中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (4): 499-503.doi: 10.12307/2022.082

• 组织工程骨材料Tissue-engineered bone • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮椎体成形骨水泥呈弥散型分布可减少邻近椎体再骨折的发生率

沈  松1,徐  彬2   

  1. 1山西医科大学,山西省太原市   030001;2山西医科大学第一医院,山西省太原市   030001
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-07 修回日期:2020-09-09 接受日期:2020-10-16 出版日期:2022-02-08 发布日期:2021-11-03
  • 通讯作者: 徐彬,主任医师,硕士生导师,山西医科大学第一医院,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:沈松,男,1992年生,河南省信阳市人,汉族,山西医科大学第一临床医学院在读硕士,主要从事脊柱微创方面的研究。

Diffuse distribution of bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty reduces the incidence of refracture of adjacent vertebral bodies

Shen Song1, Xu Bin2   

  1. 1Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-09-07 Revised:2020-09-09 Accepted:2020-10-16 Online:2022-02-08 Published:2021-11-03
  • Contact: Xu Bin, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Shen Song, Master candidate, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
经皮椎体成形手术:属于微创手术,是通过穿刺向伤椎椎体内注入骨水泥以达到强化椎体、增加椎体稳定性的目的,从而减少对椎体内神经末梢的刺激,有效缓解伤椎椎体的疼痛,是治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的方法之一。
骨水泥:是一种骨黏固剂,其主要成分是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯,主要用于人工关节置换,也可用于填补修复部分骨缺损,可恢复骨的强度和刚度,在经皮椎体成形术中用于填补椎体的压缩骨折,骨水泥在椎体内的分布形态会对临床疗效产生影响。
背景:经皮椎体成形是治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的有效治疗方法之一,骨水泥在椎体内的分布形态会对其临床疗效产生影响。
目的:探讨经皮椎体成形治疗中骨水泥分布形态对骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折术后早期疗效的影响。
方法:选择2017年1月至2019年6月山西医科大学第一医院收治的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者132例,其中男52例,女80例,年龄(76.3±8.2)岁,经皮椎体成形治疗后根据X射线片上的骨水泥分布形态分为弥散不良组(n=54)和弥散分布组(n=78)。对比两组术后目测类比评分、伤椎椎体前缘高度及中线高度、局部后凸Cobb角与术后随访1年并发症的发生率。研究的实施符合山西医科大学第一医院对研究的相关伦理要求。
结果与结论:①两组术后2 d、1个月、6个月的目测类比评分均低于术前(P < 0.05);弥散不良组术后1个月的目测类比评分高于弥散分布组(P < 0.05),两组间术后2 d、6个月的评分比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②两组术后的局部后凸Cobb角、椎体前缘及中间高度均较术前改善(P < 0.05),两组间术后局部后凸Cobb角、椎体前缘及中间高度比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③两组间骨水泥渗漏率比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05),弥散分布组邻近椎体再发骨折发生率低于弥散不良组(P < 0.05);④结果表明,经皮椎体成形是骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的有效治疗方法,骨水泥在椎体内的分布会影响手术效果,骨水泥分布弥散可以减少伤椎邻近椎体再发骨折的发生率。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4654-7549 (沈松) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料口腔生物材料纳米材料缓释材料材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: , 材料, 骨水泥, 椎体成形, 骨质疏松, 椎体, 压缩性骨折, 目测类比评分, 骨密度, 渗漏

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty is one of the effective treatments for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The distribution of bone cement in the vertebral body will influence the clinical efficacy.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of the distribution of bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty on the early postoperative outcomes after osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. 
METHODS: A total of 132 patients, including 52 males and 80 females, with a mean age of (76.3±8.2) years who diagnosed as osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from January 2017 to June 2019 were enrolled. All patients were divided into underdispersion group (n=54) and diffuse distribution group (n=78) according to the pattern of cement distribution on postoperative X-rays. Visual analogue scale scores postoperatively, the height of anterior edge and midline of injured vertebrae, Cobb angle of local kyphosis and the incidence of complications after 1-year follow-up were compared between the two groups. The trial was performed in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements for research in the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The visual analogue scale scores were lower at 2 days, 1 and 6 months after operation than those before operation in the two groups (P < 0.05). The visual analogue scale scores at 1 month after operation in the underdispersion group were higher than those in the diffuse distribution group (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 2 days and 6 months after operation (P > 0.05). (2) Cobb angle and vertebral body height improved in both groups postoperatively compared to preoperatively (P < 0.05). The difference in Cobb angle and vertebral body height was not statistically significant between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) The rate of bone cement infiltration was not significantly different between the two groups (P > 0.05). Incidence of recurrent fractures in adjacent vertebrae was lower in the diffuse distribution group than that in the underdispersion group (P < 0.05). (4) These findings confirm that percutaneous vertebroplasty is an effective treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The distribution of bone cement in the vertebral body will affect the surgical results. The bone cement is diffusely distributed, which may reduce the incidence of recurrent fractures in adjacent vertebrae.

Key words: bone, material, bone cement, percutaneous vertebroplasty, osteoporosis, vertebrae, compression fractures, visual analogue scale, bone mineral density, leakage

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