中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (8): 1299-1305.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2225

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

长段输尿管损伤替代治疗的方法、材料及修复重建的演变历程

王  刚,李东辉,白志明   

  1. 中南大学湘雅医学院附属海口医院(海口市人民医院)泌尿外科,海南省海口市  570208
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-21 修回日期:2019-06-12 接受日期:2019-07-06 出版日期:2020-03-18 发布日期:2020-01-23
  • 作者简介:王刚,男,1982年生,海南省澄迈县人,汉族,中南大学湘雅医学院在读博士,主治医师,主要从事泌尿系肿瘤、前列腺癌影像融合及靶向穿刺、泌尿系损伤修复、泌尿3D打印应用方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    海南省自然科学基金面上项目(818MS134)

Evolution and progress of replacement therapy, materials and reconstruction of long ureteral injuries

Wang Gang, Li Donghui, Bai Zhiming   

  1. Department of Urology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University & Haikou People’s Hospital, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, China
  • Received:2019-05-21 Revised:2019-06-12 Accepted:2019-07-06 Online:2020-03-18 Published:2020-01-23
  • About author:Wang Gang, Doctoral candidate, Attending physician, Department of Urology, Affiliated Haikou Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University & Haikou People’s Hospital, Haikou 570208, Hainan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province, No. 818MS134

摘要:

文题释义:
生物3D打印:是运用3D打印技术将包含活细胞等的各种材料进行打印。3D生物打印技术为制造结构和功能相关的仿生组织提供了强大的通用性,可以精确控制细胞和生物材料的空间分布,有可能重建出具有精确、详细、甚至个体化特征的组织工程结构的替代物,以模仿目标组织和器官的精细形状、结构、架构,从而模拟其功能。
长段输尿管损伤:输尿管损伤包含狭窄或缺损,多见于医源性损伤、炎症及肿瘤,其次为创伤、先天畸形和腹膜后纤维化等;大于20 cm为长段输尿管损伤,对于长段的输尿管损伤,难以运用残存输尿管进行修复,需要进行人造输尿管替代重建治疗。

背景:对于长段输尿管损伤,选用何种替代物及如何对长段损伤的输尿管进行重建,恢复其解剖连续性和功能完整性,对泌尿外科医生来说是非常复杂和棘手的问题。

目的:综述长段输尿管损伤修复重建方法的演变及进展。

方法:以“输尿管损伤,输尿管替代,生物材料,组织工程,生物3D打印”;ureteral injuries,ureteral replacement,biomaterial,tissue engineering,3D bioprinting”为检索词,应用计算机检索 1950至2019年PubMed 数据库、Web of Science 数据库、Medline 数据库及万方医学网数据库发表的文章,选择有关输尿管损伤替代治疗方法材料及修复重建的相关文献。

结果与结论:在长段输尿管损伤修复重建中,最早的修复方式是以自体组织如肠道、膀胱肌瓣、颊黏膜等进行移植修补,但此类手术均难以避免对周围组织和器官的损伤。随后人们制造出各种异体非生物材料尝试进行替代,但由于免疫排斥及缺乏蠕动等原因而失败。随着细胞学、生物学、材料学等的不断发展进步,逐渐演变为利用人体自身细胞让缺损的组织、器官再生。伴随着再生医学和3D打印技术的发展,3D生物打印已发展到可打印类似于其体内的对应物复杂的多组分、多层次泌尿系中空管状结构。但目前的生物打印技术仍然无法构建具有正常蠕动、收缩功能的输尿管或膀胱。

ORCID: 0000-0002-1083-3220(王刚)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程


关键词: 输尿管损伤, 输尿管替代, 重建, 生物材料, 组织工程, 生物3D打印, 自体组织, 异体组织

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: It is very difficult for urologists to choose what kind of substitute and how to reconstruct the long ureteral injuries to restore the integrity and function of the ureter.

OBJECTIVE: To review recent progress and the evolution trends in the reconstruction methods of long ureteral injuries.

METHODS: Relevant articles published from 1950 to 2019 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, MEDLINE, and WanFang databases. The keywords were “ureteral injuries, ureteral replacement, biomaterial, tissue engineering, 3D bioprinting” in English and Chinese, respectively. The articles addressing ureteral replacement materials and reconstruction of ureteral injuries were selected.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the reconstruction of long ureteral injury, the earliest repair method is to use autologous tissues, such as ileal, bladder muscle flap (Boari flap), and buccal mucosa graft. But such operations are difficult to avoid the damage to the surrounding tissues and organs. After that, various non-biomaterials were produced for ureteral replacement, but failed due to immune rejection and lack of peristalsis. With the development of cytology, biology and materials, the damaged tissues and organs have been regenerated by using autologous cells. Due to the development of regenerative medicine and three-dimensional printing technology, complex multi-component and multi-layered hollow tube structures that similar to their internal counterparts can be generated with three-dimensional bioprinting. But three-dimensional bioprinting cannot reconstruct the ureter and bladder with normal peristalsis and contraction function. 

Key words: ureteral injuries, ureteral replacement, reconstruction, biomaterial, tissue engineering, three-dimensional bioprinting, autologous tissue, allogeneic tissue

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