中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (23): 3662-3666.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2726

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

保留腓骨肌腱鞘完整性对跟骨骨折术后后足功能的影响

赵永杰,孙广超,关国锋,杜  瑞,朱晓东   

  1. 滨州医学院附属医院足踝外科,山东省滨州市  256603
  • 收稿日期:2019-09-27 修回日期:2019-09-30 接受日期:2019-11-07 出版日期:2020-08-18 发布日期:2020-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 朱晓东,滨州医学院附属医院足踝外科,山东省滨州市 256603
  • 作者简介:赵永杰,男,1988年生,山东省滨州市人,汉族,2014年天津医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事足踝方面的研究。

Effect of preserving the integrity of peroneal tendon sheath on hindfoot function after calcaneus fracture surgery

Zhao Yongjie, Sun Guangchao, Guan Guofeng, Du Rui, Zhu Xiaodong   

  1. Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2019-09-27 Revised:2019-09-30 Accepted:2019-11-07 Online:2020-08-18 Published:2020-07-30
  • Contact: Zhu Xiaodong, Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Zhao Yongjie, Master, Attending physician, Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou 256603, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:

跟骨骨折:跟骨是人体最大的跗骨,跟骨骨折占所有骨折的2%,其中7%为关节内骨折,目前治疗的金标准仍然是扩大外侧入路切开复位内固定,但是由于其广泛的软组织剥离,增加了皮肤坏死及感染的风险,同时也会引起严重的软组织粘连,影响后期距下关节的活动。为此,越来越多的微创入路及微创技术得到关注,同时如何避免腓骨肌腱及软组织粘连也值得思考。

腓骨肌腱:腓骨长、短肌腱起于腓骨外侧,分别止于内侧楔骨的跖侧及第5跖骨基底,是足部主要的外翻力量,正常足有30°-35°的外翻及30°左右的内翻活动度,其外翻运动主要依赖腓骨短肌腱的收缩与位移。腓骨短肌腱的粘连或断裂都会减小踝关节及足的外翻肌力,由于不能对抗胫后肌腱强大的内翻力量,逐渐就会形成内翻足畸形,严重时也会导致踝关节内翻。

背景:跟骨骨折是最常见的跗骨骨折,传统的扩大外侧入路是治疗跟骨骨折的金标准方法,但这种方法会导致不同程度的关节僵硬及腓骨肌腱粘连,引起术后后足疼痛。

目的:探讨跟骨骨折切开复位内固定中保留腓骨肌腱鞘完整对后足活动的影响。

方法:选取滨州医学院附属医院足踝外科自2016年7月至2017年9月收治的160例移位跟骨关节内骨折患者,将其随机分为对照组和试验组,均采用经典的外侧“L”形切口,其中对照组采用传统动态牵开腓骨肌腱的方式显露跟骨,试验组采用保留腓骨肌腱鞘完整性静态牵开方式显露跟骨。试验方案于2016-02-18获滨州医学院附属医院伦理委员会批准,批准号:伦研批第2016-G026-01号。

结果与结论:获得完整随访资料的患者共156例,对照组78例,试验组78例。2组患者内固定后第1天的目测类比评分、内固定后第3个月的Bohler角和Gissane角、内固定后第6个月的踝关节背伸和跖屈角度接近。试验组患者在内固定后第6个月的内、外翻角度及在内固定后1年足踝临床后足评分系统评分均优于对照组;同时末次随访时试验组患者后足Maryland优良率高于对照组。对照组中有4例发生切口并发症,包括1例切口感染、3例切口坏死;试验组中有2例发生坏死。提示保留腓骨肌腱鞘完整可以显著改善跟骨骨折内固定后后足的活动度,提升患者的满意度,同时不会增加切口并发症的发生率。

ORCID: 0000-0002-3319-3895(赵永杰)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 跟骨骨折, 腓骨肌腱鞘, 后足功能, 足踝临床后足评分系统, Maryland后足功能评价, 目测类比评分, 不良反应, 随访评价

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Calcaneal fracture is the most common patella fracture. Traditionally, surgical treatment via an enlarged lateral approach is the gold standard method for the treatment of calcaneal fractures. However, this method can lead to joint stiffness and peroneal tendon adhesion to different extents, resulting in postoperative foot pain.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of preserving the integrity of peroneal tendon sheath on hindfoot movement during open reduction and internal fixation of calcaneus fractures.

METHODS: A total of 160 patients with displaced intra-articular calcaneus fractures who were admitted to the Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University from July 2016 to September 2017 were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group. The classical lateral “L” incision was used in both groups. In the control group, the calcaneus was exposed by traditional dynamic retraction of the fibular tendon, while the experimental group was treated by static retraction with the preservation of fibular tendon sheath. The trial protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University on February 18, 2016 with the approval No. 2016-G026-01.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were 156 patients with complete follow-up data, 78 in the control group and 78 in the experimental group. The visual analogue scale scores on the first day, Bohler angle and Gissane angle at the 3rd month, and ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion angle at the 6th month of internal fixation were similar in the two groups. Hind foot valgus and varus angles at the 6th month of internal fixation and the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale scores at the 1st year of internal fixation in the experimental group were better than those in the control group. Meanwhile, the excellent and good rate of Maryland hindfoot scoring system in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group at the last follow-up. There were four cases of incision complications in the control group (one case of infection and three cases of necrosis) and two cases of necrosis in the experimental group. These findings indicate that calcaneus fracture surgery with preserving the integrity of peroneal tendon sheath can significantly improve the mobility of the hindfoot, and improve the patient’s satisfaction, and meanwhile do not increase the incidence of incision complications.

Key words: calcaneal fracture, fibula tendon sheath, hind foot function, AOFAS Ankle-Hindfoot Scale, Maryland hindfoot scoring system, visual analogue scale, adverse reaction, follow-up assessment

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