中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (2): 308-314.doi: 10.12307/2022.050

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

发达国家孕期运动指南及对中国孕期运动的借鉴

阚  杰   

  1. 广西科技大学体育学院,广西壮族自治区柳州市   545006
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-14 修回日期:2020-12-27 接受日期:2021-03-12 出版日期:2022-01-18 发布日期:2021-10-28
  • 作者简介:阚杰,男,1982年生,讲师,硕士,主要从事运动与健康促进的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(20YJCZH126)

Guidelines for exercise during pregnancy in developed countries and revelation for the Healthy China Action

Kan Jie   

  1. School of Physical Education, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2020-12-14 Revised:2020-12-27 Accepted:2021-03-12 Online:2022-01-18 Published:2021-10-28
  • About author:Kan Jie, Master, Lecturer, School of Physical Education, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Youth Fund Project for Humanities and Social Science Research of the Ministry of Education, No. 20YJCZH126

摘要:

文题释义:
孕期:就是怀孕周数,医学上的孕期是指从末次月经的第1天(并不是从同房的那天算起)开始,到分娩结束,通常为40周。
背景:最新一项关于定期锻炼与孕产妇和新生儿健康变量之间的关系研究发现,孕期规律运动与体质量超重胎儿、高龄妊娠体质量和骨盆疼痛负相关。对孕期运动妇女的观察研究显示,其益处包括减少妊娠糖尿病、剖宫产和手术阴道分娩以及产后恢复时间。
目的:重点对美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和英国等发达国家孕期运动指南的发展演变历史和特点进行梳理与分析,结合中国国情,为促进中国孕期运动指南的制定和推行提供借鉴和参考。
方法:通过中国知网(CNKI)、PubMed等中英文数据库及ResearchGate学术社交平台,使用“怀孕”“妊娠”“孕期”和“运动”“体育”“体力活动”及“pregnancy;exercise;Guidelines;Healthy China;maternal and child health”等检索词分别进行中文及英文组合检索,对最终纳入的相关文献进行归类、分析总结。
结果与结论:①研究表明,在经历了20世纪及以前、21世纪初期、2010年以后的3个阶段发展和演变后,发达国家的孕期运动指南呈现如下特点:以孕妇的生理解剖变化为中心,坚持疾病预防原则,注重多方位、多层级和多维度考虑,依据循证医学证据加强指南的科学性、权威性、延续性、全面性、精准性和时新性;②对健康中国妇幼健康促进行动的启示:政府、卫生和体育各部门相互配合,共同制定和推行孕期运动的指南,提升大众对孕期运动的科学认知水平;从循证医学角度,建立孕前、中、后“三期并重”的运动处方信息共享、宣传与培训体系;制订不同健康状态、运动能力和年龄段的孕期运动指南,将“避免久坐行为”“增加体力活动”作为妇幼健康促进行动的重要组成部分。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3457-2018 (阚杰) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程


关键词: 孕期, 运动, 指南, 健康中国, 妇幼健康

Abstract: BACKGROUND: A recent study on the relationship between regular exercise and maternal and newborn health variables found that regular exercise during pregnancy is negatively correlated with overweight fetuses, body mass of pregnant women at an older age, and pelvic pain. Observational studies on exercise during pregnancy have shown that its benefits include reduced gestational diabetes, cesarean section and surgical vaginal delivery, and postpartum recovery time.
OBJECTIVE: To emphatically analyze the developmental history and characteristics of the guidelines for exercise during pregnancy in the United States, Canada, Australia and Britain and to provide references for promoting the establishment and implementation of China’s exercise guidelines for pregnancy based on actual conditions. 
METHODS: CNKI, PubMed, ResearchGate and other databases were searched for relevant literatures using the following search terms: “pregnancy; exercise; guidelines; Healthy China; maternal and child health” for combined search. Finally, included literatures were categorized, analyzed and summarized.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After experiencing three stages of development and evolution in the 20th century and before, the early 21st century and after 2010, the guidelines for exercise during pregnancy in developed countries focus on physiological and anatomical changes during pregnancy and insist on the principle of disease prevention, take into consideration the situation multi-dimensionally, multi-levelly and multi-dimensionally, and use the method of evidence-based medicine to strengthen the guidelines scientifically, authoritatively, continually, roundly, accurately and timely. The revelations for the Healthy China Action are that: departments of government, health and sports should cooperate to develop and implement the guidelines for exercise during pregnancy for improving public awareness of exercise during pregnancy; from the view of the evidence-based medicine, information platform should be built to share, preach and train exercise prescription including pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and after delivery; develop the guidelines for exercise during pregnancy of varying health levels, exercise performance and ages, adding “avoiding sedentary behavior” and “increasing physical activity” as an important component of maternal and child health promotion action. 

Key words: pregnancy, exercise, guideline, Healthy China, maternal and child health

中图分类号: