中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (26): 4158-4163.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.26.012

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

胸椎安全置入椎弓根螺钉的解剖特点:正常发育与特发性脊柱侧凸青少年比较

崔冠宇1,田  伟1,刘  波1,何  达1,孙宇庆1,赵经纬1,程晓光2   

  1. 北京积水潭医院,北京大学第四临床医学院,1脊柱外科,2放射科,北京市  100035
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-06 出版日期:2015-06-25 发布日期:2015-06-25
  • 通讯作者: 田伟,博士,教授,主任医师,北京积水潭医院,北京大学第四临床医学院脊柱外科,北京市 100035
  • 作者简介:崔冠宇,男,1980年生,广东省电白县人,汉族,2006年北京市创伤骨科研究所毕业,博士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外科的临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金青年科学基金资助项目(81201433);北京市医管局重点医学专业发展计划项目(ZL201405)

Anatomical characteristics of thoracic vertebrae for safe pedicle screw placement: comparison between normal adolescents and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients  

Cui Guan-yu1, Tian Wei1, Liu Bo1, He Da1, Sun Yu-qing1, Zhao Jing-wei1, Cheng Xiao-guang2   

  1. 1Department of Spinal Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China; 2Department of Radiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China)
  • Received:2015-04-06 Online:2015-06-25 Published:2015-06-25
  • Contact: Tian Wei, M.D., Professor, Chief physician, Department of Spinal Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing 100035, China
  • About author:Cui GY, Tian W, Liu B, He D, Sun YQ, Zhao JW, Cheng XG. Anatomical characteristics of thoracic vertebrae for safe pedicle screw placement: comparison between normal adolescents and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu. 2015;19(26):4158-4163.
  • Supported by:

    the Youth Science Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81201433; Major Medical Specialty Development Project of Beijing Municipal Administration of Hospitals, No. ZL201405

摘要:

背景:胸椎椎弓根是胸椎手术中最主要的内固定方式,但是缺少椎弓根螺钉置入通道的相关形态的参数测量,缺少正常发育青少年与青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者比较的相关报道。
目的:比较在正常发育青少年与青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者胸椎安全置入椎弓根螺钉相关的椎弓根形态特点。
方法:使用三维重建CT图像对35例正常发育青少年和35例青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者的胸椎椎弓根进行测量。测量的参数包括:①临界距离:从椎弓根螺钉入点到椎板腹侧骨皮质的最短距离。②安全距离:从入点到椎管的切线距离(和椎弓根内侧皮质相切)。③椎弓根螺钉长度。④椎弓根宽度。⑤椎弓根横向角。危险区域定义为安全距离和临界距离之差。
结果与结论:正常发育组临界距离为(9.2±1.0) mm,青少年特发性脊柱侧凸组为(9.4±1.2) mm。正常发育组安全距离为(14.7±0.8) mm,显著小于青少年特发性脊柱侧凸组的(15.4±1.4) mm(P < 0.001)。正常发育组危险区域为(5.4±0.7) mm,显著小于青少年特发性脊柱侧凸组的(6.0±1.0) mm(P < 0.001)。正常发育组椎弓根螺钉长度为(36.6±4.1) mm,青少年特发性脊柱侧凸组椎弓根螺钉长度为(37.1±5.3) mm。正常发育组椎弓根螺钉宽度为(5.8±1.2) mm,青少年特发性脊柱侧凸组椎弓根宽度为(5.7±1.7) mm。两组临界距离、椎弓根螺钉长度和椎弓根宽度之间差异无显著性意义(P=0.382,0.135,0.293)。两组的椎弓根横向角均从T1到T12逐渐减少。提示正常发育青少年和青少年特发性脊柱侧凸患者置入椎弓根螺钉的胸椎椎弓根形态相关参数有差别,尤其在胸弯顶点附近区域。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 植入物, 脊柱植入物, 青少年, 特发性脊柱侧凸, 胸椎, 椎弓根, 形态, 椎弓根螺钉, 脊柱, 三维重建, CT, 测量, 国家自然科学基金

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Pedicle screw is the major instrumentation of surgery in thoracic spine. However, there have been few reports about pedicle morphology relevant to screw insertion tracts, and few reports comparing the normal adolescents and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the morphologic characteristics of the thoracic pedicle with regard to safe thoracic pedicle screw placement in normal adolescents and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients.
METHODS: Thoracic pedicles of thirty-five normal adolescents and thirty-five adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients were measured with three-dimensional reconstruction CT images. Measured parameters include (1)  
critical distance: the shortest distance from an entry point to the ventral cortex of the lamina. (2) Safe distance: the distance from the entry point to the tangent of the spinal canal at the medial wall of the pedicle. (3) Pedicle screw length. (4) Pedicle width. (5) Pedicle transverse angle. The dangerous area was defined as the distance between the critical distance and the safe distance.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mean critical distance was (9.2±1.0) mm for the normal adolescents, and (9.4±1.2) mm for the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. Safe distances were significantly less in normal adolescents (14.7±0.8) mm than that of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis group (15.4±1.4) mm (P < 0.001). The dangerous area was (5.4±0.7) mm for the normal adolescents, which was significantly less than that of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients (6.0±1.0) mm (P < 0.001). Pedicle screw length was (36.6±4.1) mm for the normal adolescents and     (37.1±5.3) mm for the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. Pedicle width was (5.8±1.2) mm for the normal adolescents and (5.7±1.7) mm for the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. No significant difference in critical distance, pedicle screw length and pedicle width was found between the two groups (P=0.382, 0.135, 0.293). Pedicle transverse angle decreased gradually from T1 to T12 in both groups. These results verify that pedicle morphology of many parameters is different between normal adolescents and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, especially in the apical area of the thoracic curve.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: adolescent, scoliosis, thoracic vertebrae

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