中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (34): 5517-5522.doi: 10.12307/2021.249

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

生物降解微球在骨组织再生中的生物学优势

马士卿，王洁，高平，刘子豪   

  1. 天津医科大学口腔医院，天津市   300070
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-29 修回日期:2020-12-30 接受日期:2021-02-05 出版日期:2021-12-08 发布日期:2021-07-28
  • 通讯作者: 刘子豪，博士，讲师，天津医科大学口腔医院，天津市 300070
  • 作者简介:马士卿，女，1991 年生，汉族，博士，主治医师，主要从事组织再生及种植体表面改性方面的研究
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金(81701019)，项目负责人：马士卿；天津市教育委员会一般项目(2019KJ173)，项目负责人：刘子豪

Biological advantages of biodegradable microspheres in bone regeneration

Ma Shiqing, Wang Jie, Gao Ping, Liu Zihao   

  1. Dental Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
  • Received:2020-12-29 Revised:2020-12-30 Accepted:2021-02-05 Online:2021-12-08 Published:2021-07-28
  • Contact: Liu Zihao, PhD, Lecturer, Dental Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
  • About author:Ma Shiqing, PhD, Attending physician, Dental Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81701019 (to MSQ); General Project of Tianjin Education Committee, No. 2019KJ173 (to LZH)

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摘要：

文题释义：
生物降解微球：是利用生物可吸收材料制备的微小球状实体，受材料性质和加工工艺的影响，其粒径从几十纳米到几百微米不等，良好的微球形态整齐、分散均匀。微球可作为载体装载药物因子，并通过主动降解缓慢释放药物。
引导骨组织再生术：是用外科方法放置一个物理屏障来选择性地分隔不同的牙周组织，阻止牙龈上皮和牙龈结缔组织向根面生长，造成空间，诱导具有牙周组织再生潜力的牙周膜细胞冠向移动并生长分化，实现牙周膜、牙槽骨、牙骨质再生，形成牙周新附着。
背景：生物降解微球通过自身降解释放包裹在其中的功能性修饰因子，能够改善药物溶解性、半衰期等性质，被广泛应用于骨缺损的修复再生。
目的：回顾总结生物降解微球在骨组织再生方面的应用，用于制备微球的各型材料的优缺点，以及微球制备的新型工艺和修饰方法。
方法：以“生物降解微球、纳米粒子、骨再生、促成骨”为中文检索词，检索CNKI、万方数据库；以“biodegradable microsphere，nanoparticle，bone regeneration，osteogenic”为英文检索词，检索PubMed、Elsevier、Web of Science数据库。
结果与结论：在骨组织再生相关研究中，用于制备生物降解微球的材料主要包括无机材料、天然高分子材料、合成聚合物材料，微球制备方法包括离子凝胶法、溶剂挥发法、喷雾干燥法、相分离法、溶胶-凝胶法等。目前使用的微球均已具备良好的生物相容性和骨传导性，但大部分材料的骨诱导性能仍不够理想，目前通过负载促骨再生因子、抗感染因子、促血管再生因子等修饰方式为微球的多功能化提供可能。微球加工工艺的优化、复合微球的构建、复合支架的构建、新型高效修饰因子的引入等为微球在骨组织再生应用中的研究提供了新思路。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7751-7425 (马士卿) 

关键词: 微球, 药物缓释, 支架材料, 纳米材料, 引导骨组织再生术, 生长因子, 抗感染, 血管生成

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Biodegradable microspheres, which release the functional modification factors encapsulated in them through self-degradation, can improve the drug solubility, half-life and other properties. They are widely used in the research of bone defect repair and regeneration.
OBJECTIVE: To review and summarize the application of biodegradable microspheres in bone regeneration, the advantages and disadvantages of various materials used to prepare microspheres, as well as the new technology and modification methods of microspheres.
METHODS: CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Elsevier, and Web of Science database were retrieved using “biodegradable microsphere, nanoparticle, bone regeneration, osteogenic” as English and Chinese keywords.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the research of bone regeneration, the materials used to prepare biodegradable microspheres include inorganic materials, natural polymer materials and synthetic polymer materials. The preparation methods include ionic gel, solvent evaporation, spray drying, phase separation, and sol-gel method. Although the microspheres have excellent biocompatibility and bone conductivity, the osteogenic properties of most of the materials are still not ideal. Many ways are used to modify the microspheres, such as loading osteogenic factor, anti-infective factor and angiogenic factor, making it possible to functionalize the microspheres. The optimization of microsphere processing technology, the construction of composite microspheres and composite scaffolds, and the introduction of new efficient modification factors all provide new ideas for the application of microsphere in bone regeneration.

Key words: microspheres, drug controlled-release, scaffold materials, nanomaterials, guided bone regeneration, growth factor, anti-infective, angiogenesis

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