中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (23): 3667-3672.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2660

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

跟腱内侧小切口经皮编织改良Kessler缝合治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂

王小龙1,韩超前1,郝增涛1,殷 超1,温树正1,王继宏1,樊东升1,王永飞1,姜 东1,张国荣1,闫学东2,孙 韬3,张志勇3, 景尚斐1   

  1. 内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院,1手足显微外科,3急诊外科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市  010030;2鄂尔多斯市第二人民医院骨科,内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市  017200
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-31 修回日期:2019-09-02 接受日期:2019-10-15 出版日期:2020-08-18 发布日期:2020-07-30
  • 通讯作者: 景尚斐,博士,副主任医师,副教授,内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院手足显微外科,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市 010030
  • 作者简介:王小龙,男,1988年生,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市人,汉族,2015年内蒙古医科大学毕业,硕士,主治医师,主要从事骨科、手足显微外科的临床与基础研究。 并列第一作者:韩超前,男,1987年生,内蒙古自治区呼和浩特市人,汉族,2011年内蒙古医科大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事手足显微外科的临床与基础研究。
  • 基金资助:

    内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2016MS0822),项目负责人:王继宏;内蒙古自治区自然科学基金(2017BS0309),项目负责人:景尚斐

Percutaneous woven modified Kessler suture for a small medial incision of the Achilles tendon in treatment of acute closed Achilles tendon rupture

Wang Xiaolong1, Han Chaoqian1, Hao Zengtao1, Yin Chao1, Wen Shuzheng1, Wang Jihong1, Fan Dongsheng1, Wang Yongfei1, Jiang Dong1, Zhang Guorong1, Yan Xuedong2, Sun Tao3, Zhang Zhiyong3, Jing Shangfei1   

  1. 1Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, 3Department of Emergency Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China; 2Department of Orthopaedics, the Second People’s Hospital of Erdos City, Erdos 017200, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2019-08-31 Revised:2019-09-02 Accepted:2019-10-15 Online:2020-08-18 Published:2020-07-30
  • Contact: Jing Shangfei, MD, Associate chief physician, Associate professor, Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Wang Xiaolong, Master, Attending physician, Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Han Chaoqian, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010030, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Wang Xiaolong and Han Chaoqian contributed equally to this work.
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2016MS0822 (to WJH) and 2017BS0309 (to JSF)

摘要:

文题释义:

跟腱断裂:即跟腱组织的断裂,一般是由间接暴力或直接暴力所引起,以跟腱局部明显肿胀、疼痛、跖屈无力、不能踮脚站立、跛行为主要表现。体格检查可触及跟腱断裂处凹陷,无法完成单足提踵功能,Thompson试验(+)。超声检查和MRI检查可进一步明确诊断跟腱断裂部位。

跟腱缝合方法:由于肌腱愈合的机制特点,术后极有可能产生粘连,故在缝合材料和缝合方式方面有特殊性。跟腱断端的微创治疗方法主要包括卵圆钳辅助穿针修复术、带线锚钉修复术、Achillon吻合器修复术以及内镜下修复术等,缝合方法主要包括Bunnell缝合、Kessler缝合及Krackow缝合。

背景:传统开放缝合术治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂可以明显降低腓肠神经损伤以及跟腱再次断裂的风险,但却增加了切口相关并发症以及组织粘连等问题。虽然Krackow缝合法强度更大,但难以做到小切口微创手术,以及过多的锁扣加强缝合可能会影响跟腱血供。而经皮编织改良 Kessler缝合法不仅缝合处光滑平整,相对牢固,而且张力较强,跟腱功能恢复好,还可以做到微创。

目的:通过与开放缝合术对比,探讨跟腱内侧小切口经皮编织改良Kessler缝合治疗急性闭合性跟腱断裂的临床疗效。

方法:回顾性分析内蒙古医科大学第二附属医院手足显微外科于2015年6月至2018年6月期间诊治的72例急性闭合性跟腱断裂患者临床资料,根据手术方式的不同将患者分为开放组和腱内侧微创组(n=36),分别采用常规开放改良Kessler缝合手术治疗和跟腱内侧小切口经皮编织改良Kessler缝合术治疗,对比两组患者的手术时间、住院时间、术中出血量、切口长度、伤口愈合情况、并发症发生情况以及临床疗效。

结果与结论:①与开放组相比,腱内侧微创组的手术时间和住院时间更短、术中出血量更少、切口长度更短(P < 0.05);②腱内侧微创组患者治疗后6个月的ATRS评分和AOFAS评分明显高于开放组(P < 0.05),但两组患者治疗后1年的ATRS评分和AOFAS评分却无明显差别(P ˃ 0.05);③两组患者治疗后1年的临床疗效优良率差异无显著性意义(P ˃ 0.05);④腱内侧微创组的总体并发症发生率明显低于开放组(P < 0.05),其中主要为切口相关并发症;⑤结果表明,与开放改良Kessler缝合术相比,跟腱内侧小切口经皮编织改良Kessler缝合具有操作简单、价格低廉、围术期指标突出、术后切口并发症发生率低、短期疗效显著等优点。

ORCID: 0000-0003-2610-5380(王小龙)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

关键词: 跟腱断裂, 微创, 外科手术, 小切口, 改良Kessler缝合术

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Traditional open suture for the treatment of acute closed Achilles tendon rupture can significantly reduce the risk of gastrocnemius nerve injury and re-rupture of Achilles tendon, but this suture method can increase incision-related complications and result in tissue adhesion. Although the Krackow suture method is more powerful, it is difficult to perform minimally invasive surgery with small incisions, and excessive locks to strengthen the suture may affect the blood supply in the Achilles tendon. The percutaneous woven modified Kessler suture method is not only smooth, flat, and relatively strong, but also has strong tension. This is a minimally invasive method that can achieve good functional recovery of the Achilles tendon.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effect of percutaneous woven modified Kessler suture of a small medial incision of the Achilles tendon in the treatment of acute closed Achilles tendon rupture in comparison with the open suture method.

METHODS: Clinical data of 72 patients with acute closed Achilles tendon rupture diagnosed at Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University between June 2015 and June 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were divided into open group and minimally invasive group of medial Achilles tendon (n=36 per group). The operation time, hospitalization time, blood loss, length of incision, wound healing, complications, and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University in China.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the open group, the minimally invasive group of medial Achilles tendon had shorter operation time and hospitalization time, less blood loss, and shorter incision length (P < 0.05). The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) and Achilles tendon total rupture (ATRS) scores of the minimally invasive group of medial Achilles tendon were significantly higher than that of the open group at 6 months after surgery (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the ATRS score and the AOFAS score at 1 year after surgery (P ˃ 0.05). There was no significant difference in the excellent and good rate between the two groups at 1 year after surgery (P ˃ 0.05). The overall complication rate of the minimally invasive group of medial Achilles tendon was significantly lower than that of the open group (P < 0.05), and incision-related complications were confirmed to be the main postoperative complications. To conclude, compared with the open modified Kessler suture, percutaneous woven modified Kessler suture for the small medial incision of the Achilles tendon has some benefits, including simpler operation, lower price, more prominent perioperative index, lower incidence of postoperative incision-related complications, and better short-term efficacy.

Key words: Achilles tendon rupture, minimally invasive, surgical procedures, small incision, modified Kessler suture

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