中国组织工程研究 ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (13): 2107-2112.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1646

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

再生医学治疗新选择:间充质干细胞来源的外泌体

高 坤1,朱文秀2,刘伟东1,余伟吉1,王立新1,曹亚飞1   

  1. 1深圳市中医院骨伤科,广东省深圳市 518000;2北京中医药大学深圳医院,广东省深圳市 518100
  • 出版日期:2019-05-08 发布日期:2019-05-08
  • 通讯作者: 曹亚飞,博士,主任医师,深圳市中医院骨伤科,广东省深圳市 518000
  • 作者简介:高坤,男,1987年生,山东省济南市人,汉族,2016年南方医科大学毕业,博士,主治医师,主要从事中医药治疗骨与关节疾病的相关研究。
  • 基金资助:

    深圳市医疗“三名工程”(SZSM201812066),项目负责人:曹亚飞

A new choice for regenerative medicine treatment: mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes

Gao Kun1, Zhu Wenxiu2, Liu Weidong1, Yu Weiji1, Wang Lixin1, Cao Yafei1   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Shenzhen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen 518100, Guangdong Province, China
  • Online:2019-05-08 Published:2019-05-08
  • Contact: Cao Yafei, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Gao Kun, MD, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the "Three Famous Projects" for Medical Treatment in Shenzhen, No. SZSM201812066 (to CYF)

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 


文题释义:
外泌体:
在人体体液中广泛存在,由细胞分泌的一类特殊的胞外囊泡,其直径为40-150 nm,密度为1.09-1.18 g/mL。外泌体是细胞与细胞之间进行交流的工具,是间充质干细胞分泌的重要组成部分。
外泌体治疗的优势:在再生医学领域,外泌体治疗相比于干细胞直接治疗更具有优势,体现在外泌体的应用能够使转移过程更加安全;间充质干细胞来源外泌体在安全性、作用剂量、作用效果方面优于传统药物;内容物能够长时间存在而不受潜在的毒性物质的损害;在临床应用过程中避免了侵入性细胞收集过程,从而更经济和更具有操作性;在特定的实验条件下,通过特制的细胞株进行大规模生产,从而更便利的提供生物活性因子;维持和扩增培养干细胞的成本和时间大幅下降;最后,用于治疗的生物产品能够修饰为特定的特异性细胞分子。

 

摘要
背景:
近期研究证实,间充质干细胞的直接治疗作用存在局限性,而其分泌功能越来越受到重视。外泌体是细胞内部的胞内体与细胞膜融合释放到细胞外的膜性囊泡,是细胞与细胞之间进行交流的工具,是间充质干细胞分泌的重要组成部分。
目的:对间充质干细胞外泌体在组织修复过程中的作用进行总结分析,以期为再生医学的基础研究和临床防治提供新的方向和思路。
方法:以“exosomes,extravesicles,MSCs,mesenchymal stem cells,regenerative medicine”为英文检索词,通过计算机检索PubMed数据库与Embase数据库;以“再生医学,组织修复,外泌体,间充质干细胞”为中文关键词,计算机检索CNKI、万方、维普数据库近10年内文献,纳入描述间充质干细胞来源外泌体的特性及修复作用的文章,排除个例报道、回复信、会议摘要及国内外灰色文献、研究质量较低的文章。
结果与结论:间充质干细胞在体内的总体含量很低,存活时间很短,往往达不到起效的时间。间充质干细胞分泌的外泌体含有遗传信息,能够远距离长时间运输,具有作用于靶细胞的能力,其在保护和营养神经组织、血管再生的调控、内脏疾病组织修复、伤口愈合和组织修复、骨骼及软骨的再生等方面具有重要作用。


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程
ORCID:
0000-0003-1400-286X(高坤)

关键词: 外泌体, 间充质干细胞, 组织修复, 再生医学, 血管再生, 干细胞外泌体, 靶细胞, 干细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have confirmed that direct therapy of mesenchymal stem cells has limitations, and their secretory function has been paid more and more attention. Exosomes are membrane vesicles released from the fusion of intracellular bodies and cell membranes inside the cells, which are tools for cell-to-cell communication and an important part of the secretion of mesenchymal stem cells.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze the role of mesenchymal stem cell exosomes in tissue repair, in order to provide new directions and ideas for basic research and clinical prevention and treatment of regenerative medicine.
METHODS: PubMed database and Embase database were retrieved by computer with the English words of “exosomes, extravesicles, MSCs, mesenchymal stem cells, regenerative medicine”; CNKI database, WanFang database and VIP database were retrieved by computer with the Chinese key words of “regenerative medicine, tissue repair, exosome, mesenchymal stem cells”. Articles describing the characteristics and repair effects of exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in the past 10 years were included, and case reports, reply letters, summaries of conferences, gray literature at home and abroad, and articles with low quality of research were excluded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Mesenchymal stem cells have a very low overall content in the body, and their survival time is very short, which often fails to reach the effective time. The exosomes secreted by mesenchymal stem cells contain genetic information, which can be transported over a long distance and have the ability to act on target cells. It plays an important role in the protection and nutrition of nerve tissue, regulation of vascular regeneration, tissue repair of visceral diseases, wound healing and tissue repair, bone and cartilage regeneration.

Key words: Exosomes, Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Tissue Engineering

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