中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (20): 3210-3218.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3209

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

骨代谢紊乱的表观遗传重编程与运动调控

刘  波1,陈祥和1,杨  康2,孙昌亮3,余慧琳1,陆鹏程1   

  1. 1扬州大学体育学院,江苏省扬州市   225127;2江苏省苏北人民医院康复科,江苏省扬州市   225001;3河北科技师范学院体育与健康学院,河北省秦皇岛市   066000
  • 收稿日期:2020-08-11 修回日期:2020-08-12 接受日期:2020-09-25 出版日期:2021-07-18 发布日期:2021-01-15
  • 通讯作者: 陈祥和,博士,副教授,扬州大学体育学院,江苏省扬州市 225127
  • 作者简介:刘波,男,1996年生,山西省阳城县人,汉族,扬州大学在读硕士,主要从事运动与骨代谢研究。
  • 基金资助:
    扬州大学学术科技创新基金项目(X20200325),项目负责人:刘波;中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2019M661957),项目负责人:陈祥和

Epigenetic reprogramming and exercise regulation of bone metabolism disorders

Liu Bo1, Chen Xianghe1, Yang Kang2, Sun Changliang3, Yu Huilin1, Lu Pengcheng1   

  1. 1School of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Rehabilitation, the Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China; 3School of Physical Education and Health, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066000, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2020-08-11 Revised:2020-08-12 Accepted:2020-09-25 Online:2021-07-18 Published:2021-01-15
  • Contact: Chen Xianghe, MD, Associate professor, School of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Liu Bo, Master candidate, School of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Academic Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Yangzhou University, No. X20200325 (to LB); China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (General Project), No. 2019M661957 (to CXH)

摘要:

文题释义:
表观遗传学:指在不改变基因序列的前提下,通过改变染色质结构及基因的可及性来对其表达产生影响,主要包括DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、非编码RNA等方式。 
骨代谢:包括成骨细胞介导的骨形成及破骨细胞介导的骨吸收,这两者之间的动态平衡保持着骨组织的完整性,当骨吸收或骨形成超出正常水平,则会引起骨代谢紊乱。

背景:机体骨代谢平衡由成骨细胞介导的骨形成与破骨细胞介导的骨吸收来维持,当其代谢功能发生障碍时会造成骨代谢紊乱,引发各种骨疾病发生。
目的:综述表观遗传在骨代谢紊乱中的作用机制,探讨运动对表观遗传的影响及表观遗传在运动调控骨代谢中的机制。
方法:检索1999年1月至2020年10月PubMed数据库、中国期刊全文数据库相关文章,英文检索词“exercise,epigenetics,bone metabolism,DNA methylation,histone modification,noncoding RNA”;中文检索词“运动,表观遗传,骨代谢,DNA甲基化,组蛋白修饰,非编码RNA”。共检索到90篇相关文献,73篇文献符合纳入标准。
结果与结论:①表观遗传可以在不改变基因序列的前提下对基因表达进行调控进而影响骨代谢,这种方式灵活且可遗传;②HDAC1、Sirt1、DNMTs、LncRNA OGRU、miR-486等基因表达改变可引起相关信号通路的活性及基因表达发生改变,进而对成骨细胞、破骨细胞的生长、发育及成熟产生影响,从而调节骨吸收与骨形成间的动态平衡;③成骨细胞、破骨细胞均为力学敏感细胞,骨组织可将运动产生的负荷转化为生物学刺激作用于成骨细胞和破骨细胞,进而对其增殖、分化与成熟产生影响,最终调节骨代谢;④运动能通过影响FoxO3a、Jag1、Hcy、同源盒A10等基因的表观遗传状态来调节其表达,从而对骨形成产生积极作用;⑤骨组织是力学敏感组织,而表观遗传在运动调节骨组织稳态中发挥重要作用。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3379-1713 (刘波)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 运动, 表观遗传, 骨代谢, DNA甲基化, 组蛋白修饰, 非编码RNA

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The balance of bone metabolism in the body is maintained by bone formation mediated by osteoblasts and bone resorption mediated by osteoclasts. When its metabolic function is impaired, it will cause bone metabolism disorders and trigger various bone diseases. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the mechanism of epigenetics in bone metabolism disorders, to explore the effect of exercise on epigenetics and the mechanism of epigenetics in exercise regulating bone metabolism. 
METHODS: PubMed and CNKI were searched for relevant articles published from January 1999 to October 2020, using the keywords of “exercise; epigenetics; bone metabolism; DNA methylation; histone modification; noncoding RNA” in English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 90 relevant articles were retrieved, and 73 articles met the inclusion criteria. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Epigenetics can regulate gene expression and influence bone metabolism without changing gene sequence, which is flexible and heritable. Changes in mRNA expression of HDAC1, Sirt1, DNMTs, LncRNA OGRU, and miR-486 can alter the activity and gene expression of related signal pathways, which in turn affects the growth, development and maturation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, thereby regulating the dynamic balance between bone resorption and bone formation. Osteocytes and osteoclasts are all mechanically sensitive cells. Bone tissue can convert the load generated by exercise into biological stimuli to act on osteoblasts and osteoclasts, then affect cell proliferation, differentiation and maturation, and ultimately regulate bone metabolism. Exercise can regulate the expression of FoxO3a, Jag1, Hcy, and homeobox A10 through their epigenetic status, thereby exerting a positive effect on bone formation. Bone tissue is a kind of mechanically sensitive tissue, and epigenetics plays an important role in the regulation of bone tissue homeostasis by exercise.

Key words: exercise, epigenetics, bone metabolism, DNA methylation, histone modification, noncoding RNA

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