中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 350-355.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2963

• 数字化骨科Digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

高位髋关节中心全髋关节置换治疗发育性髋关节发育不良后的三维步态评价

张  羽,冯  硕,杨  志,张  野,孙健宁,安  伦,陈向阳   

  1. 徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市  221002
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-06 修回日期:2020-03-12 接受日期:2020-04-15 出版日期:2021-01-28 发布日期:2020-11-16
  • 通讯作者: 陈向阳,博士,主任医师,副教授,硕士生导师,徐州医科大学附属医院骨科,江苏省徐州市 221002
  • 作者简介:张羽,男,1989年生,山东省菏泽市人,汉族,徐州医科大学在读硕士,目前主要从事骨关节外科方面的研究。

Three-dimensional gait of patients with developmental dysplasia of hip undergoing total hip arthroplasty with high hip center

Zhang Yu, Feng Shuo, Yang Zhi, Zhang Ye, Sun Jianning, An Lun, Chen Xiangyang   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-03-06 Revised:2020-03-12 Accepted:2020-04-15 Online:2021-01-28 Published:2020-11-16
  • Contact: Chen Xiangyang, MD, Chief physician, Associate professor, Master’s supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Yu, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221002, Jiangsu Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
全髋关节置换:是以人工合成的髋关节假体代替已损坏的股骨头和髋臼,以恢复髋关节的活动和负重功能的一种手术,被认为是目前改善创伤和终末期退行性关节疾病患者生活质量最成功的骨科重建手术之一。
三维步态分析:能够借助专业设备获取人体时空参数、各个关节的运动学参数及动力学参数,通过专业的分析可以推测出患者步态异常的主要原因,进而对诊疗方案的确定具有非常重要的作用,同时也能够对设计出的治疗方案进行评估,以验证设计的治疗方案是否存在问题。

背景:对于Crowe Ⅱ、Ⅲ型发育性髋关节发育不良合并重度髋关节骨性关节炎的患者行全髋关节置换,是选择髋臼解剖重建还是高位髋关节旋转中心重建目前仍存在争议。                         
目的:比较全髋关节置换过程中高位髋关节中心和解剖髋关节中心重建技术在步态特征方面的差异。
方法:选择2014年1月至2017年7月CroweⅡ-Ⅲ型发育性髋关节发育不良继发单侧髋关节病变女性患者40例,均接受全髋关节置换治疗,其中20例术中进行解剖型髋关节中心重建,另20例进行高位髋关节中心重建。置换后随访2年以上,进行步态分析。研究获得徐州医科大学附属医院伦理委员会批准。
结果与结论:①时空参数:两组手术侧和非手术侧的步速、步频、步长、单腿支撑时间、单腿摆动时间、双腿支撑时间相似,两组间手术侧的步速、步频、步长、单腿支撑时间、单腿摆动时间、双腿支撑时间比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②运动学参数:高位重建组手术侧的髋关节最大伸展度低于非手术侧(P < 0.01),两组手术侧的髋关节最大屈曲度和髋关节屈伸范围均低于非手术侧(P=0.01);高位重建组手术侧的髋关节最大伸展度、髋关节屈伸范围低于解剖重建组(P < 0.05),两组手术侧的髋关节最大屈曲度、膝关节最大屈曲度、膝关节屈伸范围、踝关节最大背屈度、踝关节最大跖屈度、踝关节背跖屈范围比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③动力学参数:高位重建组手术侧的足底反作用力纵向峰值高于解剖重建组(P < 0.05);两组手术侧的足底反作用力内外峰值、前后峰值比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④结果表明在发育性髋关节发育不良患者中,应用高位髋关节中心重建进行全髋关节置换能获得与解剖髋关节中心重建相似的步态参数,但与接受解剖髋关节旋转中心重建术的患者相比,采用高位髋关节中心重建的患者髋关节屈伸范围运动受限,髋关节纵向受力更大。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9355-8526 (张羽) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 假体, 关节, 置换, 髋关节发育不良, 高髋关节中心, 三维步态, 关节重建

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For patients with Crowe II and III developmental dysplasia of hip combined with severe hip osteoarthritis, total hip arthroplasty is still controversial whether to choose acetabular anatomical reconstruction or high hip rotation center reconstruction.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the differences in gait characteristics between the reconstruction technique of the high hip center and the anatomical hip center during total hip arthroplasty.
METHODS: Forty patients with Crowe II-III developmental dysplasia of hip with unilateral hip disease from January 2014 to July 2017 were selected. All patients received total hip arthroplasty, of which 20 cases underwent acetabular anatomical reconstruction, and another 20 patients underwent high hip center reconstruction. The patients were followed up for more than 2 years after arthroplasty for gait analysis. The study was approved by Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Spatiotemporal parameters: The pace, stride frequency, step length, single leg support time, single leg swing time, and double leg support time of the two groups of surgical side and non-surgical side were similar. There was no significant difference in pace, stride frequency, step length, one-leg support time, one-leg swing time, and two-leg support time between the two groups (P > 0.05). (2) Kinematic parameters: The maximum extension of the hip joint on the surgical side of the high reconstruction group was lower than that on the non-surgical side (P < 0.01). The maximum hip flexion and hip flexion and extension range of the two groups on the surgical side were lower than those on the non-surgical side (P=0.01). The maximum extension of the hip joint and hip flexion and extension range in the high reconstruction group were lower than those in the anatomical reconstruction group (P < 0.05). The maximum flexion of the hip joint, maximum knee flexion, knee flexion and extension range, and maximum dorsiflexion of the ankle, the maximum plantar flexion of the ankle, and the range of ankle dorsiflexion were not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) Kinetic parameters: The longitudinal peak of the plantar reaction force on the surgical side of the high reconstruction group was higher than that of the anatomical reconstruction group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the internal and external peaks of the plantar reaction force and the front and back peaks of the two groups on the surgical side (P > 0.05). (4) The results show that in patients with developmental dysplasia of hip, total hip arthroplasty using high hip center reconstruction can obtain gait parameters similar to anatomical hip center reconstruction. However, compared with patients undergoing anatomical hip rotation center reconstruction, patients with high hip center reconstruction had limited hip flexion and extension range movement and greater longitudinal force on the hip.

Key words: bone, prosthesis, joint, arthroplasty, developmental dysplasia of the hip, high hip center, three-dimensional gait, joint reconstruction

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