中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (14): 2249-2256.doi: 10.12307/2023.152

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

颌骨临界缺损动物模型在颌骨缺损修复中的应用

王  悦,张晓燕,李云龙,梅  双,李向军   

  1. 河北医科大学口腔医学院·口腔医院,河北医科大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科,河北省口腔医学重点实验室,河北省口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,河北省石家庄市  050017
  • 收稿日期:2022-04-14 接受日期:2022-05-28 出版日期:2023-05-18 发布日期:2022-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 李向军,博士,教授,河北医科大学口腔医院口腔颌面外科,河北省石家庄市 050017
  • 作者简介:王悦,女,1996 年生,江苏省扬州市人,汉族,河北医科大学在读硕士,主要从事口腔颌面部疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河北省科技厅重点研发计划项目(21377719D),项目负责人:李向军;河北省政府资助省级医学优秀人才项目(361029),项目负责人:李向军

Animal models of jaw critical-sized defect in jaw defect repair

Wang Yue, Zhang Xiaoyan, Li Yunlong, Mei Shuang, Li Xiangjun   

  1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Canter for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2022-04-14 Accepted:2022-05-28 Online:2023-05-18 Published:2022-09-30
  • Contact: Li Xiangjun, MD, Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Wang Yue, Master candidate, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    The Key Research & Development Project of Hebei Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. 21377719D (to LXJ); The Government Funded Medical Talents Project of Hebei Province, No. 361029 (to LXJ)

摘要:

文题释义:
颌骨临界缺损:颌骨可由于创伤、感染、囊肿、肿瘤、放射性骨坏死、发育缺陷等原因引起骨质缺损,颌骨缺损达到一定范围及距离后,机体自身无法自行修复,该范围及距离即为临界颌骨缺损,需应用自体骨移植、异体骨移植或骨组织工程方法进行修复。
颌骨缺损动物模型:动物模型通常被认为是模拟临床条件的合适对象,建立疾病动物模型是科学研究的基本方法之一。为探讨颌骨缺损的修复机制或验证生物材料对骨缺损的修复效果,颌骨缺损动物模型已经被广泛应用于检验科学假说的可靠性,以便在临床应用之前探讨疾病的发病机制。

背景:颌骨缺损修复一直是口腔颌面外科具有挑战性的难题之一。人工骨材料逐渐取代自体骨及同种异体骨成为颌骨缺损修复的研究热点。为评价人工骨材料作为颌骨缺损修复替代物的发展前景,有必要建立可重复且有效的颌骨缺损动物模型,但目前尚无统一的理想实验动物颌骨缺损模型能完美地模拟人类颌骨结构和力学特征。
目的:从建立模型的动物种类及其优缺点、建模动物年龄的选择、实验动物颌骨临界缺损大小的选择、手术入路及手术部位的选择、建模后实验检测方法等方面对颌骨缺损动物模型进行综述。
方法:检索CNKI和PubMed等中英文数据库,中文检索词为“颌骨、下颌骨、临界大小缺损、动物模型”,英文检索词为“jaw、mandibular、critical-sized defect、animal model”。纳入与颌骨缺损及其动物模型的实验研究及进展情况相关性高的68篇文献进行归纳总结。
结果与结论:①建立理想颌骨缺损动物模型并确立颌骨临界大小缺损对于颌骨缺损的修复机制或验证生物材料对骨缺损的修复效果具有重要作用。②统计发现大鼠、犬、猪的下颌骨已建立合理临界缺损动物模型,目前国内外关于兔颌骨节段性和非节段性缺损模型的临界大小缺损尚未达成共识。使用羊或灵长类动物作为颌骨缺损动物模型的研究很少,以往研究中建立的模型可为羊或灵长类动物颌骨临界大小缺损的确立提供一定的理论基础。③提示对于不同物种的颌骨缺损动物模型的规范化建立以及确立颌骨临界大小缺损用于颌骨缺损修复的机制和应用尚待深入研究。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4516-9331 (李向军)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 颌骨, 下颌骨, 临界大小缺损, 动物模型, 研究进展, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Jaw defect repair has always been one of the challenges in oral and maxillofacial surgery. Artificial bone materials have gradually replaced autologous bone and allogeneic bone as a research hotspot for jaw defect repair. In order to evaluate the development prospect of artificial bone materials as an alternative to jaw defect repair, it is necessary to establish a reproducible and effective animal model of jaw defect, but there is no unified ideal experimental animal model of jaw defect that can perfectly simulate the structure and mechanical characteristics of the human jaw.
OBJECTIVE: To review the animal models of mandibular defects from the following aspects: animal species, ages of model animals, size of mandibular critical-sized defects, surgical approaches and sites, and experimental detection methods after modeling.
METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for relevant documents. The keywords were “jaw, mandibular, critical-sized defect, animal model” in English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 68 articles highly correlated with experimental research and development of mandibular defects and animal models were included and summarized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Establishing an ideal animal model of jaw defect with determination of critical-sized defect is important to explore the repair mechanism of jaw defect or verify the repair effect of biomaterials on bone defect. Reasonable jaw critical-sized defect models have been established in rats, dogs, and pigs. However, there is no consensus on the critical size of segmental and non-segmental defects of the rabbit mandible worldwide. Less is reported on the use of sheep or primate models of jaw defect. The models established in previous studies can provide a certain theoretical basis for the establishment of jaw critical-sized defect models in sheep or primates. Therefore, the standardization of animal models of jaw defects in different species and the determination of jaw critical-sized defects for research on the mechanism and application of jaw defect repair remain to be further studied. 

Key words:  , jaw, mandible, critical-sized defect, animal model, research progress, review

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