BACKGROUND: Implant denture is a kind of dental restoration with excellent retention,
support and stability. However, the phenomenon of dental fillings after
implantation is a common phenomenon that troubles the majority of patients with
dental defects.
OBJECTIVE: The finite element analysis method
was used to analyze the food impaction after planting denture by biomechanical
numerical simulation, and find the quantitative relationship between the food
impaction and relative width, relative height, relative angle of the denture.
METHODS: To study fully relative teeth under
the conditions of different widths, heights and angles influence on food
embedded plug, we designed different width groups of the upper structure of the
denture (5 subgroups: 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 6.0 mm), different height groups of
the upper structure of the denture (5 subgroups: 6.6, 6.8, 7.0, 7.2, 7.4 mm),
different planting angle groups of the denture (5 subgroups: 92°, 91°, 90°,
89°, 88°), different width groups of natural crowns (5 subgroups: 5.6, 5.7,
5.8, 5.9, 6.0 mm), different height groups of natural crowns (5 subgroups: 6.6,
6.8, 7.0, 7.2, 7.4 mm), and different natural tooth growth angle groups (5
subgroups: 92°, 91°, 90°, 89°, 88°) as a 4-teeth partial denture model. Each
subgroup was designed by changing the relative position of the third dental
component, with the same remaining conditions. The numerical simulation of food
impaction was carried out for all dentition models, and the deformation of the
teeth was analyzed. The tooth gap width curves were compared before and after
stress between each group.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) After force, the
total horizontal displacement of the denture was slowly reduced with the
increase of the width of the upper part of the denture. When the width of the
upper structure was between 5.9 and 6.0 mm, the interdental space of the
natural tooth was rapidly reduced after the deformation of the tooth. The
effect of food impaction was closer to the food impaction condition in the case
of natural teeth. (2) When the height of the upper structure of the denture was
lower than that of the adjacent teeth, with the increase of the height of the
upper structure of the denture, the gap between the teeth increased first and
then decreased. When the denture was lower than the adjacent tooth and the
height was between 6.8 and 7.0 mm, the tooth space decreased rapidly after the
force was applied. (3) The total horizontal displacement decreased slowly with
increasing planting angle. (4) The results show that to reduce food impaction,
the interdental distance of the implant denture and adjacent teeth should be
less than 0.05 mm. The height of the implant denture should be less about 0.2
mm than adjacent teeth, and the planting angle should be about 90°.