中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (33): 5366-5370.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2897

• 骨与关节图像与影像 bone and joint imaging • 上一篇    下一篇

中国汉族人与美国高加索白人膝关节几何形态的比较

龚  恒1,2,黄  斌1,2,付立功2,刘华玮2,陈连旭1,2   

  1. 1清华大学临床医学院,北京市  1000842清华大学附属北京清华长庚医院骨科,北京市  102218

  • 收稿日期:2020-02-26 修回日期:2020-03-04 接受日期:2020-03-20 出版日期:2020-11-28 发布日期:2020-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 陈连旭,博士,主任医师,副教授,清华大学临床医学院,北京市 100084;清华大学附属北京清华长庚医院骨科,北京市 102218
  • 作者简介:龚恒,男,1996年生,四川省成都市人,汉族,清华大学临床医学院在读硕士,医师,主要从事软骨组织再生及关节置换等研究。

Comparison of knee geometry between Chinese Han people and American Caucasians

Gong Heng1, 2, Huang Bin1, 2, Fu Ligong2, Liu Huawei2, Chen Lianxu1, 2   

  1. 1School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; 2Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China

  • Received:2020-02-26 Revised:2020-03-04 Accepted:2020-03-20 Online:2020-11-28 Published:2020-10-13
  • Contact: Chen Lianxu, MD, Chief physician, Associate professor, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
  • About author:Gong Heng, Master candidate, Physician, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China; Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China

摘要:

文题释义:

膝关节置换:其步骤大致为:采用膝关节内侧弧形切口或正中切口,切开关节囊,暴露关节,清除半月板、滑膜等软组织,对股骨远端和胫骨近端进行截骨,安装假体,评估下肢力线,处理髌骨,逐层缝合。该术式是目前治疗严重膝骨关节病的重要方法。

胫骨平台后倾角:是指胫骨平台平面在矢状面上与水平面所呈的一个夹角,该角度的存在增大了膝关节的屈曲功能,在进行膝关节置换过程中恢复该角度的正常大小极为重要,直接与患者术后膝关节功能、假体寿命等相关。

背景:有研究显示中国人膝关节胫骨近端前后径和横径均小于美国高加索人,所以在膝关节形态学方面存在一定差异,因此常发生进口假体系统应用于国人后出现匹配度不高的现象。

目的:测量中国人和美国人股骨远端、胫骨近端的几何形态学参数,比较其差异。

方法选择北京清华长庚医院骨科拟行前交叉韧带重建的中国汉族患者50例,以及美国匹兹堡大学运动医学中心拟行前交叉韧带重建的高加索白人后裔患者40例,对90例受试者膝关节进行CT扫描,使用AW Volume Share 5软件进行三维重建,利用Geomagic软件对胫骨近端和股骨远端的各项参数进行测量。

结果与结论①股骨近端测量参数中,中国人的外侧胫骨平台内外径小于美国人(P=0.027),外侧胫骨平台后倾角大于美国人(P < 0.05);两组间胫骨平台内外径、内侧胫骨平台外径、内侧胫骨平台前后径、外侧胫骨平台前后径与内侧胫骨平台后倾角比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②股骨远端测量参数中,中国人的股骨远端横径、外侧髁内外径、内侧髁前后径、外侧髁前后径及髁间窝高度均小于美国人(P < 0.05),股骨外翻角大于美国人(P < 0.05);两组间内侧髁内外径、髁间窝宽度及滑车沟宽度比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③结果表明,中国人与美国人在膝关节形态学的多个参数存在差异,有必要针对中国人设计更为个体化的膝关节假体。

ORCID: 0000-0002-3766-5386(龚恒)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程


关键词: 骨, 膝, 关节, 假体, 植入物, 全膝关节置换, 股骨远端, 胫骨近端, 形态学, 测量

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Some studies have shown that the anterior and posterior diameters and transverse diameters of the proximal tibia of the Chinese knee are smaller than those of the Caucasian in the United States, so there are some differences in the morphology of the knee, so the phenomenon of low matching

degree often occurs when the imported prosthesis system is applied to the Chinese.  

OBJECTIVE: To measure the geometric parameters of the distal femur and the proximal tibia of Chinese and American, compare the differences.

METHODS: The 50 Chinese Han patients planned to undergo anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital and 40 Caucasian patients planned for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at the University of Pittsburgh Sports Medicine Center were selected. The knee joints of 90 subjects were scanned by Computed Tomography. Three-dimensional reconstruction was performed by AW Volume Share 5 software. The Geomagic software was used to measure the parameters of the distal femur and proximal tibia.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In the measurement parameters of the proximal femur, the inner and outer diameters of the lateral tibial plateau in Chinese were smaller than those of the American (P=0.027), and the posterior inclination of the lateral tibial plateau was greater in Chinese than that of the American (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the inner and outer diameters of the tibial plateau, the outer diameter of the medial tibial plateau, the anteroposterior diameter of the medial tibial plateau, the anteroposterior diameter of the lateral tibial plateau, and the posterior inclination angle of the medial tibial plateau between the two groups (P > 0.05). (2) In the measurement parameters of the distal femur, the transverse diameter of the distal femur, the medial and lateral diameters of the lateral condyle, the anteroposterior diameter of the medial condyle, the anteroposterior diameter of the lateral condyle, and the height of the intercondylar fossa were all less in Chinese than those of the American (P < 0.05); the valgus angle of the Chinese femur was greater than that of the American (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the inner and outer diameters of the medial condyle, the width of the intercondylar notch and the width of the trochlear groove between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) There are some differences in many parameters of knee morphology between Chinese and American. It is necessary to design more individualized knee joint prosthesis for Chinese.

Key words: bone, knee, joint, prosthesis, implant, total knee replacement, distal femur, proximal tibia, morphology, measurement

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