中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (12): 1812-1817.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.12.021

• 材料力学及表面改性 material mechanics and surface modification • 上一篇    下一篇

微型种植体直径和长度优化设计在Ⅳ类骨质中应力分布的三维有限元分析

周冠军1,李晨曦1,焦晓丽2,刘一冰3,单丽华1   

  1. 1河北医科大学第二医院口腔正畸科,河北省石家庄市  0500002武警后勤学院附属医院口腔科,天津市  3001613河北医科大学第三医院口腔科,河北省石家庄市  050000
  • 收稿日期:2016-01-09 出版日期:2016-03-18 发布日期:2016-03-18
  • 通讯作者: 单丽华,主任医师,河北医科大学第二医院口腔正畸科,河北省石家庄市 050000
  • 作者简介:周冠军,男,1981年生,河北省邯郸市人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事微型种植体,成人矫治研究。

Optimized design of mini-implant diameter and length in IV osteoid through three-dimensional finite element analysis

Zhou Guan-jun1, Li Chen-xi1, Jiao Xiao-li2, Liu Yi-bing3, Shan Li-hua1   

  1. 1Department of Orthodontics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Logistics University of People’s Armed Police Force, Tianjin 300161, China; 3Department of Stomatology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2016-01-09 Online:2016-03-18 Published:2016-03-18
  • Contact: Shan Li-hua, Chief physician, Department of Orthodontics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Zhou Guan-jun, Master, Attending physician, Department of Orthodontics, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:

种植体支抗:支抗控制是口腔正畸治疗过程中的关键问题,在传统治疗方案中,常用的控制支抗手段有口外弓、颌间牵引、横腭杆、Nance弓、唇挡、舌弓及用组牙作支抗移动单个牙齿等,这些方法需要患者配合,而且附加的口内装置增加了患者不适,不利于口腔功能的正常行使与口腔卫生的维持。近年来,应用种植体作为移动牙齿的支抗单位,将矫治力的反作用力施于颌骨上,完全避免了不必要的牙齿移动,也不必依赖于患者的配合,实现了常规方法较难达到的矫治效果。
微型种植体的稳定性:是微型种植体必须具有良好的稳定性才能发挥较好的支抗作用,其置入稳定性分为初期和长期稳定性,初期稳定性即物理学稳定性,为微型种植体和周围骨的机械嵌合;长期稳定性即生物学稳定性,为微型种植体与骨形成骨整合。

 

背景:为微型种植体的直径和长度影响其稳定性,目前相关研究多在Ⅰ和Ⅱ类骨质中进行,在Ⅳ类骨质中进行的研究较少。
目的:通过三维有限元研究微型种植体直径和长度在Ⅳ类骨质中优化设计。
方法:建立种植体-颌骨实体模型,在种植体顶部施加2 N的正畸力,方向垂直于种植体长轴,与远中轴成30°夹角,将种植体设计为不同的直径(直径为1.2-2.0 mm)和长度(骨内段长度为6-10 mm),评估颌骨的应力峰值和位移峰值,并分析对应力值对变量的敏感度。
结果与结论:种植体的应力和位移主要集中在颈部,种植体-骨界面的应力主要集中在种植体-皮质骨骨界面的接触区,松质骨内的应力比较小,皮质骨内的应力减弱较快。在种植体长度恒定不变时,种植体直径对骨组织的应力影响比较大,骨组织的应力随种植体直径的增加而降低;在种植体直径恒定不变的情况下,种植体长度对骨组织的应力影响不明显;骨组织的应力及位移对种植体直径变化比较敏感,对种植体长度变化不敏感。结果表明,种植体直径对骨组织的应力分布影响比较大,其长度对骨组织的应力分布影响不大,种植体直径大于1.5 mm比较适合应用于Ⅳ类骨质。 

ORCID: 0000-0001-5021-7417(单丽华)

关键词: 生物材料, 口腔生物材料, 微型种植体, 支抗, Ⅳ类骨质, 有限元分析法, 应力分布, 直径, 长度

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Diameter and length of mini-implant have effects on its stability, which has been reported mostly in I and II osteoid, but less in IV osteoid. OBJECTIVE: To optimize the design of mini-implant diameter and length in IV osteoid by a three-dimensional finite element analysis.
METHODS: Implant-mandible solid model was established. A 2 N orthodontic force that was perpendicular to the long axis of the implant and at a 30° angle with the distal central axis was applied onto the top of the implant. The implant was designed for different diameters (1.2-2.0 mm) and lengths (6-10 mm). Peak stress and peak displacement of the mandible were mechanically assessed, and stress sensitivity variables were analyzed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The stress and displacement of the implant were mainly concentrated in the neck of the implant. The stress of implant-bone interface mainly focused on the contact area of the implant-cortical bone interface, and the stress of the cancellous bone was relatively small, but the stress of the cortical bone was weakened faster. When the implant length was constant, the implant diameter had a great effect on stress changes, and the stress of bone tissue was reduced with the increase of implant diameter. When the implant diameter was constant, the implant length had no significant effect on the stress of bone tissue. To sum up, the stress of bone tissue and displacement were sensitive to the change of implant diameter rather than the change of implant length. These findings indicate that implant diameter has a greater effect on stress distribution of bone tissue than the implant length, and the implants with > 1.5 mm in diameter are suitable for IV osteoid.