中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (25): 4068-4072.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2074

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

间充质干细胞源性外泌体在骨科疾病治疗中的作用与应用前景

 1,王智慧1,吴  1,赵  2   

  1. 承德医学院附属医院,1关节外科,2病理科,河北省承德市  067000

  • 收稿日期:2019-09-07 修回日期:2019-09-12 接受日期:2019-11-07 出版日期:2020-09-08 发布日期:2020-08-26
  • 作者简介:李嘉,男,1983年生,河北省石家庄市人,汉族,2012年河北医科大学毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事关节疾病的诊治及运动损伤的微创治疗

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in the treatment of orthopedic diseases: roles and prospects  

Li Jia1, Wang Zhihui1, Wu Di1, Zhao Yang2    

  1. 1Department of Joint Surgery, 2Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China

  • Received:2019-09-07 Revised:2019-09-12 Accepted:2019-11-07 Online:2020-09-08 Published:2020-08-26
  • About author:Li Jia, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Joint Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College, Chengde 067000, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:

外泌体:30-150 nm的细胞外囊泡,因其包含有大量的蛋白分子、DNARNAmRNA microRNA等,能够通过细胞间的传递发挥重要作用。多种细胞在正常及病理状态下均可分泌外泌体。外泌体的功能取决于其所来源的细胞类型,可参与到机体免疫应答、细胞迁移、细胞分化、肿瘤侵袭等多个方面。

间充质干细胞:是干细胞家族的重要成员,来源于发育早期的中胚层,属于多能干细胞,以骨髓中含量最多,因其具有多向分化潜能、造血支持和促进干细胞植入、免疫调控和自我复制等特点而日益受到人们的关注。

 

摘要

背景:间充质干细胞源性外泌体具有多种与间充质干细胞相似的生物学功能。近年来大量研究证实干细胞源性外泌体可在诸如心肌、肝脏、皮肤等损伤修复中发挥重要作用,有望成为新的疾病诊疗方法,但其在骨科领域应用相对较少,值得深入研究和探索。

目的:综述间充质干细胞源性外泌体用于骨及软组织损伤修复的最新研究成果及治疗进展。

方法:“间充质干细胞,外泌体,骨,软骨,椎间盘,关节炎,神经,肌腱”为中文检索词,检索中国知网数据库,以“mesenchymal stem cellsexosomesbone cartilagearthritisintervertebral disctendonnerve”为英文检索词,检索PubMed数据库,检索语种为中文和英文,共检索文献388篇,依据纳入和排除标准,最终纳入相关文献50篇。

结果与结论:①间充质干细胞源性外泌体在一定条件下能够促进软骨细胞和成骨细胞生成,延缓骨关节炎进程;②间充质干细胞源性外泌体通过抗氧化和抗炎作用改善椎间盘退变;③间充质干细胞源性外泌体可通过多种途径促进骨折愈合,是潜在的促骨折愈合生物学材料。

ORCID: 0000-0003-1973-4082(李嘉)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词:

间充质干细胞, 外泌体,  骨,  软骨,  椎间盘,  软骨细胞,  成骨细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have many biological functions similar to mesenchymal stem cells. In recent years, a large number of studies have confirmed that stem cell-derived exosomes can play an important role in the repair of injuries such as myocardium, liver, skin and so on, which are expected to become a new method of disease diagnosis and treatment. However, its application in orthopedics is little reported, which deserves further study and exploration.

OBJECTIVE: To review the latest research results and new advances in the use of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in bone and soft tissue injury repair.

METHODS: CNKI and PubMed databases were retrieved with the keywords of “mesenchymal stem cells,


Exosomes, bone cartilage, arthritis, intervertebral disc, tendon, nerve” in Chinese and English, respectively. Initially, 388 articles were retrieved, and 50 eligible articles were finally included.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can promote the formation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts under certain conditions, and it can also retard the progression of osteoarthritis. The mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes can improve intervertebral disc degeneration through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosome is a potential biomaterial for promoting fracture healing through a variety of pathways.

Key words:

mesenchymal stem cells,  exosomes, bone,  cartilage,  intervertebral disc,  chondrocytes,  osteoblasts

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