中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (27): 4333-4338.doi: 10.12307/2021.192

• 脊柱植入物 spinal implant • 上一篇    下一篇

经皮椎间孔镜下椎间盘切除治疗伴有高髂嵴的L5/S1椎间盘突出症

崔冠宇,舒  雄,刘亚军,孙宇庆,何  达,刘  波,田  伟   

  1. 1北京积水潭医院(北京大学第四临床医学院)脊柱外科,北京市   100035;2 北京市创伤骨科研究所,北京市   100035
  • 收稿日期:2020-07-13 修回日期:2020-07-14 接受日期:2020-09-15 出版日期:2021-09-28 发布日期:2021-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 田伟,教授,博士生导师,主任医师,北京积水潭医院脊柱外科,北京市 100035
  • 作者简介:崔冠宇,男,1980年生,汉族,2013年北京大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科的临床和基础研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年基金项目 (81201433),项目负责人:崔冠宇

Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy for the treatment of high iliac crest L5/S1 disc herniation

Cui Guanyu, Shu Xiong, Liu Yajun, Sun Yuqing, He Da, Liu Bo, Tian Wei   

  1. 1Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital (Fourth Clinical Medical College, Peking University), Beijing 100035, China; 2Beijing Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Beijing 100035, China
  • Received:2020-07-13 Revised:2020-07-14 Accepted:2020-09-15 Online:2021-09-28 Published:2021-04-10
  • Contact: Tian Wei, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital (Fourth Clinical Medical College, Peking University), Beijing 100035, China
  • About author:Cui Guanyu, MD, Associate chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital (Fourth Clinical Medical College, Peking University), Beijing 100035, China
  • Supported by:
    the Youth Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81201433 (to CGY)

摘要:

文题释义:
经皮椎间孔镜下椎间盘切除:是一种微创的椎间盘突出症治疗手术,通过侧方入路的经椎间孔安全三角穿刺或者后方入路的经椎板间穿刺到达突出的椎间盘,放置工作套筒,在水介质的工作环境中通过内镜直视下摘除突出的髓核组织并进行纤维环成型的手术。
高髂嵴:侧方的髂嵴对侧方入路的经椎间孔安全三角穿刺到达L5/S1突出的椎间盘有一定阻挡作用,尤其在髂嵴较高、L5横突较粗大时。多篇文献中将高髂嵴定义为:侧位X射线片上,髂嵴位于L5椎弓根中部以上。

背景:经皮椎间孔镜下椎间盘切除治疗腰椎间盘突出症在临床上得到越来越广泛的应用,但是应用于高髂嵴L5/S1椎间盘突出症的治疗中由于髂嵴的阻挡增加了手术难度和不确定性。
目的:总结分析侧方入路和椎板间入路椎间孔镜下椎间盘切除治疗伴有高髂嵴的L5/S1椎间盘突出症的适应证和优缺点。
方法:回顾性分析99例经皮椎间孔镜下椎间盘切除患者的病历资料,其中A组31例为侧方入路的伴有高髂嵴的L5/S1椎间盘突出症患者,B组33例为后方椎板间入路的伴有高髂嵴L5/S1椎间盘突出症患者,C组35例为侧方入路的非高髂嵴L5/S1椎间盘突出症患者。记录各组患者手术时间、透视次数、术中及术后并发症发生情况;采用术前、术后1 d、术后3个月、术后2年的目测类比评分评价患者下肢痛程度,通过Oswestry功能障碍指数评定腰椎功能;术后2年随访时采用Macnab标准评价临床疗效。
结果与结论:①A组和C组的手术时间均显著长于B组(P﹤0.05),但A组和C组之间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②A组和C组的术中透视次数均显著多于B组(P﹤0.05);A组的透视次数多于C组,但差异无显著性意义(P﹥0.05);③各组内术后各时间点下肢痛目测类比评分及Oswestry功能障碍指数均较术前明显降低(P﹤0.05);3组之间相比差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④按照MacNab标准术后2年随访时,A、B、C组的优良率均为97%;⑤提示伴有高髂嵴的L5/S1椎间盘突出症患者选用侧方入路较后方入路手术时间长,透视次数多;伴有高髂嵴的L5/S1椎间盘突出症患者选用侧方入路较非高髂嵴的L5/S1椎间盘突出症患者手术时间长,透视次数多,但无统计学差异;伴有高髂嵴的L5/S1椎间盘突出症患者选用后方入路有一定优势,同时要综合考虑椎间盘突出的位置。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6409-403X (崔冠宇) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 腰椎间盘突出症, 微创, 椎间孔镜, 高髂嵴, 侧方入路, 后方椎板间入路

Abstract: BACKGROUND:  In clinic, percutaneous endoscopy is applied more and more in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. However, in the case of high iliac L5/S1 disc herniation, difficulty and uncertainty of the operation increase as the obstruction of the high iliac crest.  
OBJECTIVE: To summarize and analyze indications, advantages and disadvantages of lateral transforaminal percutaneous endoscopy and posterior interlaminar percutaneous endoscopy for treatment of high iliac crest L5/S1 disc herniation.
METHODS:  Medical records were retrospectively analyzed in 99 patients undergoing discectomy by percutaneous endoscopy. There were 31 high iliac crest L5/S1 disc herniation cases treated by lateral transforaminal percutaneous endoscopy (group A), and 33 high iliac crest L5/S1 disc herniation cases treated by posterior interlaminar percutaneous endoscopy (group B), and 35 normal iliac L5/S1 disc herniation cases treated by lateral transforaminal percutaneous endoscopy (group C). Operation time, times of X-ray fluoroscopy, complications during operation and after operation were recorded. Visual analogue scale scores of the patients in pre-operation, 1-day post-operation, 3-month post-operation, 2-year post-operation were applied to evaluate severity of the lower limb pain. Oswestry disability index was applied to evaluate the lumbar function of the patients. Macnab criteria were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy at 2 years follow-up.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The operation time of group A and group C was significantly longer than that of group B (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between group A and group C (P > 0.05). (2) Times of X-ray fluoroscopy of group A and group C were significantly more than those of group B (P < 0.05); the times of X-ray fluoroscopy of group A were more than those of group C, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05). (3) Visual analogue scale scores and Oswestry disability index of lower limb pain at each time point after operation in each group were significantly lower than those before operation (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference among the three groups (P > 0.05). (4) According to MacNab standard, the excellent and good rate of groups A, B and C was 97% at 2 years follow-up. (5) Results suggest that for patients with high iliac crest L5/S1 disc herniation, operation time and times of X-ray fluoroscopy of lateral transforaminal percutaneous endoscopy were more than posterior interlaminar percutaneous endoscopy. Operation time and times of X-ray fluoroscopy of lateral transforaminal percutaneous endoscopy in the treatment of high iliac crest L5/S1 disc herniation were more than the normal iliac crest L5/S1 disc, but the difference was not significant. For the treatment of high iliac crest L5/S1 disc herniation, posterior interlaminar percutaneous endoscopy was superior to lateral transforaminal percutaneous endoscopy in a certain sense, but in practice, we should consider the position of the herniation at the same time.

Key words: lumbar intervertebral disc herniation, mini-invasive, endoscopy, high-iliac crest, lateral approach, posterior interlaminar approach

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