中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (11): 1744-1749.doi: 10.12307/2022.1018

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

Apelin可促进脊髓损伤大鼠运动和脊髓形态的修复

刘  卿1,王  笑1,谷成旭1,郭绮萱1,李希凯1,张璐萍1,黄  飞1,2   

  1. 1滨州医学院基础医学院解剖学教研室,山东省烟台市  256699;2康复大学健康与生命科学学院,山东省青岛市  266071
  • 收稿日期:2022-01-30 接受日期:2022-03-12 出版日期:2023-04-18 发布日期:2022-09-27
  • 通讯作者: 黄飞,博士,教授, 滨州医学院基础医学院解剖学教研室,山东省烟台市 256699;康复大学健康与生命科学学院,山东省青岛市 266071 张璐萍,博士,副教授,滨州医学院基础医学院解剖学教研室,山东省烟台市 256699
  • 作者简介:刘卿,女,1996年生,山东省泰安市人,汉族,滨州医学院在读硕士,主要从事脊髓损伤修复研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81870985,81171142),项目负责人:黄飞

Apelin promotes locomotor recovery and spinal cord morphology repair in rats with spinal cord injury

Liu Qing1, Wang Xiao1, Gu Chengxu1, Guo Qixuan1, Li Xikai1, Zhang Luping1, Huang Fei1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical University, Yantai 256699, Shandong Province, China; 2School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2022-01-30 Accepted:2022-03-12 Online:2023-04-18 Published:2022-09-27
  • Contact: Huang Fei, MD, Professor, Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical University, Yantai 256699, Shandong Province, China; School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Science, Qingdao 266071, Shandong Province, China Zhang Luping, MD, Associate professor, Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical University, Yantai 256699, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Liu Qing, Master candidate, Department of Anatomy, Basic Medical University, Yantai 256699, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81870985 and 81171142 (to HF)

摘要:

文题释义:
Apelin:是G蛋白偶联受体APJ的内源性配体,在体内具有多种活性形式,如Apelin-13、Apelin-17和Apelin-36。Apelin/APJ在调节细胞增殖、凋亡、抑制炎症反应和血管重建等方面显示出功能。
生长相关蛋白43(growth associated protein-43,GAP43):是一种轴突膜蛋白和神经特异性的蛋白,参与神经细胞生长及突触发育形成和神经细胞再生,在神经元发育和再生的过程中或神经损伤后表达升高。

背景:研究表明,Apelin/APJ在调节细胞增殖、凋亡、抑制炎症反应和血管重建等方面显示出功能。因此,推测Apelin在脊髓损伤中具有类似的功能。
目的:评价Apelin对大鼠脊髓损伤的治疗作用。
方法:①体内实验选用大鼠横断脊髓损伤模型,采用45只雌性SD大鼠,随机分为假手术组、脊髓损伤组、Apelin-13组。脊髓损伤组和Apelin-13组大鼠采用横断损伤法建立脊髓损伤模型,Apelin-13组每日腹腔注射Apelin-13 0.2 mg/kg,其余2 组每日注射等量生理盐水,连续治疗14 d。于大鼠造模后第1,3,7,14天采用BBB运动评定量表评定大鼠后肢运动功能;于第14天收集大鼠脊髓,用于免疫组化、免疫荧光、RT-PCR等分析。②体外实验利用H2O2诱导PC12细胞损伤,加入不同浓度(1,2,4 μmol/L)的Apelin-13, CCK8法检测其对诱导损伤的PC12细胞的活力的影响,探索Apelin的神经保护作用。
结果与结论:①脊髓损伤后大鼠后肢功能完全丧失,损伤后3 d开始观察到运动恢复,但脊髓损伤组各时间点之间差异无显著性意义;Apelin促进了脊髓损伤大鼠的运动功能恢复;②脊髓损伤导致脊髓局部连续性破坏,Apelin促进了大鼠损伤脊髓形态的修复;③假手术组仅有少数离子钙接头蛋白分子1(iba1)阳性细胞,脊髓损伤导致局部该阳性细胞数量和星形胶质细胞显著增加,Apelin干预减少了局部星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞激活(P < 0.05);④脊髓损伤后严重脱髓鞘,LFB染色阳性面积明显降低,Apelin减少了脊髓损伤带来的脱髓鞘;⑤脊髓损伤后生长相关蛋白43表达量显著增加(P < 0.001),给予Apelin进一步增加了生长相关蛋白43蛋白的表达;⑥Apelin增加了H2O2诱导的PC12损伤的细胞活力(P < 0.05)。总之,Apelin促进了脊髓损伤大鼠运动和脊髓形态的修复。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9759-7784(刘卿)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 脊髓损伤, Apelin, 小胶质细胞, PC12细胞, 星形胶质细胞, 生长相关蛋白43, 脱髓鞘, 炎症

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Apelin/APJ exhibits functions in regulating cell proliferation, apoptosis, inhibiting inflammatory responses and vascular remodeling. Therefore, it is speculated that Apelin has similar functions in spinal cord injury.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Apelin in rats with spinal cord injury.
METHODS: A rat model of spinal cord transection was used in an in vivo experiment. Forty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group, spinal cord injury group and Apelin-13 group. Rats in the latter two groups were submitted to make animal models of spinal cord transection. Rats were given the intraperitoneal injection of 0.2 mg/kg Apelin-13 in the Apelin group or the same amount of normal saline in the other two groups for 14 consecutive days. The motor function of rat’s hind limbs was assessed by Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan locomotor rating scale at the 1st, 3rd, 7th, and 14th days after modeling. The spinal cord tissues were collected at the 14th day after spinal cord injury and used for immunohistochemical, immunofluorescence and RT-PCR analyses. In in vitro experiments, H2O2 was used to induce PC12 cell injury followed by treatment with different concentrations (1, 2, 4 μmol/L) of Apelin-13. We then used cell counting kit-8 to detect the effect of Apelin-13 on the viability of injured PC12 cells, thereby exploring the neuroprotective effect of Apelin.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After spinal cord injury, the hindlimb function of the rats was completely lost and motor recovery was observed 3 days after injury. However, there was no significant difference in the spinal cord injury group at different time points. Apelin promoted motor function recovery post spinal cord injury. (2) Spinal cord injury disrupted the local continuity of the spinal cord, and Apelin restored the injured morphology induced by spinal cord injury. (3) There were only a few cells positive for ionized calcium binding adapter protein 1 in the sham group. Spinal cord injury led to a sharp increase in the number of local positive cells and astrocytes. Apelin could alleviate the local activation of astrocytes and microglia (P < 0.05). (4) Severe demyelination occurred after spinal cord injury and the positive area of Luxol Fast Blue staining was significantly reduced. Apelin could attenuate demyelination caused by spinal cord injury. (5) The expression of growth-related protein 43 was significantly increased after spinal cord injury (P < 0.001). Apelin could further promote the expression of growth-related protein 43 (P < 0.05). (6) Apelin increased the cell viability of H2O2-stimulated PC12 cells in vitro (P < 0.05). To conclude, Apelin promotes locomotor recovery and spinal cord morphology repair in rats after spinal cord injury.

Key words: spinal cord injury, Apelin, microglia, PC12 cell, astrocyte, growth-related protein 43, demyelination, inflammation

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