中国组织工程研究 ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (6): 886-890.doi: 10.12307/2023.918

• 骨与关节生物力学 bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

老年人跌倒腕关节背伸损伤机制的有限元分析

侯泽欣1,许本柯1,戴  媛2,何  川2,张朝驹2,李孝林1   

  1. 1长江大学医学部,湖北省荆州市   434023; 2荆州市中医医院,湖北省荆州市   434023
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-25 接受日期:2023-02-01 出版日期:2024-02-28 发布日期:2023-07-12
  • 通讯作者: 李孝林,博士,副教授,长江大学医学部,湖北省荆州市 434023
  • 作者简介:侯泽欣,女,1994年生,湖北省公安县人,汉族,2023年长江大学毕业,硕士,主要从事数字骨科学的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    全国名老中医专家传承工作室建设项目(国中医药人教函[2002]75号),项目负责人:张朝驹

Finite element analysis of the mechanism of dorsiflexion injury of wrist joint in elderly people after falls

Hou Zexin1, Xu Benke1, Dai Yuan2, He Chuan2, Zhang Chaoju2, Li Xiaolin1   

  1. 1Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China; 2Jingzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-25 Accepted:2023-02-01 Online:2024-02-28 Published:2023-07-12
  • Contact: Li Xiaolin, MD, Associate professor, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
  • About author:Hou Zexin, Master, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Construction Project of National Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Workshop, No. [2002]75 (to ZCJ)

摘要:


文题释义:

有限元法:又称有限单元法,是一种为求偏微分方程边值问题近似解的数值技术,应用时将整体根据研究需要划分为若干互相连接的小区域(单元),对每个单元进行求解进而得出整体解,应用到医学中进行有关生物力学分析,实现医工结合。
应力云图:在应用有限元软件进行生物力学分析时,运算结束后有限元软件里生成的受力物件在给定外力作用下表现出来的各部分应力大小和分布的云图,具有直观显示分析结果的特点,并能从整体上反映受力物件的受力情况。


背景:目前国内外设计的腕部防护佩戴产品尚没有解决既保护腕关节不受损伤又保持腕关节灵活运动的矛盾。

目的:探讨老年人跌倒腕关节背伸性损伤的生物力学机制,为预防和治疗老年人跌倒腕关节损伤提供生物力学依据。
方法:选取1名65岁老年人对其左侧前臂中下2/3直至手指末端进行不间断CT扫描获取原始数据,利用ANSYS 12.0有限元软件建立腕关节背伸状态的有限元模型,约束模型的手掌面,给予模型一个大小为2 m/s、方向垂直向下的速度载荷模拟老年人跌倒时手掌撑地的受伤状态,观测载荷作用后腕关节软组织、骨骼的应力分布以及应力随时间改变情况。

结果与结论:①研究建立了真实有效的老年人腕关节背伸位有限元模型,载荷作用后软组织应力主要集中于手掌小鱼际以及腕背侧,骨骼应力背侧主要集中于尺桡骨下端,桡骨下端的应力最大,掌侧应力主要集中于桡骨中下1/3、钩骨,尺桡骨的应力分布不对称,以桡骨应力更集中;②研究结果与临床老年人跌倒腕部损伤情况相符,可用于腕背伸损伤机制的解释,可为预防老年人因跌倒而发生腕关节损伤的腕部防护用品的设计以及腕部损伤的治疗提供生物力学依据。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6093-1726 (侯泽欣) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 腕关节, 背伸损伤, 老年患者, 生物力学, 有限元

Abstract: BACKGROUND: At present, wrist protection products designed in and outside China have not solved the contradiction between protecting the wrist joint from injury and maintaining the flexible movement of the wrist joint. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the biomechanical mechanism of dorsiflexion injury of the wrist joint in elderly people after falls, and to provide a biomechanical basis for the prevention and treatment of wrist injury in elderly people after falls. 
METHODS: A 65-year-old man was selected to obtain the original data by uninterrupted CT scan of the middle and lower 2/3 of his left forearm up to the end of the finger. A finite element model of wrist dorsiflexion was established using ANSYS 12.0 finite element software. The palm surface of the model was constrained, and the model at a velocity load of 2 m/s in the direction of vertical downward was given to simulate the injury state of the palm when the elderly fall. The stress distribution of the soft tissues and bones of the wrist joint and the change of the stress with time were observed after the load was applied.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A realistic and effective finite element model of the dorsal extension position of the wrist joint of the elderly was established. The soft tissue stresses were mainly concentrated in the small fissure of the palm and the dorsal side of the wrist after loading. The skeletal stresses were mainly concentrated in the lower end of the ulnar radius dorsally. The stresses in the lower end of the radius were the greatest. The palmar stresses were mainly concentrated in the middle and lower 1/3 of the radius and the hook bone. The stress distribution of the ulnar radius was asymmetric, and the stresses in the radius were more concentrated. (2) The results of the study are consistent with the clinical situation of a fallen wrist injury in elderly people, and can be used to explain the mechanism of wrist dorsiflexion injury, which can provide the biomechanical basis for the design of wrist protection devices that can be used to prevent wrist injury induced by falling and the treatment of wrist injury in elderly people.

Key words: wrist joint, dorsiflexion injury, elderly patient, biomechanics, finite element

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