中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (19): 3083-3090.doi: 10.12307/2023.666

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    

Dlx同源盒基因在牙源性细胞成骨向分化中的作用

曾曼曼1,谭怀美2,刘  琰3   

  1. 1川北医学院口腔医学系,四川省南充市   637000;2重庆医科大学附属妇女儿童医院儿科,重庆市   400000;3遵义医科大学附属口腔医院预防与儿童牙科,贵州省遵义市   563000
  • 收稿日期:2022-02-15 接受日期:2022-09-29 出版日期:2023-07-08 发布日期:2022-11-29
  • 通讯作者: 刘琰,硕士,主治医师,遵义医科大学附属口腔医院预防与儿童牙科,贵州省遵义市 563000
  • 作者简介:曾曼曼,女,1996年生,海南省海口市人,汉族,川北医学院在读硕士,主要从事儿童颌骨生长发育机制及早期错牙合畸形矫治的基础与临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    2022年贵州省卫生健康委科学技术基金项目(gzwkj2022-167),项目负责人:刘琰

Roles of Distal-less homeobox genes in osteogenic differentiation of odontogenic cells

Zeng Manman1, Tan Huaimei2, Liu Yan3   

  1. 1Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400000, China; 3Department of Prevention and Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • Received:2022-02-15 Accepted:2022-09-29 Online:2023-07-08 Published:2022-11-29
  • Contact: Liu Yan, Master, Attending physician, Department of Prevention and Pediatric Dentistry, Hospital of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Zeng Manman, Master candidate, Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong 637000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    The Science and Technology Fund Project of Guizhou Provincial Health Commission, No. gzwkj2022-167 (to LY)

摘要:


文题释义:

Dlx同源盒基因:属于同源盒基因家族的一员,是真核生物中具有调节动植物生长发育功能的一组高度保守的基因序列,其转录因子在胚胎期和出生后生长发育中起着不可或缺的作用。Dlx基因家族可以通过调控成牙、成骨过程,在鳃弓、前脑、感觉器官和颅颌面结构发育中发挥至关重要的作用。
牙源性干细胞:指来源于牙齿组织的间充质干细胞,起源于神经嵴细胞。与其他组织来源的干细胞相比,牙源性干细胞具有许多生物学特性,在再生医学和组织工程领域引起了越来越多的关注。

背景:近年来研究发现Dlx同源盒基因在牙源性细胞成骨向分化诱导过程中发挥重要作用,可参与多种成骨相关信号通路的调控或影响成骨关键转录因子的表达,Dlx基因的这种调控作用可能为临床牙周组织再生研究提供新的思路和方法。
目的:对Dlx基因家族主要成员在牙源性细胞成骨向分化中的作用及机制的研究进展进行综述。
方法:以“distal-less homeobox gene,distal-less homeobox,dlx,dlx gene,bone-formation,osteogenesis,bone formation,ossification,ossifications,osteoclastogenesis,osteoclastogeneses,endochondral ossification,dental,oral,odontogenic,dental stem cell”及“Dlx同源盒基因,Dlx基因,Dlx,成骨,牙,牙源性,牙源性干细胞”为检索词,在 PubMed、CNKI、万方数据库中进行相关文献检索,排除质量较低及与文章主题无关的研究及试验,最后纳入82篇文献进行仔细阅读分析与总结。
结果与结论:①同源盒基因是决定机体生长发育的重要基因,同源盒基因由许多家族组成,只有一些基因家族在成骨中起作用,其中重要成骨基因家族是Dlx基因家族。牙胚的发育主要与2种同源盒基因有关:Msx基因家族和Dlx基因家族,后者在牙胚发育及牙源性细胞分化过程中起着重要的调控作用。②该研究肯定了Dlx3基因对BMP和Notch信号通路的正、负反馈调节作用,明确了Dlx3基因过表达对转录因子ZBTB16和EGR1参与的成骨诱导作用机制。③Dlx2/3/5均可在牙囊细胞中影响成骨,这可能是由于相似的同源域外部结构和染色体定位导致。④探究Dlx基因对牙组织作用时发现这些复杂的分子信号和细胞-细胞间相互有序作用化现象解释了神经嵴间充质或其结缔组织基质行为的扰动,从而导致许多口腔牙齿形态以及颌面部骨骼异常。因此,各类牙源性转录因子需要在时间和空间上以及在其定量输出方面受到严格的调节。⑤已有研究证实了Dlx基因家族在成骨细胞、成软骨细胞和间充质干细胞成骨向分化中的机制。随着技术的不断发展和研究的深入,Dlx 基因家族对牙源性细胞成骨向分化的调控与分子信号机制将进一步明确。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2517-5061 (曾曼曼);https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5261-8644 (刘琰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: Dlx同源盒基因, Dlx基因, Dlx, 成骨, 牙, 牙源性, 牙源性干细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have revealed that Distal-less(Dlx) homeobox genes play an important role in the induction of osteogenic differentiation of odontogenic cells and can participate in the regulation of various osteogenic-related signaling pathways or affect the expression of key osteogenic transcription factors. The regulatory effects of Dlx genes may provide new ideas and methods for clinical periodontal tissue regeneration studies.  
OBJECTIVE: To review research progress on the role and mechanisms of the Dlx gene family in the osteogenic differentiation of odontogenic cells.
METHODS: Literature retrieval was conducted in PubMed, CNKI, and WanFang databases. The search terms were “distal-less homeobox gene, distal-less homeobox,  Dlx, Dlx gene, bone-formation, osteogenesis, bone formation, ossification, ossifications, osteoclastogenesis, osteoclastogeneses, endochondral ossification, dental,oral, odontogenic, dental stem cell” in English and Chinese, respectively. Studies of low quality and irrelevant to the topic of the article were excluded. Finally, the included 82 articles were read, analyzed and summarized.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Homeobox genes are important genes that determine the growth and development of the body. Homeobox genes are composed of many families. Among them, the important osteogenic gene family is the Dlx gene family. The development of tooth germ is mainly related to two homeobox genes: MSX gene family and Dlx gene family. The latter plays an important role in the development of tooth germ and the differentiation of odontogenic cells. (2) The positive and negative feedback regulation of Dlx3 gene on BMP and Notch signaling pathway, and the osteogenic induction mechanism of Dlx3 gene overexpression on transcription factors zbtb16 and EGR1 are clarified. (3) Dlx2/3/5 can affect osteogenesis in dental follicle cells, which may be due to similar homologous domain external structure and chromosome localization. (4) Exploring the effects of of Dlx genes on dental tissues revealed that these complex molecular signaling and cell-cell ordering interactions involve the disturbance of the behavior of neural crest mesenchymal or its connective tissue matrix, resulting in many abnormalities of oral tooth morphology and maxillofacial bone. Therefore, all kinds of odontogenic transcription factors need to be strictly regulated in time and space and in their quantitative output. (5) Studies have confirmed the mechanism of Dlx gene family in the osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts, chondroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells. With the continuous development of technology and in-depth research, the regulation and molecular signal mechanism of Dlx gene family on osteogenic differentiation of odontogenic cells will be further clarified.

Key words: distal-less homeobox gene, Dlx gene, Dlx, bone formation, dental, odontogenic, dental stem cell

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