中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (25): 3976-3980.doi: 10.12307/2021.007

• 干细胞移植 stem cell transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

人胎盘间充质干细胞凝胶促进SD大鼠放射性皮肤损伤的愈合

徐晓明1,陈  艳1,宋  倩1,袁  露1,顾加明1,张丽娟2,耿  洁3,董  坚1   

  1. 1昆明医科大学第三附属医院/云南省肿瘤医院肿瘤研究所/云南省细胞治疗及质量控制体系工程研究中心,云南省昆明市  650118;2昆明医科大学第三附属医院/云南省肿瘤医院病理科,云南省昆明市  650118;3北京汉氏联合生物技术股份有限公司,北京市  100176
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-07 修回日期:2020-07-13 接受日期:2020-08-27 出版日期:2021-09-08 发布日期:2021-03-24
  • 通讯作者: 董坚,教授,博士生导师,昆明医科大学第三附属医院/云南省肿瘤医院肿瘤研究所/云南省细胞治疗及质量控制体系工程研究中心,云南省昆明市 650118
  • 作者简介:徐晓明,1986年生,云南省昆明市人,汉族,硕士,医师,主要从事干细胞的基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省细胞治疗技术转化医学重点实验室资助(2015DG034),项目负责人:董坚

Human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cell gel promotes the healing of radiation skin damage in SD rats

Xu Xiaoming1, Chen Yan1, Song Qian1, Yuan Lu1, Gu Jiaming1, Zhang Lijuan2, Geng Jie3, Dong Jian1   

  • Received:2020-07-07 Revised:2020-07-13 Accepted:2020-08-27 Online:2021-09-08 Published:2021-03-24
  • Contact: Dong Jian, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Provincial Tumor Hospital/Yunnan Cellular Therapy and Quality Control System Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650118, Yunnan Province, China
  • About author:Xu Xiaoming, Master, Physician, Yunnan Tumor Research Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University/Yunnan Provincial Tumor Hospital/Yunnan Cellular Therapy and Quality Control System Engineering Research Center, Kunming 650118, Yunnan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Yunnan Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy Technology Translational Medicine, No. 2015DG034 (to DJ)

摘要:

文题释义:
放射性皮肤损伤:放射性皮肤损伤病变通常累及表皮和真皮层,较为严重者可累及皮下组织,其病理表现为:表皮层出现细胞内及细胞间质水肿,基底细胞核固缩、液化甚至变性,细胞有丝分裂现象几乎停滞;真皮层可见明显的细胞水肿和大量炎性细胞集聚,血管扩张,出现微小出血。慢性放射性皮肤损伤病理变化主要表现为表皮层萎缩变薄,严重者表皮突消失;真皮层细胞纤维化,出现形状各异、多核的成纤维细胞。
胎盘间充质干细胞:是一组源于基质的异质细胞群,可以从胎盘组织获取。间充质干细胞发挥治疗作用的机制主要有以下几个方面:①定向归巢到损伤组织;②定向分化为表皮、真皮、血管和皮肤附件等损伤组织的细胞类型,促进皮肤再生、血管新生,从而促进伤口愈合;③旁分泌表皮生长因子、成纤维细胞生长因子、白细胞介素10等生物活性分子,调控免疫反应和炎症反应,促进血管生成和损伤组织修复;④不具免疫原性,不会引发机体排斥反应。 
背景:放射性皮肤损伤一直是困扰肿瘤临床放射治疗的难题。大量实验研究显示,人胎盘间充质干细胞具有表皮细胞分化潜能,可促进受损皮肤的愈合。
目的:评价局部外用人胎盘间充质干细胞凝胶对大鼠放射性皮肤损伤愈合的影响。
方法:取23只SD大鼠,随机分为阴性对照组、空白凝胶组、间充质干细胞凝胶组,其中阴性对照组3只,其余每组10只。各组接受臀背部皮肤照射(采用6 meV电子线,总剂量50 Gy,照射野3 cm×3 cm,单次剂量率500 cGy/min),照射后第23天开始,间充质干细胞治疗组创面均匀涂抹人胎盘间充质干细胞凝胶,空白凝胶对照组创面均匀涂抹空白凝胶,1次/d,连用6次,阴性对照组不进行任何治疗。从第1次用开始每4 d观察1次创面愈合情况,治疗第28天取材,观察人胎盘间充质干细胞凝胶对炎性细胞、创面微血管密度和创面胶原纤维的影响。
结果与结论:①阴性对照组照射区皮肤红肿、溃烂;空白凝胶组照射区皮肤僵硬皱缩,观察期内创面均未愈合;间充质干细胞凝胶组照射区长出新生上皮组织,观察期内创面愈合完全;②与阴性对照组和空白凝胶组比较,在治疗后第16,20,24,28天间充质干细胞凝胶组创面愈合速度明显加快(P < 0.05),创面面积明显缩小(P < 0.05),炎性细胞计数明显减少(P < 0.05),微血管计数CD31细胞阳性率明显增多(P < 0.05),胶原纤维排列较整齐;③结果表明,局部外用人胎盘间充质干细胞凝胶可促进大鼠放射性皮肤损伤愈合。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3869-1217(徐晓明) 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 人胎盘间充质干细胞凝胶, 放射性皮肤损伤, 血管化, 愈合, 炎症, 胶原纤维, 大鼠

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Radiation skin injury has always been a difficult problem in clinical radiotherapy of tumors. A large number of experimental studies have shown that human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells have the potential for epidermal cell differentiation and can promote the healing of wounded skin.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of local application of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cell gel on the healing of radiation skin damage in rats. 
METHODS:  Twenty-three Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: negative control group (n=3), blank gel group (n=10) and mesenchymal stem cell gel group (n=10). Each group received skin irradiation of buttock and back (6 meV electron wire, total dose of 50 Gy, irradiation field of 3 cm×3 cm, single dose rate of 500 cGy/min). At 23 days after irradiation, the wounds of the mesenchymal stem cell gel group were smeared with human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cell gel. The blank gel control group was smeared with blank gel evenly, once a day, for six times. The negative control group was not given any treatment. The wound healing was observed once every four days. After 28 days of treatment, the effects of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cell gel on inflammatory cells, wound microvessel density and wound collagen fibers were observed. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The skin in the negative control group was swollen and ulcerated; the skin in the blank gel group was stiff and shrunken; and the wounds did not heal during the observation. The mesenchymal stem cell gel group developed new epithelial tissue in the irradiation area, and the wound healing was complete during the observation. (2) Compared with negative control and blank gel groups, at 16, 20, 24, and 28 days after treatment, the wound healing speed of the mesenchymal stem cell gel group was significantly faster (P < 0.05), and wound area was significantly reduced (P < 0.05); the count of inflammatory cells was lower (P < 0.05); count of CD31 cells in microvessel was significantly higher (P < 0.05); collagen fibers were arranged orderly. (3) The results indicate that local application of human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cell gel can promote the healing of radiation skin damage in SD rat. 

Key words: stem cells, human placenta derived mesenchymal stem cells, radiation skin damage, vascularization, healing, inflammation, collagen fiber, rat

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