中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 837-843.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2384

• 骨与关节生物力学Bone and joint biomechanics • 上一篇    下一篇

下楼梯行走执行手机任务时下肢动态稳定性、运动协调性及关节力学的变化

王疆娜1,郑慧芬1,孙  威2   

  1. 1山东体育学院,山东省济南市   250102;2山东省体育科学研究中心,山东省济南市   250102
  • 收稿日期:2020-01-22 修回日期:2020-02-13 接受日期:2020-03-20 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2020-12-02
  • 通讯作者: 孙威,博士,助理研究员,山东省体育科学研究中心,山东省济南市 250102
  • 作者简介:王疆娜,女,1986年生,陕西省蒲城县人,汉族,2012年陕西师范大学毕业,硕士,讲师,主要从事特殊人群运动与健康促进方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年项目(31700815)

Changes in dynamic stability, motor coordination and joint mechanics of the lower extremity during stair descent and performing phone task

Wang Jiangna1, Zheng Huifen1, Sun Wei2   

  1. 1Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China; 2Shandong Sports Science Research Center, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2020-01-22 Revised:2020-02-13 Accepted:2020-03-20 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2020-12-02
  • Contact: Sun Wei, MD, Research assistant, Shandong Sports Science Research Center, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Wang Jiangna, Master, Lecturer, Shandong Sport University, Jinan 250102, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 31700815

摘要:

文题释义:
下楼梯行走执行手机任务:属于认知-动作控制双任务范式,是近年来认知神经科学与动作控制研究交叉领域备受关注的研究方法,主要用于研究大脑认知资源调配与神经肌肉行为控制的相互影响。
动态稳定性:动态稳定理论认为运动过程中,对应每一个给定的质心位置,通过最优化算法计算出所对应的最大和最小边界速度,就可以在人体质心的位置-速度坐标系内结合支撑面计算动态稳定度值。

背景:人体多环节刚体的耦合协调控制是稳定行走的关键,据报道手机的使用会明显增加下楼梯行走跌倒概率,但缺乏手机介入时下楼梯行走下肢动态稳定性、运动协调性及关节力学变化特征的相关分析。
目的:探讨下楼梯时手机任务的介入对人体行走时下肢多环节刚体耦合动作控制策略的影响。
方法:选择20名健康大学生为研究对象,随机完成无干扰的下楼梯行走测试(单任务)以及下楼梯合并手机任务测试(手机任务)。采用三维运动学与动力学同步采集的方法,获取人体在两个任务条件楼梯行走时的运动学与动力学参数,并进行对比。
结果与结论:①手机任务的介入可显著降低人体在下楼梯行走支撑相前后及左右方向的动态稳定参数值,显著减小下肢支撑初期矢状面伸膝力矩、趾屈力矩第一峰值及髋关节屈曲力矩第二峰值,显著增大摆动相下肢髋-膝、膝-踝相对相角的平均值及标准差;②提示人体在下楼梯行走的步态时相转换时,多环节刚体间耦合控制能力下降,跌倒风险增大;③手机任务的介入降低了支撑相下肢支撑力矩及摆动相相邻关节协调控制的稳定程度,导致前后及内外方向动态稳度降低,跌倒风险增大。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4968-4074 (王疆娜) 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 手机, 下楼梯, 行走, 动态稳度, 运动协调, 力学

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The coupling and coordination control of the multi-link rigid body of human body is the key to stable walking. It is reported that the use of cell phones greatly increases the chance of falling down stairs when walking; however, it lacks the analysis of the dynamic stability, motion coordination and joint mechanics of the lower limbs when walking down stairs with cell phone intervention.  
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of cell phone on coupling control strategy of the multi-link rigid body in lower extremity during stair descent. 
METHODS: Twenty healthy university students were recruited and conducted the stair descent under no-interference (single task) and cell phone (phone task) randomly. Using the method of synchronous acquisition of 3D kinematics and dynamics, the kinetic and kinematic data were synchronously collected to acquire the parameters of stair descent under both conditions. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The intervention of phone task significantly reduced the dynamic stability in anterior-posterior/media-lateral direction, the first knee extension moment peak, the first dorsiflexion moment peak, the second hip flexion moment peak in sagittal plane during stance phase, and significantly increased the mean and standard deviation of hip-knee/knee-ankle relative phase angles during swing phase. (2) It is concluded that when the gait of human body changes from time to time, the coupling control ability of multi-link rigid bodies decreased and the risk of falling increased. (3) The intervention of phone task reduces the supporting moment of lower limbs in the supporting phase, reduces the stability of adjacent joint coordination control in the swinging phase, reduces the dynamic stability in front, back and inside directions, and increases the risk of falling.

Key words: cell phone, stair descent, walking, dynamic stability, motor coordination, mechanics

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