中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (20): 3246-3251.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3206

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

骨关节炎软骨细胞自噬及丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路的调控

童  洁1,2,廖  瑛1,2,陈政宇3,孙光华1,2   

  1. 南华大学附属第一医院,1康复医学科,康复医学中心,2康复医学实验室,3脊柱外科,湖南省衡阳市   421001
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-09 修回日期:2020-09-01 接受日期:2020-10-09 出版日期:2021-07-18 发布日期:2021-01-18
  • 通讯作者: 孙光华,硕士,主治医师,南华大学附属第一医院,康复医学科,康复医学中心,康复医学实验室,湖南省衡阳市 421001
  • 作者简介:童洁,女,1996年生,南华大学附属第一医院在读硕士,主要从事骨关节炎的康复临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81804155),项目负责人:孙光华

Osteoarthritic chondrocyte autophagy and regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway

Tong Jie1, 2, Liao Ying1, 2, Chen Zhengyu3, Sun Guanghua1, 2     

  1. 1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Center, 2Rehabilitation Medicine Laboratory, 3Department of Spine Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2020-08-09 Revised:2020-09-01 Accepted:2020-10-09 Online:2021-07-18 Published:2021-01-18
  • Contact: Sun Guanghua, Master, Attending physician, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Center, Rehabilitation Medicine Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Tong Jie, Master candidate, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rehabilitation Medicine Center, Rehabilitation Medicine Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81804155 (to SGH)

摘要:

文题释义:
骨关节炎:是一种退行性骨关节疾病,好发生于中老年人,多种因素可造成软骨的损失,硬骨之间失去了软骨的保护,磨损增加。骨关节炎可发生于全身数处关节,其中以膝骨关节炎最常见,骨关节炎致残率较高,关节内注射玻璃酸钠、非类固醇抗炎药、物理治疗及关节置换都是骨关节炎的常见治疗方式。但无论是哪一种方式都无法根治,因此如何无创、有效地治疗骨关节炎成为临床的难题。 
MAPK信号通路:丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)通路可以调节细胞增殖、自噬、凋亡、炎症、癌肿等。其家族包括细胞外信号调节蛋白激酶(细胞外信号调节激酶1/2、细胞外信号调节激酶5)、C-JUN氨基酸末端激酶(JNK1/2/3)和p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)信号通路。细胞外信号、肿瘤生长因子、炎症因子、物理刺激等均可诱导MAPK信号通路的激活,通过三级级联反应,放大刺激,传递信号到细胞内引起相关反应。MAPK信号通路通过调节关节中软骨细胞自噬对软骨细胞数量及代谢平衡产生重要作用。
自噬:自噬是机体完成自我吞噬的过程,在此过程中机体将衰老、损伤的蛋白质等运送到溶酶体,进行降解后再利用。这一过程在真核生物中较为广泛,是生长、发育与稳态的常规步骤,对于维持细胞存活和机体稳态具有重要意义。在人体中,随着衰老,软骨细胞数量逐渐减少,而自噬的激活可以抑制这种因为衰老造成的软骨细胞减少,从而抑制软骨细胞外基质的减少,起到对关节软骨的保护作用。

背景:近些年来,随着对骨关节炎研究的持续推进,发现丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路对软骨细胞自噬有关键的调控作用,这对治疗骨关节炎来说意义深远。 
目的:据近年来丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路调控软骨细胞自噬及骨关节炎的机制和主流研究结果做出概述,目的是为骨关节炎的进一步治疗提供理论基础。 
方法:检索2010年1月至2020年6月在PubMed、万方、中国知网、维普和中国生物医学文献数据库发表的相关中英文文献,检索内容包括:①骨关节炎的流行病学及病变机制研究文献;②丝裂原活化蛋白激酶通路调节自噬的机制研究文献;③丝裂原活化蛋白激酶通路对软骨细胞自噬的作用及其对软骨调节作用的研究文献;④软骨细胞自噬对骨关节炎形成及进展的影响及其相关影响因素。经筛选后,选取59篇文献进行分析总结。 
结果与结论:①总结了丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路对软骨细胞自噬相关因素调控的肯定作用,在了解相关通路机制的基础上,提出新兴干预措施,提高骨关节炎治愈率,也给患者及其家属带来了新希望;②针对骨关节炎病程进展的各个阶段,如何利用药物去调控丝裂原活化蛋白激酶信号通路治疗骨关节炎是一个棘手的问题,仍需研究人员进行深入探索。 


关键词: 骨关节炎, 软骨细胞, 自噬, 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, along with the continuing research of osteoarthritis, it has been reported that the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway plays a pivotal and key role in autophagy of chondrocytes, which is of great significance for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
OBJECTIVE: To make a brief outline of the mechanism and mainstream studies of MAPK signaling pathways regulating the osteoarthritis lately, thereby providing fundamental basis for further osteoarthritis treatment.
METHODS: PubMed, WanFang, CNKI, VIP and CBM databases were searched for relevant Chinese and English literatures published from January 2010 to June 2020, including (1) epidemiological and pathological studies of osteoarthritis; (2) mechanisms by which MAPK signaling pathway regulates autophagy; (3) effects of MAPK signaling pathway on chondrocyte autophagy and regulation of cartilage; and (4) effects of chondrocyte autophagy on the formation and progression of osteoarthritis and its related elements. A total of 59 literatures were selected for final analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The MAPK signaling pathway has been proved to be effective in the regulation of autophagy in chondrocytes. Based on the cognition of relative signaling pathways, new methods have been developed to improve the cure rate of osteoarthritis, which brings new hopes for patients and their families. How to use drugs to regulate MAPK signaling pathway is a tough nut in the treatment of osteoarthritis at different stages, which requires further investigations.

Key words: osteoarthritis, chondrocytes, autophagy, mitogen-activated protein kinase, review

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