中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (6): 866-872.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2389

• 人工假体Artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

全膝关节置换过程中鸡尾酒疗法联合股神经阻滞的镇痛效果

张念军1,2,陈  茹3   

  1. 1广州中医药大学,广东省广州市   510006;2广州中医药大学附属佛山市中医院骨十科,广东省佛山市   528000 ;3南方医科大学顺德医院中医科,广东省佛山市   528300
  • 收稿日期:2020-02-26 修回日期:2020-03-05 接受日期:2020-04-15 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2020-12-03
  • 通讯作者: 陈茹,博士,主治医师,南方医科大学顺德医院中医科,广东省佛山市 528300
  • 作者简介:张念军,男,1986年生,山东省日照市人,汉族,广州中医药大学在读博士,主治中医师,主要从事关节骨科方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    佛山市卫生和计生局医学科研课题(20180088)

Analgesic effect of cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block on total knee arthroplasty

Zhang Nianjun1, 2, Chen Ru3   

  1. 1Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; 2Tenth Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China; 3Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528300, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-02-26 Revised:2020-03-05 Accepted:2020-04-15 Online:2021-02-28 Published:2020-12-03
  • Contact: Chen Ru, MD, Attending physician, Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan 528300, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Nianjun, Doctoral candidate, Attending TCM physician, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; Tenth Department of Orthopedics, Foshan Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Foshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Medical Research Project of Foshan Health and Family Planning Bureau, No. 20180088

摘要:

文题释义:
鸡尾酒疗法:是指在膝关节切口周围注射多种药物混合制剂,以达到术后预防性镇痛的目的,类似于含有多种成分的鸡尾酒,故又称为鸡尾酒疗法。鸡尾酒疗法是多模式镇痛中的重要组成环节,可短期内控制术后疼痛、减少不良反应并促进患者功能恢复。
股神经阻滞镇痛:是超声引导下的股神经阻滞技术,操作中可观察到股神经的位置和局麻药液的扩散情况和范围,减轻患者的疼痛,降低麻醉相关并发症发生的可能性。

背景:全膝关节置换是挽救膝关节功能的重要措施,但术后疼痛给患者造成极大痛苦。多模式镇痛背景下,鸡尾酒疗法、股神经阻滞被广泛用于临床,镇痛效果确切;但是两种方法同时使用的镇痛效果及安全性不明,因此需要更多的临床证据。
目的:观察鸡尾酒疗法联合股神经阻滞对全膝关节置换后镇痛、功能恢复的影响及安全性,为临床提供参考。
方法:纳入100例初次单侧全膝关节置换患者,按照随机数字表分成2组(n=50),A组为鸡尾酒疗法联合股神经阻滞镇痛组,B组为等量生理盐水+股神经阻滞镇痛组。比较两组患者术后静息状态下目测类比评分、膝关节活动度、整体疼痛评分及不良反应发生情况,并记录镇痛药物使用时间及频次。
结果与结论:①在术后 24,36,48 h,A组的目测类比评分均低于B组(P < 0.05);而在术后 12,72 h 两组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②在术后第1,3天,A组的膝关节活动度高于B组(P < 0.05);术后第14天、1个月、3个月,两组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③术后3个月,两组的整体疼痛评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④在不良反应及追加镇痛药物方面两组差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤提示鸡尾酒疗法联合股神经阻滞能缓解全膝关节置换后早期的静息性疼痛,对早期膝关节活动度有一定的改善,且安全有效。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9901-1724 (张念军) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 膝, 关节, 膝关节置换, 鸡尾酒, 股神经阻滞, 活动度, 疼痛, 不良反应

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty is an important measure to save the function of knee joint, but the postoperative pain caused great pain to patients. On the background of multimodal analgesia, cocktail therapy and femoral nerve block are widely used in clinic, and the analgesic effect is exact; however, the analgesic effect and safety of the two methods used together are unknown, so more clinical evidence is needed. 
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect and safety of analgesic and functional recovery of cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block after total knee arthroplasty. 
METHODS: Totally 100 patients undergoing primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty were enrolled. One hundred patients were randomly divided into two groups (n=50 per group) according to the table of random numbers. Group A was given cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block; group B received the injection of same volume of normal saline surrounding the knee joint combined with femoral nerve block. The postoperative resting-state visual analogue scale score, knee joint range of motion, global pain scale, and incidences of adverse reactions were compared between groups. The time and frequency of analgesic drugs were recorded. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The postoperative visual analogue scale score at rest in the group A was significantly lower than that in the group B at 24, 36 and 48 hours postoperatively (P < 0.05). The scores at 12 and 72 hours did not differ significantly between groups (P > 0.05). (2) The knee joint range of motion on postoperative 1 and 3 days in the group A was significantly higher than that in the group B (P < 0.05), and no significant difference was detected at 14 days, 1 and 3 months postoperatively (P > 0.05). (3) At 3 months after operation, there was no significant difference in the Global Pain Scale between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) There was no significant difference in incidences of adverse reactions and additional analgesics between the two groups (P > 0.05). (5) In summary, cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block can relieve the early resting pain after total knee arthroplasty, and improve the activity of knee joint in the early stage, which is safe and effective.

Key words: knee, joint, knee arthroplasty, cocktail, femoral nerve block, motion range, pain, adverse reactions

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