中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (11): 1733-1737.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2547

• 组织构建临床实践 clinical practice in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

开链和闭链训练治疗膝关节半月板损伤

刘  辉,刘  波,张  鑫,赵卫侠,严  攀,敬竹子,梁俊豪,沈  海   

  1. 四川省骨科医院康复科,四川省成都市  610041
  • 收稿日期:2019-08-13 修回日期:2019-08-15 接受日期:2019-10-09 出版日期:2020-04-18 发布日期:2020-02-29
  • 通讯作者: 沈海,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,四川省骨科医院康复科,四川省成都市 610041
  • 作者简介:刘辉,男,1984年生,河北省霸州市人,汉族,主管物理治疗师,主要从事骨科及运动损伤的康复治疗和研究。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省中医药管理局科研专项项目(2016Q028);四川省医学重点学科(骨科)建设项目(川卫办发[2018]53号);区域中医(专科)诊疗中心项目(川中医药函[2018]20号);四川省中医骨科与运动康复临床医学研究中心项目(川科资[2019]29号)

Open and closed kinetic chain exercises for meniscus lesions

Liu Hui, Liu Bo, Zhang Xin, Zhao Weixia, Yan Pan, Jing Zhuzi, Liang Junhao, Shen Hai   

  1. Department of Rehabilitation, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Received:2019-08-13 Revised:2019-08-15 Accepted:2019-10-09 Online:2020-04-18 Published:2020-02-29
  • Contact: Shen Hai, Chief physician, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Rehabilitation, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Liu Hui, Physiotherapist in charge, Department of Rehabilitation, Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Scientific Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 2016Q028; Sichuan Provincial Key Medical Discipline (Orthopedics) Construction Project, No. [2018]53; Regional Chinese Medicine (Specialist) Medical Center Project, No. [2018]20; the Research Project of Sichuan Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center of Traditional Orthopedics and Sports Rehabilitation, No. [2019]29

摘要:

文题释义:
开链运动:是1956年由Steindler在《运动机能学》中首先提出的。指肢体近端固定远端活动的运动,如直腿抬高训练、坐位伸膝训练、行走时的摆动相等。
闭链运动:是1956年由Steindler在《运动机能学》中首先提出的。指肢体远端固定近端活动的运动,如下蹲、骑自行车、上下台阶、行走时的支撑相等。

背景:开链训练和闭链训练均可应用于膝关节半月板损伤,然而两种方法的机制不一样,临床未见两种训练方法改善膝关节半月板损伤的报道。

目的:观察开链训练和闭链训练对青年人膝关节半月板损伤疗效的影响。

方法:49例青年人膝关节半月板损伤采用康复保守治疗的患者,随机数字表法将入选患者分为2组,生物反馈开链组(n=25)采用基础治疗联合终末伸膝生物反馈训练,蹬踏闭链组(n=24)采用基础治疗联合单侧下肢蹬踏训练。其中基础治疗包括电针、手法治疗、徒手运动疗法;生物反馈开链训练采用加拿大Thought 公司生产的Myotrac infiniti生物反馈仪进行刺激训练;蹬踏闭链训练采用德国GYM80智能力量训练系统蹬踏配件进行训练。1次/d,连续3周。使用膝关节屈、伸、全关节活动度,目测类比评定级法评分、改良Lysholm膝关节评分、日常生活活动能力评分进行疗效评价。研究方案的实施符合四川省骨科医院的相关伦理要求,患者对试验过程完全知情同意。

结果与结论:①在关节活动度方面:生物反馈开链组屈、伸、全关节活动度优于治疗前(P < 0.05);蹬踏闭链组伸、全关节活动度优于治疗前(P < 0.05);生物反馈开链组较蹬踏闭链组改善关节活动度较好,但组间差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②在疼痛和功能方面:2组治疗后目测类比评定级法评分、改良Lysholm膝关节评分、日常生活活动能力评分优于治疗前(P < 0.05);蹬踏闭链组治疗后日常生活活动能力评分好于生物反馈开链组(P < 0.05);2组在改善膝关节活动度、疼痛和功能方面均有效果;③结果说明,生物反馈开链组在改善关节活动度方面疗效较好;在控制疼痛的基础上,蹬踏闭链组在改善膝关节功能和日常生活活动能力方面疗效较好。

ORCID: 0000-0002-0725-3890(刘辉)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程


关键词: 开链训练, 闭链训练, 半月板损伤, 运动疗法

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Both open and closed kinetic chain exercises can be applied to meniscal lesions in the knee joint, but their mechanisms are different. There is still no clinical report on the improvement of meniscus lesions by the two exercise methods.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of open kinetic chain exercise and closed kinetic chain exercise on meniscus lesions in young patients.

METHODS: Forty-nine young patients with meniscus lesions were treated with rehabilitation and conservative treatments. They were randomly divided into two groups using a random digital table method: a biofeedback open kinetic chain group (n=25) treated with basic therapy combined with terminal knee extension biofeedback training, and a leg press closed kinetic chain group (n=24) treated with basic therapy combined with single-leg press training. The basic treatment included electro-acupuncture, manipulation therapy and unarmed exercise therapy. Biofeedback open chain training was conducted with Myotrac infiniti biofeedback instrument produced by Thought, Canada. Closed chain training with leg press was conducted using pedal accessories of GYM80 intelligent strength training system, Germany. All the trainings were conducted once a day for 3 consecutive weeks. Curative effects were assessed by joint range of motion (ROM) during knee joint flexion and extension, total ROM, visual analogue scale score, modified Lysholm knee score, and activity of daily living score. The study protocol was implemented in line with the relevant requirements of Sichuan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital. All the patients were informed of the study procedures.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Assessment for ROM: After treatment, the ROM during joint flexion and extension and total ROM in the biofeedback open kinetic chain group were significantly better than the baseline (P < 0.05), the ROM during joint extension and total ROM in the leg press closed kinetic chain group were significantly better than the baseline (P < 0.05), and the ROM in the biofeedback open kinetic chain group was higher than that in the leg press closed kinetic chain group, but there was no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). Assessment for pain and function: The two groups had statistically significant improvements on visual analogue scale score, modified Lysholm knee score, and activity of daily living score after treatment (P < 0.05). Compared with the biofeedback open kinetic chain group, the activity of daily living score was higher in the leg press closed kinetic chain group (P < 0.05). The two groups had satisfactory effects on the knee joint ROM, pain and functional performance. Therefore, biofeedback open kinetic chain exercise has a better improvement on the knee joint ROM, while the leg press closed kinetic chain exercise shows better outcomes in the improvement of knee functional performance and activity of daily living based on the basis of pain control.

Key words: open kinetic chain exercise, closed kinetic chain exercise, meniscus lesions, exercise therapy

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