中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (24): 3901-3909.doi: 10.12307/2023.476

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

库普弗细胞在肝移植免疫耐受中的机制

王耀权,轩娟娟,张继翔,陈凯歌,陈国勇,魏思东   

  1. 河南大学人民医院,河南省郑州市  450003
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-22 接受日期:2022-08-09 出版日期:2023-08-28 发布日期:2023-01-19
  • 通讯作者: 陈国勇,主任医师,河南大学人民医院,河南省郑州市 450003 魏思东,主任医师,河南大学人民医院,河南省郑州市 450003
  • 作者简介:王耀权,男,1994年生,河南省南阳市人,蒙古族,河南大学在读硕士,主要从事肝移植与排斥反应的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2004124),项目负责人:陈国勇;河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(SBGJ2018071),项目负责人:陈国勇;河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(SB201903020),项目负责人:魏思东;河南省科技攻关计划项目(212102310717),项目负责人:魏思东

Mechanism of Kupffer cells in immune tolerance after liver transplantation

Wang Yaoquan, Xuan Juanjuan, Zhang Jixiang, Chen Kaige, Chen Guoyong, Wei Sidong   

  1. People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2022-06-22 Accepted:2022-08-09 Online:2023-08-28 Published:2023-01-19
  • Contact: Chen Guoyong, Chief physician, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China Wei Sidong, Chief physician, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Wang Yaoquan, Master candidate, People’s Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou 450003, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. U2004124 (to CGY); the Henan Medical Science and Technology Program, No. SBGJ2018071 (to CGY); Henan Provincial Medical Science and Technology Program, No. SB201903020 (to WSD); Henan Provincial Science and Technology Program, No. 212102310717 (to WSD)

摘要:

文题释义:

库普弗细胞:是在肝窦中发现的巨噬细胞,是宿主免疫系统的组成部分,参与各种化合物的代谢。其不但具有吞噬功能,还表达受体组织相容性复合体和共刺激分子以提呈抗原和特异性的免疫应答,在免疫调节和组织损伤修复中起主要作用。
免疫耐受:指机体免疫系统接受供体抗原后产生的特异性的免疫无应答状态。耐受性通常分为完全免疫耐受性、操作耐受性和支撑耐受性,肝移植后免疫耐受主要是操作耐受性。

背景:肝移植后的免疫排斥反应严重影响患者的生存质量,长期免疫耐受的建立仍然面临着许多问题,而库普弗细胞在抑制肝移植排斥反应及促进免疫耐受方面发挥着重要作用。
目的:综述库普弗细胞在肝移植免疫耐受中的作用及其机制的研究进展,旨在为建立肝移植免疫耐受提供参考思路。
方法:第一作者于2021年12月应用计算机在PubMed和中国知网数据库检索1970年1月至2021年12月相关文献,以“kupffer cells,liver transplantation”为英文检索词,以“库普弗细胞、肝移植”为中文检索词,最终纳入73篇文献进行分析。

结果与结论:①库普弗细胞是驻留在肝脏内的巨噬细胞,其表面存在包括补体受体、Toll样受体和其他病原体识别受体在内的多种特异性受体和结合位点,能够快速响应组织环境的变化,根据需要呈现不同的细胞表型,即M1型和M2型库普弗细胞,而肝移植免疫耐受与M2型库普弗细胞关系密切。②库普弗细胞通过细胞吞噬、细胞极化、抗原呈递、细胞膜蛋白和细胞因子的作用等机制在移植后免疫耐受的建立中发挥重要作用,但是目前尚缺乏高质量的基础和临床研究。③目前已有的库普弗细胞的研究中,研究者们已发现多种库普弗细胞中的细胞因子和非特异性因子可能与移植后免疫耐受关联,主要包括T细胞免疫球蛋白结构域和黏蛋白结构域4、F1型清道夫受体、抗原钙网蛋白、蛋白二硫键异构酶、抑制组蛋白脱乙酰酶11、热休克蛋白、X-box结合蛋白1、骨髓间充质干细胞、白细胞介素2、白细胞介素4、白细胞介素6、白细胞介素10、白细胞介素17、白细胞介素23、白细胞介素34、补体、凋亡因子Fas-FasL、Toll样受体、前列腺素、转化生长因子β和干扰素γ。④在基础研究方面,通过构建原位肝移植动物模型有助于深入探究库普弗细胞不同功能对肝移植后免疫耐受建立的影响。⑤在临床应用方面,通过对移植物病理分析、移植物中库普弗细胞因子表达、基因检测及供者输注骨髓间充质干细胞的方式,可预测及促进免疫耐受的建立,但未来还需要多中心大样本的临床研究来证实。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4486-9077(王耀权)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词:

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Immune rejection after liver transplantation seriously affects the quality of life of patients. The establishment of long-term immune tolerance still faces many problems. Kupffer cells play an important role in inhibiting liver transplantation rejection and promoting immune tolerance.
OBJECTIVE: To review the role of Kupffer cells in immune tolerance after liver transplantation and its mechanism, in order to provide reference ideas for establishing immune tolerance in liver transplantation.
METHODS: In December 2021, the first author used computers to search the relevant literature from January 1970 to December 2021 in PubMed and CNKI databases using “Kupffer cells, liver transplantation” as the English and Chinese search terms, respectively. Finally, 73 articles were included for further analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Kupffer cells are macrophages resident in the liver. There are many specific receptors and binding sites on the surface of Kupffer cells, including complement receptors, Toll-like receptors, and other pathogen recognition receptors, which can quickly respond to the changes of tissue environment and present different cell phenotypes, that is, M1 and M2 Kupffer cells. Liver transplantation immune tolerance is closely related to M2 Kupffer cells. (2) Kupffer cells exert vital roles in the establishment of immune tolerance after transplantation through the mechanisms of cell phagocytosis, cell polarization, antigen presentation, cell membrane proteins, and cytokines. However, there is still a lack of high-quality basic and clinical research. (3) Existing research on Kupffer cells indicates that a variety of cytokines and non-specific factors may be associated with immune tolerance after transplantation, mainly including T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain 4, F1 type scavenger receptor, antigenic calreticulin, protein disulfide isomerase, inhibitory histone deacetylase 11, heat shock protein, X-box binding protein 1, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, interleukin 2, interleukin 4, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, interleukin 17, interleukin 23, interleukin 34, complement, Fas-FasL, Toll-like receptors, prostaglandins, transforming growth factor β and interferon γ. (4) In terms of basic research, constructing an orthotopic liver transplantation animal model helps further explore the effect of different functions of Kupffer cells on the establishment of immune tolerance after liver transplantation. (5) In terms of clinical application, we can predict and promote the establishment of immune tolerance through the pathological analysis of the graft, Kupffer cytokine expression in transplants, gene detection, and donor infusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. However, multi-center, large-sample clinical studies are warranted in the future.

Key words: Kupffer cell, macrophage, liver transplantation, rejection, immune tolerance, mechanism, liver disease, organ transplantation

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