中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (25): 4073-4080.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2088

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

外泌体介导miRNAs在脑胶质瘤治疗中的作用与应用

曾昭穆1,温稀超1,张雨豪1,耿连婷1,申  2,郑克彬1   

  1. 河北大学附属医院,1神经外科,2中心实验室,河北省保定市  071000

  • 收稿日期:2019-09-26 修回日期:2019-09-28 接受日期:2019-10-31 出版日期:2020-09-08 发布日期:2020-08-26
  • 通讯作者: 郑克彬,博士,主任医师,河北大学附属医院神经外科,河北省保定市 071000
  • 作者简介:曾昭穆,男,1993年生,江西省吉安市人,汉族,河北大学在读硕士,主要从事胶质瘤基因治疗方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    河北省自然科学基金项目(H2016201238)

Role and application of exosomes-mediated miRNAs in the treatment of glioma 

Zeng Zhaomu1, Wen Xichao1, Zhang Yuhao1, Geng Lianting1, Shen Yang2, Zheng Kebin1    

  1. 1Department of Neurosurgery, 2Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China

  • Received:2019-09-26 Revised:2019-09-28 Accepted:2019-10-31 Online:2020-09-08 Published:2020-08-26
  • Contact: Zheng Kebin, MD, Chief physician, Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Zeng Zhaomu, Master candidate, Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:

    the Natural Science Foundation Project of Hebei Province, No. H2016201238

摘要:

文题释义:

脑胶质瘤:是恶性程度高、侵袭性强的中枢神经系统肿瘤,临床手术辅以放疗和化疗是当前胶质瘤的主要治疗手段。即使采取多种高强度的治疗措施,胶质瘤患者的预后不良和复发率仍然很高,术后的生存时间并没有明显延长。

外泌体miRNAs:外泌体可稳定存在于血液、尿液、脑脊液等体液中,其内包含2 838miRNAs,这些miRNAs不仅在胶质瘤的增殖、侵袭、耐药和免疫等方面发挥着重要的调控作用,同时在胶质瘤的诊治及预后等方面也具有广阔的应用前景。

 

摘要

背景:近年来,外泌体已成为肿瘤领域的研究热点,其可以通过携带大量生物活性分子,直接运送至受体细胞,参与细胞间的信息交流。而miRNAs作为外泌体中含量最高、种类最多的非编码RNA,在胶质瘤的增殖﹑侵袭﹑耐药和免疫等方面发挥着重要的作用。另外,miRNAs在胶质瘤的辅助诊断、治疗导向和预后评估等方面也具有潜在的应用价值。

目的:阐述外泌体miRNAs的分选机制、在胶质瘤中的调控作用以及临床应用,为进一步探究外泌体miRNAs与胶质瘤的相关性提供文献和理论基础,同时在胶质瘤的诊治等方面也具有积极的意义。

方法:由第一作者以“胶质瘤,外泌体,miRNAs,分选机制,生物标志物”为中文检索词,以“gliomaexosomesmiRNAssorting mechanismbiomarkers”为英文检索词,通过计算机检索CNKI、万方数据库、PubMed数据库以及EI数据库,检索出相关文献118篇,根据纳入与排除标准,并进行文献增补,筛选出52篇文献进行汇总、归纳,主要包括外泌体miRNAs分选机制、在胶质瘤中的调控作用以及临床应用等相关内容。

结果与结论:目前,尽管采取多种高强度的联合治疗方案,胶质瘤的有效治疗仍然不能满足临床需求,在这种情况下提出外泌体介导miRNAs应用于脑胶质瘤基因治疗,是对脑胶质瘤患者临床治疗的重要补充。外泌体介导的miRNAs不仅可以在脑胶质瘤的发生发展、侵袭转移、放化疗耐药、免疫调控等方面发挥调控作用,同时还作为一种生物标志物在脑胶质瘤的分级诊断﹑预后评估﹑治疗用途等方面具有潜在的应用价值。这对于进一步探究外泌体miRNAs与胶质瘤的相关性提供了夯实的理论基础,同时在胶质瘤的创新诊治等方面也具有积极的临床意义。

ORCID: 0000-0003-4851-5110(郑克彬)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词:

胶质瘤, 外泌体,  miRNAs,  分选机制,  生物标志物,  综述

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Exosomes have become more and more popular in the field of tumor research in recent years. They can carry a large number of bioactive molecules directly to the receptor cells and participate in the


information exchange between cells. As the highest content and most kinds of non-coding RNA in exosomes, miRNAs play an important role in the proliferation, invasion, drug resistance and immunity of glioma. In addition, miRNAs have potential application value in the auxiliary diagnosis, treatment orientation and prognosis evaluation of glioma.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the mechanism of exosome miRNAs sorting, the regulatory role in gliomas and its clinical application, to provide literature and theoretical basis for further exploring the relationship between exosome miRNAs and gliomas, and to exert positive significance in the diagnosis and treatment of gliomas.

METHODS: The first author searched CNKI, WanFang database, PubMed database and EI database. The key words were “glioma, exosomes, miRNAs, sorting mechanism, biomarkers” in Chinese and English. Totally 118 literatures were retrieved. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and literature supplement, totally 52 literatures were selected for summary and induction, mainly regarding the sorting mechanism of exosome miRNAs, the regulatory role in glioma and clinical application.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At present, the effective treatment of gliomas cannot meet the clinical needs even though a variety of high-intensity combined treatment schemes are adopted in this study. In this case, it is an important supplement for the clinical treatment of gliomas to propose the application of exosomes-mediated miRNAs in gene therapy of gliomas. Exosomes-mediated miRNAs cannot only play a regulatory role in the occurrence and development of glioma, invasion and metastasis, radiochemotherapy resistance, and immune regulation, but also play a potential role as a biomarker in the grading diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, treatment and other aspects of glioma. This will provide a solid theoretical basis for us to further explore the relationship between exosome miRNAs and glioma, and also has a positive clinical significance in the innovative diagnosis and treatment of glioma.

Key words:

glioma,  exosomes,  miRNAs,  sorting mechanism,  biomarkers,  review

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