中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (5): 813-820.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3020

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    

神经发生和炎性环境在运动条件下的改变与调节

赵  祥1,魏翠兰2,张业廷1   

  1. 1成都大学体育学院,四川省成都市   610106;2成都理工大学,四川省成都市   610059
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-20 修回日期:2020-03-25 接受日期:2020-05-09 出版日期:2021-02-18 发布日期:2020-12-01
  • 通讯作者: 张业廷,在读博士,助教, 成都大学体育学院,四川省成都市 610106
  • 作者简介:赵祥,男,1980年生,四川省广元市人,2003年成都体育学院毕业,硕士,副教授,主要从事运动与健康促进、足球训练的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省科技计划项目(2019YFH0179);四川省科技计划项目(2020YFH0184)

Neurogenesis and neuroinflammation under exercise: alteration and regulation

Zhao Xiang1, Wei Cuilan2, Zhang Yeting1   

  1. 1School of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, China; 2Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2020-03-20 Revised:2020-03-25 Accepted:2020-05-09 Online:2021-02-18 Published:2020-12-01
  • Contact: Zhang Yeting, MD candidate, Assistant, School of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Xiang, Master, Associate professor, School of Physical Education, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Research Plan of Sichuan Province, No. 2019YFH0179and  2020YFH0184

摘要:

文题释义:
成年海马神经发生(adult hippocampal neurogenesis,AHN):是指成年神经干细胞通过中间祖细胞和成神经细胞的扩增,以及这些新生神经元与现有神经回路的整合,产生新的功能性成熟齿状颗粒细胞的过程。成年海马神经发生一直被认为与正常生理条件下的认知过程有关,如学习、记忆和模式分离等。
慢性神经炎症:是正常衰老和神经退行性疾病中常见的病理特征,并且会对海马神经发生和认知过程产生负面影响。

背景:研究发现,运动可以调节神经炎症、成年海马神经发生,并改善认知功能,然而运动和神经炎症引起的海马神经发生及相关认知功能变化之间的相互作用并不清楚。
目的:分析总结神经炎症介导运动改善成年海马神经发生及认知的作用机制。
方法:以中文检索词(运动;神经炎症;神经发生;阿尔兹海默病;衰老;抑郁;脑缺血;创伤性脑损伤;认知)及英文检索词(exercise;neuroinflammation;neurogenesis;Alzheimer’s disease;aging;depression;cerebral ischemia;traumatic brain injury;cognition )分别检索CNKI、Web of Science(核心合集)等国内外数据库,查询运动对神经炎症、成年海马神经发生及认知影响或机制的相关文献,并对其进行研究,然后按照一定逻辑进行分析和综述。
结果与结论:神经炎症会引起神经发生损伤,并可能导致认知功能的障碍,而运动能有力地在大脑中产生抗炎作用,促进成年海马神经发生,进而提高认知能力。运动除了能够直接增加大脑海马中神经营养因子的表达及促进海马神经发生外,还可以通过其抗炎机制影响到海马中神经营养因子的表达及海马神经发生过程。但是,想要更好地理解神经发生和炎性环境在运动条件下的改变与调节,以及如何和是否可以调节这种改变的过程来促进认知,仍然还有很多的工作要做。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0031-2891 (张业廷)
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 运动, 神经炎症, 海马, 神经发生, 认知, 因子, 抗炎, 综述

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have found that exercise can regulate neuroinflammation and adult hippocampal neurogenesis, and improve cognitive function. However, the interaction between exercise and neuroinflammation-induced changes in hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function is unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize the mechanism by which neuroinflammation-mediated exercise improves adult hippocampus neurogenesis and cognition.
METHOD: Using “exercise; neuroinflammation; neurogenesis; Alzheimer’s disease; aging; depression; cerebral ischemia; traumatic brain injury; cognition” as keywords, we retrieved literature regarding the effects or mechanisms of exercise on neuroinflammation, adult hippocampus neurogenesis and cognition in CNKI and Web of Science, and logically analyzed and summarized the included studies.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Neuroinflammation can cause nerve damage, and may lead to cognitive impairment, while exercise can effectively produce anti-inflammatory effects in the brain, and promote adult hippocampal neurogenesis, thereby improving cognitive ability. Exercise cannot only directly increase the expression of neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus and promote hippocampal neurogenesis, but also affect the expression of neurotrophic factors in the hippocampus and the process of neurogenesis through its anti-inflammatory mechanism. However, there is still much work to be done to better understand how the neurogenic and inflammatory environment changes under exercise conditions, and how this altered process can be modulated to promote cognition.

Key words: exercise, neuroinflammation, hippocampus, neurogenesis, cognition, factor, anti-inflammation, review

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