中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 798-803.doi: 10.12307/2022.130

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

运动调节阿尔茨海默症成年海马神经发生的作用及机制

唐纪平,张业廷   

  1. 成都大学体育学院,四川省成都市   610106
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-21 修回日期:2020-12-24 接受日期:2021-01-16 出版日期:2022-02-18 发布日期:2021-12-02
  • 通讯作者: 张业廷,成都大学体育学院,四川省成都市 610106
  • 作者简介:唐纪平,男,1989年生,湖南省芷江侗族自治县人,汉族,2016年成都体育学院毕业,硕士,讲师,主要从事运动与健康促进方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划项目(2020YFH0184),课题名称:运动诱导成年神经发生改善AD认知的机制研究,项目负责人:张业廷

Exercise regulates adult hippocampal neurogenesis in Alzheimer’s disease: mechanism and role

Tang Jiping, Zhang Yeting   

  1. College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-21 Revised:2020-12-24 Accepted:2021-01-16 Online:2022-02-18 Published:2021-12-02
  • Contact: Zhang Yeting, College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Tang Jiping, Master, Lecturer, College of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Planning Project, No. 2020YFH0184 (to ZYT)

摘要:

文题释义:
阿尔茨海默症:具有复杂的病理生物学特征,是一种常发生在老年和老年前期的慢性中枢神经系统退行性病变,属于痴呆形式中最常见的一种。其发病与多种因素的参与有关,包括遗传因素、免疫因素和环境因素等。
成年海马神经发生:成年神经发生指的是在整个生命过程中都会有从神经干细胞或神经祖细胞所产生的神经细胞类型。在正常情况下,成年神经发生能够在侧脑室的三角下区和海马齿状回的亚颗粒区被检测到。在海马齿状回的神经发生,称之为成年海马神经发生,其新生神经元可与齿状回颗粒细胞的神经网络相结合,因此海马回路的可塑性要依赖于成年海马神经发生。

背景:研究发现,运动可以调节成年海马神经发生,并改善阿尔茨海默症患者的认知功能。然而,运动如何影响成年海马神经发生及改善阿尔茨海默症患者认知功能的机制并不清楚。
目的:分析总结运动如何影响成年海马神经发生,以及成年海马神经发生在运动改善阿尔茨海默症中的作用机制。
方法:以中文检索词(运动,神经发生,阿尔兹海默病,认知)及英文检索词(exercise,neurogenesis,AHN,Alzheimer’s disease,aging,cognition)分别检索CNKI、Web of Science数据库(包含WOS,DIIDW,INSPEC,KJD,MEDLINE,RSCI,SCIELO)等国内外数据库,检索时间截止至2020年12月,查询运动影响阿尔茨海默症及成年海马神经发生的相关研究,然后按照一定逻辑进行分析和综述。
结果与结论:①运动可以通过增加星形胶质细胞的增殖和葡萄糖转运蛋白1、血管内皮生长因子、脑源性神经营养因子等的分泌来调节神经源龛的整体动态平衡,从而促进阿尔茨海默症患者成年海马神经发生过程;②然而这一过程会受到谷氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、5-羟色胺、血管内皮生长因子、N-甲基-d-天冬氨酸、脑源性神经营养因子等介质、生长因子或神经营养因子的影响。
缩略语:成年海马神经发生:adult hippocampal neurogenesis,AHN

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2879-8854 (张业廷) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 运动, 阿尔茨海默症, 成年海马神经发生, 认知, 神经营养因子

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have found that exercise can regulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improve cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. However, the mechanism by which exercise affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and improves cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer’s disease is not clear.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize how exercise affects adult hippocampal neurogenesis and the mechanism of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in improving Alzheimer’s disease.
METHOD: Literature search (from inception to December 2020) was performed in CNKI and Web of Science databases (including WOS, DIIDW, INSPEC, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, SCIELO) using “exercise, neurogenesis, AHN, Alzheimer’s disease, aging, cognition” as keywords, to investigate the effects of exercise on Alzheimer’s disease and adult hippocampal neurogenesis. All enrolled literatures were analyzed and reviewed according to certain logic. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Exercise can regulate the overall dynamic balance of neuronal niche by increasing the proliferation of astrocytes and enhancing the secretion of glucose transporter 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, so as to promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis in patients with Alzheimer’s disease patients. However, this process is affected by mediators, growth factors or neurotrophic factors, such as glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, 5-hydroxytryptamine, vascular endothelial growth factor, N-methyl-d-aspartic acid, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor.

Key words: exercise, Alzheimer’s disease, adult hippocampal neurogenesis, cognition, neurotrophic factor

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