中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (3): 390-396.doi: 10.12307/2022.064

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

单髁置换与胫骨高位截骨后运动学参数的变化

刘少华1,2,周观明2,陈希聪2,肖可明2,蔡  剑2,刘效仿1,2   

  1. 1广州中医药大学附属佛山中医院,广东省佛山市   528000;2佛山市中医院骨十科,广东省佛山市   528000
  • 收稿日期:2020-10-19 修回日期:2020-10-22 接受日期:2020-12-07 出版日期:2022-01-28 发布日期:2021-10-27
  • 通讯作者: 刘效仿,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,广州中医药大学附属佛山中医院,广东省佛山市 528000;佛山市中医院骨十科,广东省佛山市 528000
  • 作者简介:刘少华,男,1982年生,河北省邢台市人,主治医师,广州中医药大学在读博士,目前就职于佛山市中医院,主要从事骨关节疾病的损伤与治疗研究。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省医学科学技术研究(20161181228306),项目参与者:刘少华

Changes in kinematic parameters after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and high tibial osteotomy

Liu Shaohua1, 2, Zhou Guanming2, Chen Xicong2, Xiao Keming2, Cai Jian2, Liu Xiaofang1, 2   

  1. 1Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Tenth Department of Bone, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-10-19 Revised:2020-10-22 Accepted:2020-12-07 Online:2022-01-28 Published:2021-10-27
  • Contact: Liu Xiaofang, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; Tenth Department of Bone, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Liu Shaohua, Attending physician, doctoral candidate, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; Tenth Department of Bone, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Research on Medical Science and Technology in Guangdong Province, No. 20161181228306 (to LSH)

摘要:

文题释义:
胫骨高位截骨:通过胫骨近端截骨,将力线从磨损的内侧间室转移至正常的外侧间室,延缓内侧间室的破坏,延长膝关节的使用寿命,延缓或避免行膝关节置换。
单髁置换:其置换范围局限在单侧髁,单髁关节置换的目的是尽可能保留正常的关节结构,以期获得更好的功能恢复,目前临床上有活动平台和固定平台两种单髁假体。

背景:单髁置换和胫骨高位截骨是治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的两种有效术式,但目前仍缺乏中长期疗效观察,且未有研究将两种方法治疗后的运动学参数进行分析比较。
目的:探讨单髁置换与胫骨高位截骨治疗膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎的临床疗效及运动学参数差异。
方法:回顾性收集2016年1月至2017年6月佛山市中医院骨科收治并符合纳入标准的97例膝关节内侧间室骨关节炎患者的临床资料,根据治疗方式不同分为2组,其中单髁置换组49例,胫骨高位截骨组48例。记录比较两组患者治疗前及治疗后1,2,3年膝关节活动度、Lysholm膝关节评分、Tegner膝关节运动评分、胫股角,同时采用 Opti-Knee 膝关节三维运动分析系统记录治疗前、治疗后1,2,3年膝关节在步态过程中三维六自由度活动范围。
结果与结论:①两组患者手术切口均Ⅰ期愈合且无内植物相关并发症发生,所有患者均获得随访;②两组患者治疗后3年膝关节活动度、Tegner 膝关节评分、Lysholm 膝关节评分、胫股角、膝关节运动学参数均较治疗前明显改善(P < 0.05);然而两组间比较各指标差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③结果提示,对于膝关节内侧单间室骨性关节炎患者,单髁置换和胫骨高位截骨均能有效改善膝关节功能并矫正畸形,并且能够有效改善运动步态参数,两种治疗方式疗效相当,但远期疗效有待进一步研究。
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9062-8026 (刘少华) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 膝关节, 内侧间室, 骨关节炎, 单髁置换术, 胫骨高位截骨术, 疗效, 运动学参数

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and high tibial osteotomy are two effective methods for the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee. However, there is still a lack of medium and long-term efficacy observation, and there is no study to analyze and compare the postoperative kinematic parameters of the two.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy and kinematic parameters of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and high tibial osteotomy in the treatment of medial compartment osteoarthritis of the knee.
METHODS:  Clinical data of 97 patients with osteoarthritis in the medial compartment of the knee who were admitted to the Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2016 to June 2017 and met the inclusion criteria were retrospectively collected. According to different surgical methods, they were divided into two groups, including 49 cases in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty group and 48 cases in high tibial osteotomy group. The range of motion, Lysholm knee score, Tegner knee motion score and tibiofemoral angle of the two groups were recorded and compared before operation and 1, 2, 3 years after operation. Simultaneously, Opti-Knee three-dimensional motion analysis system was used to record the three-dimensional six degree of freedom range of motion of knee joint during gait before and 1, 2, 3 years after operation.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Both groups of patients healed by first intention and had no complications related to endophytes. All patients were followed up. (2) The range of motion, Tegner knee score, Lysholm knee score, tibiofemoral angle and knee kinematics parameters of the two groups were significantly improved 3 years after operation (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in above indexes between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) It is suggested that both unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and high tibial osteotomy can effectively improve knee joint function and correct deformity, and can effectively improve gait parameters for patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis of knee joint. The curative effect of the two methods is similar, but the long-term efficacy needs further study.

Key words: knee joint, medial compartment, osteoarthritis, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty, high tibial osteotomy, efficacy, kinematic parameter

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