中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (18): 2822-2826.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.3844

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

3D打印联合关节镜下机械臂辅助经皮螺钉内固定治疗跟骨骨折

刘延子,高武长   

  1. 淄博市第七人民医院足踝外科,山东省淄博市   255000
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-20 修回日期:2020-07-22 接受日期:2020-08-25 出版日期:2021-06-28 发布日期:2021-01-11
  • 通讯作者: 高武长,主任医师,淄博市第七人民医院足踝外科,山东省淄博市 255000
  • 作者简介:刘延子,男,1990年生,山东省淄博市人,汉族,2020年滨州医学院毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事足踝微创治疗方面的研究。

Three-dimensional printing combined with subtalar arthroscope assisted reduction and internal fixation with percutaneous screw with mechanical arm for calcaneal fractures

Liu Yanzi, Gao Wuchang   

  1. Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Zibo Seventh People’s Hospital, Zibo 255000, Shandong Province, China 
  • Received:2020-07-20 Revised:2020-07-22 Accepted:2020-08-25 Online:2021-06-28 Published:2021-01-11
  • Contact: Gao Wuchang, Chief physician, Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Zibo Seventh People’s Hospital, Zibo 255000, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Liu Yanzi, Master, Physician, Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Zibo Seventh People’s Hospital, Zibo 255000, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
3D打印:是一种成型添加生产技术,本质是“分层制造、逐层叠加”,现已在临床广泛应用。
机械臂系统:由机械臂、光学定位系统、末端器械、主控器械、台车等构成,通过图像采集、图像拟合,通过电脑控制实现精准置钉。

背景:跟骨骨折治疗经历了漫长历史,传统L形入路是临床应用最广泛的手术入路,其暴露充分,但术后并发症较高,如何在减少术后并发症前提下实现跟骨骨折精准内固定是目前医学界研究的方向,3D打印、关节镜及机器人辅助技术为此提供了新的治疗思路。  
目的:探讨3D打印联合距下关节镜监视下机械臂辅助经皮螺钉内固定治疗跟骨骨折的临床效果。                                          
方法:纳入62例SandersⅡ,Ⅲ型跟骨骨折患者,随机分为2组,观察组30例行3D打印联合距下关节镜监视下机械臂辅助经皮螺钉内固定治疗,传统组32例行传统L形入路手术。记录并对比两组术前等待时间、手术时间、螺钉置入精准率、术中透视次数、出血量、术后并发症发生率、骨折愈合时间、跟骨宽度、Bohler角、Gissane角等恢复情况,另外进行目测类比评分及Maryland评分。
结果与结论:①观察组术前等待时间、手术时间、术中透视次数、出血量、术后并发症发生率、骨折愈合时间均少于传统组(P < 0.05);②观察组螺钉置入精准率高于传统组(P < 0.05);③两组术后目测类比评分及Maryland评分比较,差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④提示3D打印联合距下关节镜监视下机械臂辅助经皮螺钉内固定治疗跟骨骨折切口微创、术前等待时间短、手术时间短、螺钉置入精准、术后并发症低、骨折愈合快,是个性化治疗跟骨骨折疗效可靠的治疗方案。

关键词: 跟骨骨折, 经皮螺钉, 内固定, 3D打印, 距下关节镜, 机械臂

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of calcaneal fracture has a long history. Traditional L-shaped approach is the most widely used surgical approach, fully exposed, but with a high postoperative complication rate. How to achieve accurate internal fixation of calcaneal fracture while reducing postoperative complications is the current direction of medical research. Three dimensional (3D) printing, arthroscopy, and robotic-assisted surgery offer new ideas for treatment.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical effect of 3D printing combined with subtalar arthroscope assisted reduction and internal fixation with percutaneous screw assisted by mechanical arm for calcaneal fractures. 
METHODS: Totally 62 patients with Sanders II and Sanders III calcaneal fractures were enrolled and divided into two groups. The observation group (n=30) received 3D printing combined with subtalar arthroscope assisted reduction and internal fixation with percutaneous screw assisted by mechanical arm. The traditional group (n=32) received traditional L-shaped approach. Preoperative waiting time, surgical time, accuracy of screw placement, fluoroscopy times, blood loss, incidence of postoperative complications, fracture healing time, calcaneal width, Bohler angle, Gissane angle, visual analogue scale scores, and Maryland scores were recorded and compared between the two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The preoperative waiting time, surgical time, fluoroscopy times, blood loss, incidence of postoperative complications, and fracture healing time of the observation group were all less than those of the traditional group (P < 0.05). (2) The precision rate of screw placement in the observation group was much higher than that in the traditional group (P < 0.05). (3) Visual analogue scale scores and Maryland scores had no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) It is indicated that 3D printing combined with subtalar arthroscope assisted reduction and internal fixiation with percutaneous screw assisted by mechanical arm for calcaneal fractures is minimally invasive, with short preoperative waiting time, short operation time, accurate screw placement, low postoperative complications and less healing time; it is a reliable treatment for calcaneal fractures.

Key words: calcaneal fracture, percutaneous screw, internal fixation, 3D printing, subtalar arthroscopy, mechanical arm

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