中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (16): 2561-2567.doi: 10.12307/2024.321

• 组织构建相关数据分析 Date analysis of organization construction • 上一篇    下一篇

类风湿关节炎铁死亡特征基因CeRNA网络构建及免疫表现

夏  天1,李炳霖1,肖发源1,郑恩泽1,陈跃平2   

  1. 1广西中医药大学,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530000;2广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市  530000
  • 收稿日期:2023-03-15 接受日期:2023-05-10 出版日期:2024-06-08 发布日期:2023-07-31
  • 通讯作者: 陈跃平,博士,主任医师,博士生导师,广西中医药大学附属瑞康医院创伤骨科与手外科,广西壮族自治区南宁市 530000
  • 作者简介:夏天,男,1984年生,博士在读,副教授,主要从事脊柱与四肢退行性疾病的中医防治研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(81960803),项目负责人:陈跃平;广西中医药大学自治区级博士研究生科研创新项目(YCBXJ2021019),项目负责人:夏天;广西中医药适宜技术开发与推广项目(GZSY22-39),项目负责人:夏天

CeRNA interaction network and immune manifestation of ferroptosis-related signature genes in rheumatoid arthritis

Xia Tian1, Li Binglin1, Xiao Fayuan1, Zheng Enze1, Chen Yueping2   

  1. 1Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2023-03-15 Accepted:2023-05-10 Online:2024-06-08 Published:2023-07-31
  • Contact: Chen Yueping, MD, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedic Trauma and Hand Surgery, Ruikang Hospital, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Xia Tian, MD candidate, Associate professor, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning 530000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81960803 (to CYP); Autonomous Region-level Doctoral Research Innovation Project of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. YCBXJ2021019 (to XT); Guangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine Appropriate Technology Development and Promotion Project, No. GZSY22-39 (to XT)

摘要:


文题释义:

铁死亡:一种程序性细胞死亡,表现为细胞质中线粒体的形态改变,通过芬顿反应产生过量的活性氧和增加脂氧合酶的活性,细胞失去脂质过氧化修复的能力,导致细胞膜中的活性氧化物增加,出现细胞死亡。
类风湿关节炎:是一种表现为关节畸形和活动受限的自身免疫性关节病,关节滑膜炎性病变为其主要病理表现。


背景:研究发现铁死亡相关基因在类风湿关节炎的发病机制中占据重要地位,但目前尚缺乏关于类风湿关节炎铁死亡特征基因的免疫表现及CeRNA互作网络的构建,而机器学习作为生物信息学中强大的特征基因选择算法能更精确地筛选出在类风湿关节炎发病机制中占主导地位的铁死亡特征基因。

目的:利用生物信息学与机器学习方法筛选类风湿关节炎铁死亡特征基因,并分析铁死亡特征基因与免疫浸润的相关性及铁死亡特征基因CeRNA的网络构建。
方法:从GEO数据库获取与类风湿关节炎相关的芯片,利用R语言提取铁死亡相关基因及其差异基因表达;使用机器学习方法对差异基因进行筛选,即运用LASSO回归与SVM-RFE方法进行特征基因筛选,对两者过滤后的基因进行再次交集,最终得到类风湿关节炎的特征基因,运用ROC曲线评估筛选后的疾病特征基因诊断疾病的准确性;利用CIBERSORT算法分析类风湿关节炎与正常滑膜组织的免疫浸润情况,并分析铁死亡特征基因与免疫细胞的相关性,最后构建类风湿关节炎铁死亡疾病特征基因的CeRNA网络并对疾病特征基因进行验证。

结果与结论:①得到与类风湿关节炎相关铁死亡基因150个,其中55个上调基因,95个下调基因;②GO与KEGG富集分析分别得到18个GO显著相关条目与30个KEGG条目,主要涉及金属离子稳态、有铁离子稳态与氧化应激反应等;③机器学习分析最终获得疾病特征基因GABARAPL1、SAT1;④GSEA分析发现脂肪细胞因子信号通路、药物代谢细胞色素P450、脂肪酸代谢、PPAR信号通路、酪氨酸代谢主要集中在GABARAPL1高表达时,趋化因子信号通路、肠道免疫网络对IGA产生的影响主要集中在SAT1高表达时;⑤免疫浸润分析发现类风湿关节炎与9 种免疫细胞与正常组织存在明显差异,其中浆细胞、T细胞CD8、T细胞滤泡辅助器在疾病组中为高表达状态,其余为低表达。单基因与免疫细胞相关性分析发现GABARAPL1在树突状静息细胞、激活的NK细胞、巨噬细胞M1等为正相关,其中与树突状静息细胞的相关性最为显著,SAT1与T细胞CD4与γδT细胞为正相关,与NK静息细胞为负相关;⑥GSVA分析发现抗坏血酸和醛酸代谢在SAT1表现为上调的基因高表达水平时候为上调,而B细胞受体信号通路、TOLL样受体信号通路、T细胞受体信号通路、自然杀伤细胞介导的细胞毒性等表现为下调,PPAR信号通路、烟酸盐和烟酰胺的代谢、色氨酸代谢、脂肪酸代谢、类固醇生物合成等在GABARAPL1表现为下调趋势;⑦60 种长链非编码RNA可能在导致类风湿关节炎发展过程中发挥关键作用。提示:类风湿关节炎的发生与类风湿关节炎铁死亡疾病特征基因的异常表达显著相关,特征基因通过影响相关信号通路诱导疾病的发生发展,并通过对类风湿关节炎相关长链非编码RNA介导的ceRNA网络进行分析,识别出潜在的治疗靶点及信号通路,为进一步阐明其发病机制,并为后续的实验研究提供参考依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4940-405X(夏天);https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3860-1568(陈跃平)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 类风湿关节炎, 生物信息学, 机器学习, 铁死亡, CeRNA网络构建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Ferroptosis-related genes have been found to play an important role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis. However, there is currently a lack of immune expression of ferroptosis-related signature genes in rheumatoid arthritis and the construction of competing endogenous RNA (CeRNA) interaction networks. Machine learning, as a powerful signature gene selection algorithm based on bioinformatics, can more accurately identify ferroptosis-related signature genes that dominate the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.
OBJECTIVE: To screen ferroptosis-related signature genes in rheumatoid arthritis using bioinformatics and machine learning methods, and to analyze the correlation between ferroptosis-related signature genes and immune infiltration and the construction of CeRNA network of ferroptosis-related signature genes.
METHODS: Rheumatoid arthritis-related microarrays were obtained from the GEO database, and ferroptosis-related genes and their differential gene expression were extracted using R language. The differentially expressed genes were screened using machine learning methods. The LASSO regression and SVM-RFE methods were used for signature gene screening, and the genes filtered by both were re-intersected to finally obtain the signature genes in rheumatoid arthritis. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to assess the accuracy of the screened signature genes for disease diagnosis. Immune infiltration of rheumatoid arthritis and normal synovial tissues was analyzed using the CIBERSORT algorithm, and the correlation between the signature genes and immune cells was analyzed. Finally, the CeRNA network of ferroptosis-related signature genes for rheumatoid arthritis was constructed and the disease signature genes were validated. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 150 ferroptosis-related genes in rheumatoid arthritis were obtained, including 55 up-regulated genes and 95 down-regulated genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses identified 18 GO significantly correlated entries and 30 KEGG entries respectively, mainly involving metal ion homeostasis, ferric ion homeostasis and oxidative stress response. Machine learning analysis finally identified disease signature genes GABARAPL1 and SAT1. GSEA analysis found that adipocytokine signaling pathway, drug metabolism cytochrome P450, fatty acid metabolism, PPAR signaling pathway, tyrosine metabolism were mainly concentrated when GABARAPL1 was highly expressed, and chemokine signaling pathway, intestinal immune network on IGA production were mainly concentrated when SAT1 was highly expressed. Immune infiltration analysis found that nine immune cells were significantly different in rheumatoid arthritis and normal synovial tissues, in which plasma cells, T-cell CD8, and T-cell follicular helper were highly expressed and the rest were lowly expressed in the disease group. Single gene and immune cell correlation analysis found that GABARAPL1 was positively correlated with dendritic resting cells, activated NK cells, and macrophage M1, with the most significant correlation with dendritic resting cells, while SAT1 was positively correlated with T cell CD4 and γδ T cells and negatively correlated with NK resting cells. GSVA analysis found that SAT1 was upregulated in ascorbic acid and aldehyde metabolism, while downregulated in B-cell receptor signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, T-cell receptor signaling pathway, and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. GABARAPL1 showed a down-regulation trend in PPAR signaling pathway, metabolism of nicotinate and nicotinamide, tryptophan metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, and steroid biosynthesis. Sixty long non-code RNAs may play a key role in the development of rheumatoid arthritis. To conclude, the occurrence of rheumatoid arthritis is significantly correlated with the abnormal expression of rheumatoid arthritis-induced ferroptosis-related signature genes, and the signature genes induce disease development via relevant signaling pathways. By analyzing rheumatoid arthritis-related long non-code RNAs-mediated ceRNA networks, potential therapeutic targets and signaling pathways can be identified to further elucidate its pathogenesis and provide a reference basis for subsequent experimental studies.

Key words: rheumatoid arthritis, bioinformatics, machine learning, ferroptosis, CeRNA network construction

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