中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (34): 5497-5504.doi: 10.12307/2023.808

• 纳米生物材料 nanobiomaterials • 上一篇    下一篇

聚乳酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合微球的生物安全性评价

赵  康1,林  锶1,葛笑天1,杜心蕊1,韩颖超1,2   

  1. 1武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室,湖北省武汉市  430070;2佛山仙湖实验室,广东省佛山市  528200
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-19 接受日期:2022-11-21 出版日期:2023-12-08 发布日期:2023-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 韩颖超,研究员,博士生导师,武汉理工大学材料复合新技术国家重点实验室,湖北省武汉市 430070;佛山仙湖实验室,广东省佛山市 528200
  • 作者简介:赵康,男,1998年生,安徽省合肥市人,汉族,武汉理工大学在读硕士,主要从事生物医用复合材料研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1101302),项目负责人:韩颖超;佛山仙湖实验室开放基金(XHT2020-008),项目参与者:韩颖超

Biosafety evaluation of poly(lactic acid)/nano-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres

Zhao Kang1, Lin Si1, Ge Xiaotian1, Du Xinrui1, Han Yingchao1, 2   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; 2Foshan Xianhu Laboratory, Foshan 528200, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-09-19 Accepted:2022-11-21 Online:2023-12-08 Published:2023-04-22
  • Contact: Han Yingchao, Researcher, Doctoral supervisor, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China; Foshan Xianhu Laboratory, Foshan 528200, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Kang, Master candidate, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research & Development Program, No. 2016YFB1101302 (to HYC); Foshan Xianhu Laboratory Open Fund, No. XHT2020-008 (to HYC)

摘要:


文题释义:

全身毒性:是指有毒物质进入机体后所产生的不良反应,不仅只局限于机体与材料和器械接触部位所产生的不良反应,而是机体全身所可能产生的不良反应。
生物安全性:是对于每种生物材料的重要评价指标之一,是生物材料在临床应用之前必须评价的重要指标,评价生物材料在生物体内共存状态下对生物体有无毒性、有无致敏、有无刺激、有无致癌等不良反应。

背景:纳米材料以及包含纳米相的医疗器械,因为纳米材料具有尺寸小、比表面积大等独特特性,可能会引发特殊的生物效应,其生物安全性成为人们关注的重点。
目的:评价聚乳酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合微球的生物安全性。
方法:采用乳液溶剂挥发法制备聚乳酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合微球。①细胞毒性实验:将聚乳酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合微球浸提液与小鼠成纤维细胞共培养,同时设置空白对照(完全培养基)、阴性对照(高密度聚乙烯树脂浸提液)与阳性对照(二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸锌浸提液),采用MTT法评价细胞毒性;②致敏反应:将复合微球分别进行极性浸提和非极性浸提,进行豚鼠皮内诱导和激发实验,记录结果;③皮内反应:将复合微球进行极性浸提和非极性浸提,兔皮内注射后即刻及24,48,72 h,观察各注射部位状况;④全身急性毒反应:将复合微球分别进行极性浸提和非极性浸提,通过静脉和腹腔注射到KM小鼠体内,观察小鼠体质量变化;⑤热源反应:将复合微球进行极性浸提,通过耳缘静脉注射至兔体内,记录体温变化;⑥骨植入实验:将圆柱状的复合微球与高密度聚乙烯棒分别植入兔胫骨缺损部位,进行大体观察和局部组织病理学观察。

结果与结论:①聚乳酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合微球无细胞毒性、无致敏性、无皮内刺激反应、无全身急性毒反应,热源反应符合检测规定;复合微球植入兔胫骨缺损部位后,植入部位未见血肿、水肿、炎症等病变,组织学观察显示复合微球具有一定的骨组织修复能力;②骨结果显示,聚乳酸/纳米羟基磷灰石复合微球具有良好的生物安全性。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9690-6928(赵康)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 纳米羟基磷灰石, 聚乳酸, 复合材料, 细胞毒性, 致敏反应, 皮内反应, 全身急性毒反应, 热源反应, 骨植入实验

Abstract: BACKGROUND: As nanomaterials and medical devices containing nanomaterials have unique characteristics such as small size and large specific surface area, which may lead to special biological effects, their biological safety has become the focus of attention. 
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biosafety of poly(lactic acid)/nano-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres.
METHODS: Poly(lactic acid)/nano-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation. (1) Cytotoxicity test: Mouse fibroblasts were co-cultured with poly(lactic acid)/nano-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres extract. Blank control (complete medium), negative control (high-density polyethylene resin extract) and positive control (zinc diethyldithiocarbamate extract) were set. The cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. (2) Sensitization reaction: Polar and non-polar extraction of the sample, intradermal induction and excitation test were conducted, and the results were recorded. (3) Intradermal reaction: Polar extraction and non-polar extraction of composite microspheres were performed. Immediately, 24, 48 and 72 hours after intradermal injection, the status of each injection site was observed. (4) Acute systemic toxicity: The composite microspheres were extracted by polar extraction and non-polar extraction. After intravenous and intraperitoneal injection into the body of KM mice, the changes in body weight of mice were observed. (5) Pyrogen reaction: After polar extraction, the composite microspheres were injected through the ear vein into the rabbit to record changes in body temperature. (6) Bone implantation test: Cylindrical composite microspheres with high-density polyethylene rods were implanted into the tibial defects of rabbits for gross observation and local histopathological observation. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The poly(lactic acid)/nano-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres had no cytotoxicity, sensitization, intradermal irritation, or acute systemic toxicity. The pyrogen reaction was in line with the test regulations. After the composite microspheres were implanted into the tibial defect of rabbits, no lesions such as hematoma, edema or inflammation were observed at the implantation site, and the histological observation showed that the composite microspheres had a certain ability of bone tissue repair. (2) Bone results show that poly(lactic acid)/nano-hydroxyapatite composite microspheres had good biosafety. 

Key words: nano-hydroxyapatite, poly(lactic acid), composite material, cytotoxicity, sensitization reaction, intradermal reaction, acute systemic toxicity, pyrogen reaction, bone implantation test 

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