中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (19): 3077-3082.doi: 10.12307/2023.657

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    

牙龈间充质干细胞用于组织再生的作用与优势

程靖媛1，2，刘  玥1，2，蒋少云2   

  1. 1遵义医科大学口腔医学院，贵州省遵义市   563099；2北京大学深圳医院口腔医学中心，广东省高水平临床重点专科，广东省口腔疾病诊疗技术工程技术研究中心，广东省深圳市   518036
  • 收稿日期:2022-07-28 接受日期:2022-09-02 出版日期:2023-07-08 发布日期:2022-11-28
  • 通讯作者: 蒋少云，博士，主任医师，教授，北京大学深圳医院口腔医学中心，广东省高水平临床重点专科，广东省口腔疾病诊疗技术工程技术研究中心，广东省深圳市 518036
  • 作者简介:程靖媛，女，1996年生，河北省秦皇岛市人，汉族，遵义医科大学在读硕士，主要从事牙龈间充质干细胞的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    深圳市科创委基金(JCYJ20190809093005699)，项目负责人：蒋少云

Effects and advantages of gingival mesenchymal stem cells in tissue regeneration

Cheng Jingyuan1, 2, Liu Yue1, 2, Jiang Shaoyun2   

  1. 1School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, Guizhou Province, China; 2Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital & Guangdong Provincial High Level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-07-28 Accepted:2022-09-02 Online:2023-07-08 Published:2022-11-28
  • Contact: Jiang Shaoyun, DDS, PhD, Chief physician, Professor, Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital & Guangdong Provincial High Level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Cheng Jingyuan, Master candidate, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563099, Guizhou Province, China; Stomatological Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital & Guangdong Provincial High Level Clinical Key Specialty & Guangdong Province Engineering Research Center of Oral Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Shenzhen 518036, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission Fund, No. JCYJ20190809093005699 (to JSY)

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摘要：

文题释义：

间充质干细胞：是一类多功能干细胞，具有自我更新和多向分化的能力，在不同培养条件下可以分化为不同的细胞类型。
组织工程：将细胞生物学和生物材料结合为一体用于组织器官再生的方法，其应用中除了保证血液供应外，还包括其他3个要素：干细胞、支架材料和生长因子。

背景：牙龈是牙周复合体的关键组成部分，以其无瘢痕的创面愈合为特征。牙龈中的间充质干细胞具有多向分化潜能。近年来越来越多的研究显示牙龈间充质干细胞可用于多种组织再生。
目的：就牙龈间充质干细胞在组织再生方面的研究进展做一综述。
方法：检索近20年中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、CNKI数据库、PubMed 数据库，以“牙龈，间充质干细胞，干细胞，再生，组织，支架材料”为中文检索词，以“gingiva，mesenchymal stem cells，stem cell，regeneration，tissue，scaffold”为英文检索词，根据文题和摘要进行初步筛选，排除与文章主题不相关的文献，最终纳入60篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论：①牙龈间充质干细胞在体外诱导条件下，可分化为成骨细胞、成软骨细胞、成脂细胞、内皮细胞、听觉细胞及味蕾细胞等；②牙龈间充质干细胞与支架合用，如藻酸盐3D支架、3D打印聚乳酸支架、3D胶原支架等，可增强干细胞的组织再生潜能；③加入生物活性因子如地塞米松、骨特异性生长因子、胰岛素样生长因子等，可增强干细胞的组织再生潜能；④然而目前构建制备的牙龈间充质干细胞递送支架载体尚不理想，如较低的存活率及分化率，这提示未来研究中应将重点更侧重于如何改善支架递送载体的效率，早日实现干细胞组织再生的临床应用。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9989-9508 (程靖媛)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：干细胞；骨髓干细胞；造血干细胞；脂肪干细胞；肿瘤干细胞；胚胎干细胞；脐带脐血干细胞；干细胞诱导；干细胞分化；组织工程

关键词: 牙龈, 间充质干细胞, 支架, 生物活性因子, 组织再生, 分化

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Gingiva is one of key components in periodontal complex, which is characterized by wound healing without scar. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells have multi-directional differentiation potential. In recent years, more and more studies have demonstrated that Gingival mesenchymal stem cells can be applied in the regeneration of certain tissues.  
OBJECTIVE: To review the researches of gingival mesenchymal stem cells in tissue regeneration.
METHODS: Retrieval of related-articles in nearly 20 years was conducted via China Biology Medicine (CBM), CNKI, PubMed databases. The search terms included “gingiva, mesenchymal stem cells, stem cell, regeneration, tissue, scaffold”. After preliminary screening through reading titles and abstracts to exclude the articles that were not related to the topic, 60 articles were finally included for further analysis.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Gingival mesenchymal stem cells can be differentiated into osteoblasts, chondroblasts, lipoblasts, endothelial cells, auditory cells and taste bud cells under certain induction conditions in vitro. (2) The combination of gingival mesenchymal stem cells and scaffolds such as alginate 3D scaffolds, 3D-printed polylactic acid scaffolds and 3D collagen scaffolds, can enhance the tissue regeneration potential. (3) Bioactive factors such as dexamethasone, bone-specific growth factor and insulin-like growth factor, can also enhance the regenerative potential. (4) However, the current construction and preparation of scaffold to delivery gingival mesenchymal stem cells are not ideal such as low survival rate and differentiation rate. Future research should focus on how to improve the efficiency of scaffold in order to apply gingival mesenchymal stem cells to regenerate tissue in clinic.

Key words: gingiva, mesenchymal stem cell, scaffold, bioactive factor, tissue regeneration, differentiation

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