Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (10): 1502-1507.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2217

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Effects of changes in surface morphology of bone cement spacer on the expression of bone growth factor in induced membrane 

Li Shuyuan1, Zhou Qishi2, Li Yue2, Lin Zhiyi3, Zhou Hongliang1, Shen Zhen1, Hu Cheng1, Yang Jiabao1   

  1. 1The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 3Panyu Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 511400, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2019-06-03 Revised:2019-06-11 Accepted:2019-07-10 Online:2020-04-08 Published:2020-02-14
  • Contact: Zhou Qishi, Associate professor, First Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Li Shuyuan, Master candidate, The First Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
     the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81674001

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: At present, scholars at home and abroad try to promote the growth of bone graft by changing the types and morphology of implant materials, and improving the thickness and smoothness of induced membrane.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the degree of vascularization and the expression of some osteogenic factors in the polymethylmethacrylate bone cement membrane with different surface roughness degrees at different femoral bone defects in rats.

METHODS: Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats (purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine) were used to establish rat models of critical-size femur defect. These rat modes were then randomly divided into groups A, B, C and D. Polymethylmethacrylate bone cement occupiers with surface roughness < 1.5 μm, 1.5-2.0 μm, 5.0-7.0 μm, and 14.0-20.0 μm were implanted in the femoral bone defects, respectively. At 6 weeks after implantation of bone cement spacer, the induced membranes around bone cement were removed. The morphological changes of the induced membranes were observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect bone morphogenetic protein 2, transforming growth factor beta 1 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein in the induced membranes for quantitative and qualitative analyses. This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, China (approval No. 20181101006).

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that four kinds of bone cement with different surface roughness degrees could form a relatively regular induced membrane. The degree of vascularization and the number of cells in the induced membrane were similar among the four groups. Western blot analysis showed that the average levels of bone morphogenetic protein 2, transforming growth factor β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein were similar among four groups (P > 0.05). Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the positive expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, transforming growth factor β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor protein was similar among four groups (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that the change of surface roughness of bone cement has no significant effect on the histomorphological structure of induced membrane and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, transforming growth factor β1 and vascular endothelial growth factor in induced membrane at 6 weeks after implantation of bone cement spacer.

Key words: polymethylmethacrylate bone cement, surface morphology, induced membrane, microvessel, bone growth factor, bone morphogenetic protein 2, transforming growth factor β1, vascular endothelial growth factor

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