中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (5): 717-723.doi: 10.12307/2022.117

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

运动预适应干预压力超负荷心肌重构模型小鼠的心肌功能及细胞凋亡

邓  爽1,2,蒲  锐2,陈子扬2,张建超2,袁凌燕2   

  1. 1上海师范大学天华学院健康学院,上海市   201815;2上海师范大学体育学院,上海市   200234
  • 收稿日期:2021-03-15 修回日期:2021-03-20 接受日期:2021-04-15 出版日期:2022-02-18 发布日期:2021-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 袁凌燕,博士,教授,博士生导师,上海师范大学体育学院,上海市 200234
  • 作者简介:邓爽,女,1994年生,辽宁省朝阳市人,汉族,2020年上海师范大学毕业,硕士,康复治疗师,主要从事运动健康促进、运动与心血管疾病的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31371196),项目负责人:袁凌燕

Effects of exercise preconditioning on myocardial protection and apoptosis in a mouse model of myocardial remodeling due to early stress overload

Deng Shuang1, 2, Pu Rui2, Chen Ziyang2, Zhang Jianchao2, Yuan Lingyan2    

  1. 1School of Health, Tianhua College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201815, China; 2School of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Received:2021-03-15 Revised:2021-03-20 Accepted:2021-04-15 Online:2022-02-18 Published:2021-11-02
  • Contact: Yuan Lingyan, MD, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, School of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • About author:Deng Shuang, Master, Rehabilitative therapist, School of Health, Tianhua College, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 201815, China; School of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31371196 (to YLY)

摘要:

文题释义:
心肌肥厚:是指心肌组织在超负荷状态下的一种代偿性反应,以心肌总量增加、心肌细胞蛋白质合成增加、心肌收缩能力加强为主要特征。
运动预适应对压力超负荷小鼠心肌的保护作用:研究已证明运动预适应对心脏具有正向的保护效应,运动预适应通过调节相关蛋白或基因的表达,减轻压力超负荷小鼠的病理性心肌肥厚、心肌纤维化、心肌重构等,提高小鼠心脏功能,延缓压力超负荷小鼠心衰进程,从而发挥心脏保护效应,但其机制尚未阐明。


背景:研究已表明长期规律有氧运动不仅能降低血压,还具有改善高血压病理性心肌肥厚、心肌纤维化致心室重构的作用。
目的:探讨游泳运动预处理对压力超负荷代偿期小鼠心肌凋亡与心肌重构的影响。
方法:选取六七周龄雄性C57B/L6小鼠随机分为对照组、运动组、手术组、手术运动组。运动组和手术运动组小鼠进行4周的游泳运动(90 min/次,2次/d,7 d/周);在完成游泳运动后,手术组和手术运动组2组小鼠进行主动脉缩窄手术建立压力超负荷心肌重构模型,采用27G针头结扎,使主动脉缩窄70%以上;对照组小鼠进行假手术只穿线不结扎。2周后进行心脏超声检测并取材,观察心肌细胞的凋亡情况。采用Western Blot方法检测小鼠心肌组织中热休克蛋白70、P53蛋白的表达水平;RT-PCR方法检测小鼠P53、Bcl-2、Bax基因的表达水平。
结果与结论:①主动脉缩窄手术后2周小鼠心脏处于代偿期,与对照组相比,手术组的心重指数,左室短轴缩窄率均明显升高(P < 0.01),心室壁厚度与心肌纤维化显著增加(P < 0.01),心功能无显著下降;手术运动组心室壁厚度明显小于手术组(P < 0.05),心肌纤维化水平与凋亡细胞计数显著降低(P < 0.01);②与对照组相比,手术组P53蛋白表达量显著增加(P < 0.01),热休克蛋白70 蛋白表达量显著下降(P < 0.01);与手术组相比,手术运动组P53蛋白表达量下降(P < 0.05),热休克蛋白70蛋白表达量升高(P<0.05);③与对照组相比,手术组Bax mRNA和P53 mRNA表达增多(P < 0.01),而Bcl-2 mRNA 表达量和Bcl-2/Bax 值下降(P < 0.01);与手术组相比,手术运动组Bax mRNA表达水平下降(P < 0.05),P53 mRNA表达水平下降(P < 0.01),Bcl-2 mRNA表达水平和Bcl-2/Bax比值明显升高(P < 0.01);④结果提示,小鼠心脏在2周的主动脉缩窄手术后处于病理性心肌肥厚的代偿期,4周的运动预适应可增强压力超负荷早期小鼠的心功能,维持并延缓早期心肌代偿重构发生的病理发展。运动预适应诱导的心肌保护作用可能与上调心肌保护蛋白热休克蛋白70、促进心肌抗凋亡因子Bcl-2、抑制促凋亡因子P53和Bax表达有关,从而抑制心肌细胞凋亡。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2711-0416 (邓爽) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 运动预适应, 高血压, 心肌重构, 热休克蛋白, 细胞凋亡

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that long-term regular aerobic exercises can lower blood pressure and improve ventricular remodeling caused by hypertensive myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of swimming exercise preconditioning on myocardial apoptosis and remodeling in mice during pressure overload compensatory period.
METHODS: Male C57B/L6 mice aged 6-7 weeks were randomly divided into control group, exercise group, operation group and operation+exercise group. Mice in the exercise and operation+exercise groups were subjected to 4-week swimming exercises (90 minutes per session, twice per day, and 7 days per week). Transverse aorta constriction was then used to construct a model of myocardial remodeling in the operation and operation+exercise groups. The aorta was ligated with a 27G needle to make the aorta constricted by more than 70%. Two weeks later, cardiac ultrasonography was performed and myocardial samples were collected to observe the apoptosis of myocardial cells. The expression levels of heat shock protein 70 and P53 proteins in mouse myocardial tissue were detected by western blot. The expression levels of P53, Bcl-2 and Bax in mice were detected by RT-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The heart was in the compensatory stage at 2 weeks after TAC surgery. Compared with the control group, the heart weight index and left ventricular shorting rate were significantly increased in the operation group (P < 0.01), the ventricular wall thickness and myocardial fibrosis were significantly increased (P < 0.01), but the heart function was not significantly decreased. Compared with the operation group, the ventricular wall thickness was significantly lower in the operation+exercise group (P < 0.05), and the level of myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis cell count were significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Western blot results showed that compared with the control group, the protein expression of P53 in the operation group was significantly increased (P < 0.01), and the protein expression of heat shock protein 70 was significantly decreased (P < 0.01). Compared with the operation group, the protein expression of P53 in the operation+exercise group was decreased (P < 0.05), and the protein expression of heat shock protein 70 was increased (P < 0.05). RT-PCR results showed that compared with the control group, the expression of Bax mRNA and P53 mRNA in the operation group was increased (P < 0.01), while the expression of Bcl-2 mRNA and Bcl-2/Bax value decreased (P < 0.01). Compared with the operation group, the expression level of Bax mRNA was decreased (P < 0.05), the expression level of P53 mRNA was decreased (P < 0.01), the expression level of Bcl-2 mRNA was increased (P < 0.01), and the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax was significantly increased (P < 0.01). To conclude, the mouse heart is in the compensatory phase of pathological myocardial hypertrophy after 2 weeks of aortic constriction surgery. A 4-week exercise preconditioning can enhance the mouse heart function in the early stage of pressure overload, and maintain and delay the pathological development of compensatory myocardial remodeling in the early stage. The myocardial protection induced by exercise preconditioning may be related to the up-regulation of heat shock protein 70 and Bcl-2 expression and the inhibition of P53 and Bax expression, thereby inhibiting myocardial cell apoptosis.

Key words: exercise preconditioning, hypertension, myocardial remodeling, heat shock protein, apoptosis

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