中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (34): 5455-5461.doi: 10.12307/2023.840

• 组织工程骨材料 tissue-engineered bone • 上一篇    下一篇

骨替代材料引导骨组织再生过程中白细胞介素4对破骨细胞分化的调控

李  丽1,李  骁2,李杜晨晖1,张  洁1,3,肖天骄1,康佳兵1,田  艾1   

  1. 1贵州医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院,贵州省贵阳市  550004;2贵阳市口腔医院,贵州省贵阳市  550002;3贵州中医药大学第一附属医院,贵州省贵阳市  550001
  • 收稿日期:2022-10-21 接受日期:2022-12-12 出版日期:2023-12-08 发布日期:2023-04-20
  • 通讯作者: 田艾,副教授,副主任医师,硕士生导师,贵州医科大学口腔医学院/附属口腔医院,贵州省贵阳市 550004
  • 作者简介:李丽,女,1997年生,贵州省遵义市人,苗族,贵州医科大学在读硕士,主要从事口腔种植与骨组织工程研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(81760192,82260193);项目负责人:田艾

Regulation of interleukin-4 on osteoclast differentiation during bone regeneration guided by bone replacement materials

Li Li1, Li Xiao2, Li Duchenhui1, Zhang Jie1, 3, Xiao Tianjiao1, Kang Jiabing1, Tian Ai1   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University/Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; 2Guiyang Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang 550002, Guizhou Province, China; 3The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang 550001, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2022-10-21 Accepted:2022-12-12 Online:2023-12-08 Published:2023-04-20
  • Contact: Tian Ai, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, Master’s supervisor, School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University/Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Li Li, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, Guizhou Medical University/Affiliated Stomatological Hospital, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81760192, 82260193 (to TA)

摘要:


文题释义:

极限骨缺损:是指在特定骨骼上造成的终生不能自行修复的最小缺损。 
NLRP3炎性小体:是由多种蛋白质组成的复合体,在天然免疫防御的过程中,通过活化caspase-1诱导细胞因子白细胞介素1β和白细胞介素18的成熟和分泌,参与局部炎性微环境的调控,与多种宿主免疫和炎症反应性疾病相关。

背景:研究显示,一定剂量的白细胞介素4干预可以得到适宜比例的M1/M2巨噬细胞谱,产生利于骨愈合的微环境,促进骨再生。
目的:探讨在骨替代材料引导骨组织再生的过程中,白细胞介素4对NLRP3炎性小体及破骨细胞分化的影响。
方法:选取6-8周龄雄性SD大鼠48只,在左侧颅骨制备直径5 mm的骨缺损并同期植入Bio-Oss骨替代材料,缝合骨膜。术后第3天,采用随机数字表法分为实验组与对照组,每组24只,实验组、对照组分别于骨缺损区局部注射白细胞介素4或PBS,1次/d,连续注射5 d。注射后1,2周,取颅骨样本,免疫组织化学染色检测裂解caspase-1和白细胞介素1β蛋白的表达,免疫荧光染色观察M1表面标志物(诱导型一氧化氮合酶)、NLRP3指标(裂解caspase-1)的表达,RT-qPCR检测caspase-1、白细胞介素1β及组织蛋白酶K基因的表达,抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色观察破骨细胞分化及数量。注射后6,12周,取颅骨样本,行Micro-CT检测及苏木精-伊红染色。

结果与结论:①免疫荧光染色显示,实验组注射后1,2 周的诱导型一氧化氮合酶、裂解caspase-1双染细胞数量显著少于对照组(P < 0.05);②免疫组织化学染色显示,实验组注射后1周的裂解caspase-1和白细胞介素1β蛋白的表达低于对照组(P < 0.05);③RT-qPCR检测显示,实验组注射后1周的caspase-1 mRNA表达低于对照组(P < 0.05),注射后1,2周的白细胞介素1β及组织蛋白酶K mRNA均低于对照组(P < 0.05);④抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶染色,实验组注射后1,2周的破骨细胞数量均明显少于对照组(P < 0.05);⑤Micro-CT检测显示,实验组注射后6,12周的骨缺损部位骨体积分数、骨密度值均高于对照组(P < 0.05);苏木精-伊红染色显示,注射后12周,实验组缺损中央形成多个骨化中心,散在成熟骨细胞及陷窝分布其中,可见材料周边成骨细胞大量排列成单层参与骨基质形成;⑥结果显示,白细胞介素4可能参与下调NLRP3炎性小体表达、抑制caspase-1的活化进而减少白细胞介素1β的分泌,减轻局部微环境炎性状态,同时抑制破骨细胞分化,发挥促进骨替代材料引导骨组织再生过程中新骨生成的作用。  

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0712-540X(李丽)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性组织工程

关键词: 巨噬细胞极化, 白细胞介素4, NLRP3炎性小体, 白细胞介素1β, 骨再生, 骨免疫, 骨缺损

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that a certain dose of interleukin-4 intervention can yield the appropriate ratio of M1/M2 macrophage profile to generate a microenvironment conducive to bone healing and promoting bone regeneration. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of interleukin-4 on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and osteoclast differentiation during bone tissue regeneration guided by bone replacement materials.
METHODS: Forty-eight 6-8-week-old male SD rats were selected to establish a 5-mm diameter cranial bone defect model on the left and implanted with Bio-Oss bone replacement material at the same time, and the periosteum was sutured. Rat models were randomly divided into control and experimental groups (n=24) at postoperative 3 days. Interleukin-4 and PBS were injected locally into the cranial bone defect area for the experimental and control groups, once a day, for 5 consecutive days. SD rats were executed at 1 and 2 weeks after surgery and skull samples were taken. Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression of cleaved caspase-1 and interleukin-1β protein. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to observe the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (M1 surface marker) and cleaved caspase-1 (NLRP3 indicator). Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to detect the expression of related inflammatory factors caspase-1, interleukin-1β and osteoclast factor histone K gene. The differentiation and number of osteoclasts were observed by anti-tartrate acid phosphatase staining. At 6 and 12 weeks after surgery, micro-CT and hematoxylin-eosin staining were performed to observe the osteogenesis of the skull. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Immunofluorescence staining showed that the number of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cleaved caspase-1 double-stained cells in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 1 and 2 weeks (P < 0.05). (2) Immunohistochemical staining showed that the expression of cleaved caspase-1 and interleukin-1β in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 1 week (P < 0.05). (3) RT-qPCR suggested that the expression of caspase-1 mRNA in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group at 1 week (P < 0.05). The expression intensity of interleukin-1β and osteoclast factor histone K mRNA was significantly lower in the experimental group than that in the control group at postoperative 1 and 2 weeks (P < 0.05). (4) Anti-tartrate acid phosphatase staining showed that the number of osteoclasts was significantly lower in the experimental group at 1 and 2 weeks than that in the control group (P < 0.05). (5) Micro-CT results showed that the bone volume fraction and bone mineral density in the bone defect area were significantly higher in the experimental group than those in the control group at 6 and 12 weeks after injection (P < 0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that 12 weeks after injection, multiple ossification centers were formed in the center of the defect in the experimental group, with scattered mature bone cells and lacunae, and a large number of osteoblasts around the material arranged into a single layer to participate in the formation of bone matrix. (6) The results suggest that interleukin-4 may be involved in downregulating NLRP3 inflammasome expression, inhibiting the activation of caspase-1 and thus reducing the secretion of interleukin-1β, reducing the inflammatory state of the local microenvironment, as well as inhibiting osteoclast differentiation and playing a role in promoting new bone production during bone tissue regeneration guided by bone replacement materials. 

Key words: macrophage polarization, interleukin-4, NLRP3 inflammasome, interleukin-1β, bone regeneration, bone immunity, bone defect

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