Application of 3D-printed drug composite material in
biomedicine

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1924

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Combining drugs with materials using 3D printing technology can be formulated into a dosage form with a specific release rate, which is better for clinical use.

OBJECTIVE: To review the preparation technique, advantages and indications of pharmaceutical composites made from western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, metal elements and ions and related materials.

METHODS: The first author used the search terms “Drug; Chinese medicine; Metal; Composite materials; 3D printing” to search the CNKI and Wanfang databases in Chinese and the PubMed and Web of Science in English to retrieve papers published during 1950-2019. A total of 339 papers were preliminarily retrieved. After screening, 46 papers were included in the final analysis.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pharmaceutical composite materials made of western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, metal elements and ions and related materials have certain advantages in the pharmaceutical field and clinical use. It can not only improve the bioavailability of drugs, reduce toxic side effects, but also achieve a combination of drugs. In recent years, drug composite materials have been used in orthopedics, dentistry, cardiovascular medicine, otolaryngology and other fields, but its application is still in its infancy. Many aspects need to be improved, such as improving the quality of drug composites, increasing mechanical stability, reducing the brittleness, printing the full-featured blood vessels and organs that fit the size of the human body, and better imitating the biomechanics and tissue structure of human body.

Key words: drug, metal elements, composite materials, 3D printing, biomedicine, tissue engineering, long-acting preparation, in situ administration

CLC Number:

Hou Jingxia, Wang Dan, Wei Chenxu, Lin Shangyang, Chen Zhipeng, Li Weidong. Application of 3D-printed drug composite material in biomedicine[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2020, 24(10): 1629-1633.

Figures/Tables 3

2.1 西药复合材料西药具有化学成分明确、药理作用清晰、见效快等优点，但部分药物也存在一些弊端，比如生物利用度低、毒副作用大、不能实现个性化给药等。将西药与具有良好生物相容性的材料相结合制成具有一定治疗作用的支架或其他剂型，统称为西药复合材料。按适应证主要分为4类：①第一类是治疗骨缺损的西药复合材料：如将一线抗结核药物异烟肼、利福平以传统应用形式用于骨结核病灶区时，由于药物缺乏载体易被液体稀释或冲走，达不到有效的抑菌浓度，而且肝肾不良反应大，将其做成复合材料可避免此缺点；②第二类是3D打印胃内漂浮片剂：与传统剂型相比，胃滞留药物递送系统延长了胃滞留时间，带来了显著益处，包括延长药物保留时间、明确药物持续释放曲线、具有恒定的血浆药物浓度、增加患者依从性、提高药物生物利用度等。适用于在胃肠道或肠液中不稳定，或在肠道中溶解性差的药物。实现胃滞留的方法主要包括胃内漂浮[11]、肿胀和扩张[12]、黏膜粘连[13]、低密度系统[14]。胃内漂浮药物递送系统可以在药物到达其吸收部位之前连续释放药物来改善具有吸收问题的药物受控递送，从而确保其最佳生物利用度[15]；③第三类是实现联合用药的西药复合材料：联合药物治疗常用于治疗癌症、糖尿病、心血管疾病和感染等疾病，并且在许多情况下药物以相同的剂型组合，以方便服用和改善患者依从性；④第四类是其他西药复合材料：主要介绍了将卡马西平和泼尼松龙运用熔融沉积3D打印方法制成了支架和片剂，减少了药物不良反应及对药物剂量进行了精确控制，对于癫痫及自身免疫性炎症疾病有很好的效果。4类西药复合材料具体制备工艺、优点及适应证详见表1。 "

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