中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (31): 4994-5001.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2130

• 干细胞移植 stem cell transplantation • 上一篇    下一篇

非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植治疗重型再生障碍性贫血的有效性

张素平,孙  玲,万鼎铭,曹伟杰,李  丽,刘长凤,刘玉峰,王  叨,郭  荣,姜中兴,谢新生   

  1. 郑州大学第一附属医院血液科造血干细胞移植中心,河南省郑州市  450052
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-13 修回日期:2020-01-15 接受日期:2020-03-18 出版日期:2020-11-08 发布日期:2020-09-04
  • 通讯作者: 孙玲,博士,教授,主任医师,博士生导师,郑州大学第一附属医院血液科造血干细胞移植中心,河南省郑州市 450052 万鼎铭,博士,教授,主任医师,硕士生导师,郑州大学第一附属医院血液科造血干细胞移植中心,河南省郑州市 450052
  • 作者简介:张素平,女,1986年生,河南省禹州市人,汉族,郑州大学在职博士研究生,主治医师,主要从事造血系统疾病、造血干细胞移植的基础和临床研究。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(18A320040)

Effectiveness of unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia

Zhang Suping, Sun Ling, Wan Dingming, Cao Weijie, Li Li, Liu Changfeng, Liu Yufeng, Wang Dao, Guo Rong, Jiang Zhongxing, Xie Xinsheng   

  1. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2020-01-13 Revised:2020-01-15 Accepted:2020-03-18 Online:2020-11-08 Published:2020-09-04
  • Contact: Sun Ling, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China Wan Dingming, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Suping, In-service doctoral student, Attending physician, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Center, Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Key Scientific Research Project Plan of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province, No. 18A320040

摘要:

文题释义:

非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植:由于中华骨髓库的快速扩容,使得很多无HLA相合同胞供者的患者非血缘HLA配型成功,随着近期造血干细胞移植技术的不断完善,非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植治疗良性和恶性血液病的疗效已经取得与同胞相合造血干细胞移植相似的疗效。

非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植治疗重型再生障碍性贫血:重型再生障碍性贫血如没有进行有效治疗,短期内死亡率高,强化免疫抑制治疗起效需要时间较长。虽然同胞相合造血干细胞移植是一线治疗方法,但多数患者无同胞相合供者,此类重型再生障碍性贫血患者非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植是有效可行的替代治疗方案。

背景:重型再生障碍性贫血患者获得同胞相合造血干细胞移植供者的概率低于30%,随着近期非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植技术的不断完善,其治疗良性和恶性血液病已经达到与同胞相合造血干细胞移植相似的疗效。

目的:评价非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植治疗重型再生障碍性贫血的有效性和安全性。

方法:回顾性分析20143月至20199月期间接受非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植治疗的25例重型再生障碍性贫血(Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型)患者,均无同胞相合供者并且拒绝接受免疫抑制治疗。移植预处理方案为氟达拉滨+环磷酰胺+兔抗人胸腺细胞球蛋白抗体。移植物抗宿主病的预防方案为环孢素+吗替麦考酚酯+短程甲氨蝶呤。观察指标包括植入率及造血重建时间、移植物抗宿主病发生率、移植相关并发症发生率、5年预计总生存率、5年预计无病生存率。该临床研究的实施获得郑州大学第一附属医院伦理委员会批准,患者及亲属签署非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植相关知情同意书。

结果与结论①25例重型再生障碍性贫血患者中有3例移植后+28 d之内死亡,无法评价植入情况。剩余22例患者中有21(95.4%)获得造血重建,植入成功;1(4.6%)植入失败。中性粒细胞≥0.5×109 L-1和血小板≥20×109 L-1的中位时间分别为12 d(9-18 d)13 d(10-32 d)。②植入成功的21例患者中,急性移植物抗宿主病发生率为28.6%(6/21),其中Ⅰ-Ⅱ3例,Ⅲ-Ⅳ3例。轻度慢性移植物抗宿主病患者仅有9.5%(2/21),无中度和重度慢性移植物抗宿主病发生。③中位随访396 d(15-1 886 d)18(72.0%)存活,5年预计总生存率为71.1%5年预计无病生存率为65.6%7(28.0%)死亡,其中3(12.0%)患者死于感染,2(8.0%)患者死于急性肠道移植物抗宿主病,1(4.0%)患者死于颅内出血,1(4.0%)患者死于多器官功能衰竭。④结果显示,对于无同胞相合供者的重型再生障碍性贫血患者,非血缘外周血造血干细胞移植是安全有效的治疗方法,是一项可行有益的替代治疗选择。

ORCID: 0000-0002-0880-309X(张素平)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 干细胞, 再生障碍性贫血,  重型,  造血干细胞移植,  非血缘相合,  植入率,  移植物抗宿主病

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The probability of obtaining sibling-matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation donors for patients with severe aplastic anemia is less than 30%. With the recent improvement of unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, the efficacy of unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the treatment of benign and malignant hematological diseases has reached a result similar to that of sibling-matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in the treatment of severe aplastic anemia.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis was made in 25 severe aplastic anemia (type I and type II) patients who received unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from March 2014 to September 2019. All of them were sibling-matched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation-free patients who refused to accept immunosuppressive therapy. The transplantation pretreatment regimen was “fludarabine + cyclophosphamide + rabbit anti-human thymocyte globulin antibody”, and the prevention scheme of graft-versus-host disease was “cyclosporine + mycophenolate mofetil + short-term methotrexate”. The observation indicators included implantation rate, hematopoietic reconstitution time, incidence of graft-versus-host disease, incidence of transplantation-related complications, 5-year estimated overall survival rate and 5-year estimated disease-free survival rate. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. Patients and their family members signed the informed consent on unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Three of the 25 patients died within 28 days after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and the implantation could not be evaluated. Of the remaining 22 patients, 21 cases (95.4%) obtained hematopoietic reconstitution and the implantation was successful; 1 case (4.6%) failed. The median time of neutrophil ≥ 0.5×109 L-1 and platelet ≥ 20×109 L-1 was 12 days (9-18 days) and 13 days (10-32 days), respectively. (2) Among the 21 patients with successful implantation, the incidence of acute graft-versus-host disease was 28.6% (6/21), including I-II degree in 3 cases and III–IV degree in 3 cases. There were only 9.5% patients with mild chronic graft-versus-host disease (2/21), and no moderate and severe chronic graft-versus-host disease occurred. (3) During the median follow-up of 396 days (15-1 886 days), 18 cases (72.0%) survived; the 5-year estimated overall survival rate was 71.1%; and the 5-year estimated disease-free survival rate was 65.6%. Totally 7 cases (28.0%) died, of which 3 cases (12.0%) died of infection, 2 cases (8.0%) died of acute intestinal graft-versus-host disease, 1 case (4.0%) died of intracranial hemorrhage, and 1 case (4.0%) died of multiple organ failure. (4) The results show that unrelated peripheral blood stem cell transplantation is a safe and effective treatment for severe aplastic anemia patients without sibling matching donor, and it is a feasible and useful alternative therapy.

Key words: stem cells,  aplastic anemia,  severe, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,  HLA-matched unrelated,  implantation rate,  graft-versus-host disease 

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