中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (34): 5538-5545.doi: 10.12307/2023.835

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

糖胺聚糖在骨组织工程中的作用机制及应用

游  妍1,陈嘉文1,林滨滨1,吴靖漪2,刘  鹏3,吴补领 1,4,孙天语5   

  1. 1南方医科大学口腔医学院,广东省广州市  510515;南方医科大学口腔医院,2种植中心,5牙周科,广东省广州市  510280;3南方医科大学珠江医院,广东省广州市  510282;4南方医科大学深圳口腔医院(坪山),广东省深圳市  518118
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-04 接受日期:2022-12-03 出版日期:2023-12-08 发布日期:2023-04-22
  • 通讯作者: 孙天语,博士,主治医师,南方医科大学口腔医院牙周科,广东省广州市 510280
  • 作者简介:游妍,女,1993 年生,广东省兴宁市人,汉族,南方医科大学在读硕士,主要从事牙周组织再生相关研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81900956),项目负责人:吴靖漪;南方医科大学口腔医院科研培育计划项目 (PY2018036),项目负责人:孙天语;广东省基础与应用基础研究基金省市联合基金(2020A1515110852),项目负责人:孙天语

Mechanism and application of glycosaminoglycan in bone tissue engineering

You Yan1, Chen Jiawen1, Lin Binbin1, Wu Jingyi2, Liu Peng3, Wu Buling1, 4, Sun Tianyu5   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China; 2Center of Implant Dentistry, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China; 3Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, Guangdong Province, China; 4Southern Medical University-Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), Shenzhen 518118, Guangdong Province, China; 5Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-11-04 Accepted:2022-12-03 Online:2023-12-08 Published:2023-04-22
  • Contact: Sun Tianyu, MD, Attending physician, Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:You Yan, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81900956 (to WJY); the Scientific Research and Cultivation Plan Project of Stomatological Hospital of Southern Medical University, No. PY2018036 (to STY); the Foundation for Basic and Applied Basic Research of Guangdong Province, No. 2020A1515110852 (to STY)

摘要:


文题释义:

糖胺聚糖:是一类功能丰富的直链酸性多糖大分子,广泛存在于细胞外基质中,与信号分子相互作用发挥调控细胞增殖及分化等生物学功能的作用。
骨组织工程:是指将种子细胞植入具有良好生物相容性、力学性能和可降解的细胞支架中,然后将支架材料植入到骨缺损部位,在生长因子的作用下种子细胞不断增殖分化并矿化成骨达到修复骨组织缺损的目的。

背景:复杂骨缺损修复一直是临床上亟待解决的难题,利用生物功能化的组织工程材料促进骨组织再生修复是目前的研究热点之一。以往关于骨组织材料生物化修饰的研究集中于细胞内信号分子的修饰,而对胞外信号分子的修饰和调控作用研究较少。糖胺聚糖作为细胞外基质的重要信号分子,修饰于支架材料中发挥成骨作用是目前新兴研究方向。
目的:对糖胺聚糖在骨组织工程的作用机制和应用进展做一综述。
方法:检索 PubMed 数据库和中国知网收录的有关糖胺聚糖参与调控骨组织再生修复及其在骨组织工程中的作用机制与应用的文章,英文检索词为“glycosaminoglycans,proteoglycans,bone tissue engineering,bone tissue engineering materials,osteogenic differentiation”,中文检索词为“糖胺聚糖链、蛋白聚糖、骨组织工程、骨组织工程材料、成骨分化”。根据纳入与排除标准对所有文章进行初筛后,保留质量和相关性较高的文章85篇进行综述。

结果与结论:①糖胺聚糖作为细胞外基质的重要组成部分和信号分子,不仅可以与生长因子结合协助其扩散,还可以促进受体与配体之间的相互作用从而调控骨再生信号通路传导。②在骨组织工程中,糖胺聚糖经过化学修饰和交联,或与其他天然或合成聚合物联合修饰于细胞支架中支持细胞黏附和增殖,以及作为信号分子为生长因子提供结合位点稳定生长因子并促进内外源性生长因子与其相应受体结合,可以实现有效的骨组织再生。③关于糖胺聚糖在骨组织工程中的应用还有诸多问题未解决,如糖胺聚糖局部长期应用的形式和安全性、对成骨细胞命运的确切作用机制以及合成纯化等问题,还需后续研究不断完善。 

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2938-6560(游妍);https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7953-2653(孙天语)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 糖胺聚糖, 蛋白聚糖, 骨组织工程, 骨组织工程材料, 成骨分化, 成骨细胞, 骨再生

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The repair of complex bone defects remains a worldwide public health issue. Currently, utilizing biofunctionalized tissue engineering materials to achieve bone regeneration has been an important research focus. Previous studies on the biochemical repair of bone tissue focused on the exploration of intracellular signaling regulatory networks, while the modification and regulation of extracellular signaling molecules were less studied. The modification of glycosaminoglycans as important signaling molecules in the extracellular matrix to play an osteogenic role in scaffold materials is an emerging research direction.
OBJECTIVE: To review the mechanism and application of glycosaminoglycan in bone tissue engineering.
METHODS: PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for articles concerning glycosaminoglycans to regulate bone tissue regeneration and repair and its role and functional application in bone tissue engineering with the search terms “glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, bone tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering materials, osteogenic differentiation” in English and Chinese respectively. After primarily screening based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 
85 articles with high quality and relevance were included for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) As an important component of the extracellular matrix, glycosaminoglycan not only binds to growth factors to facilitate their diffusion, but also promotes the interaction between receptors and ligands to regulate the signaling pathway of bone regeneration. (2) In bone tissue engineering, glycosaminoglycans are chemically modified and cross-linked, or co-modified with other natural or synthetic polymers in cell scaffolds to support cell adhesion and proliferation, and serve as signaling molecules to provide binding sites for growth factors to stabilize growth factors and promote the binding of endogenous and exogenous growth factors to their corresponding receptors, which can achieve effective bone tissue regeneration. (3) There are still many unresolved issues regarding the application of glycosaminoglycans in bone tissue engineering, such as the form and safety of the local long-term application of glycosaminoglycan, the exact mechanism of action on the fate of osteoblasts, synthesis and purification, which needs to be further improved. 

Key words: glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, bone tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering material, osteogenic differentiation, osteoblast, bone regeneration

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