中国组织工程研究 ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (7): 1076-1082.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2019

• 干细胞培养与分化 stem cell culture and differentiation • 上一篇    下一篇

电刺激联合神经营养素3可促进脊髓损伤大鼠内源性神经干细胞的增殖和分化

张培根1,衡孝来1,解  迪1,王  进1,马靖琳2,康学文2   

  1. 1四川绵阳四〇四医院/川北医学院附属第二医院,四川省绵阳市  621000;2甘肃省骨关节疾病研究重点实验室(兰州大学),甘肃省兰州市  730030
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-14 修回日期:2019-06-18 接受日期:2019-07-20 出版日期:2020-03-08 发布日期:2020-01-19
  • 通讯作者: 康学文,主任医师,教授,硕士导师,甘肃省骨关节疾病研究重点实验室(兰州大学),甘肃省兰州市 730030
  • 作者简介:张培根,男,1977年生,汉族,2009年兰州大学第二临床医学院毕业,硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脊柱外科方向的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃省省青年科技基金计划(145RJYD300)

Electrical stimulation combined with neurotrophin 3 promotes proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells after spinal cord injury in rats

Zhang Peigen1, Heng Xiaolai1, Xie Di1, Wang Jin1, Ma Jinglin2, Kang Xuewen2   

  1. 1Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital/the Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Gansu Province (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
  • Received:2019-06-14 Revised:2019-06-18 Accepted:2019-07-20 Online:2020-03-08 Published:2020-01-19
  • Contact: Kang Xuewen, Chief physician, Professor, Master’s supervisor, Key Laboratory of Orthopedics of Gansu Province (Lanzhou University), Lanzhou 730030, Gansu Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Peigen, Master, Associate chief physician, Sichuan Mianyang 404 Hospital/the Second Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Science and Technology Foundation for the Youth of Gansu Province, No. 145RJYD300

摘要:

文题释义:

神经营养素3:是神经生长因子基因家族的成员,可促进多种中枢和外周神经元的存活和分化,调节神经元突触活动,并对神经系统发育和成熟起重要作用。神经营养素3在损伤条件下对神经元具有保护作用,因而在治疗神经系统疾病和神经损伤中有临床应用前景。

内源性神经干细胞:正常机体中,神经干细胞一般处于静息状态,在特定的生理或病理刺激下被激活,其中侧脑室外侧壁的室下带和海马齿状回的颗粒下带是产生神经干细胞最为活跃的区域,神经系统损伤后,在多种细胞因子、调控基因的调节下发生增殖、迁移和分化等。

背景:由于外源性神经干细胞的获取有限,且容易产生免疫排斥以及伦理问题等严重制约其向临床转化,因此如何激活内源性神经干细胞并促进其生长增殖、分化,成为近期科研工作者究的热点。

目的:探讨电刺激联合神经营养素3对大鼠脊髓损伤后内源性神经干细胞增殖及向神经元分化的作用。

方法:将96只SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、脊髓损伤组、电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组,每组24只。假手术组仅暴露脊髓,其他3组大鼠应用改良Allen法建立脊髓损伤模型,造模后给予相应措施进行干预。造模后7,14,21,28 d时,以BBB评分评价大鼠后肢运动功能,电生理学检查运动诱发电位潜伏期;造模后28 d取材,进行苏木精-伊红染色观察脊髓病理变化,免疫组化染色观察内源性神经干细胞的增殖和分化情况。实验方案经兰州大学第二医院医学伦理委员会批准。

结果与结论:①与假手术组相比,脊髓损伤组大鼠的BBB评分明显降低(P < 0.01),脊髓组织可见大量炎症细胞浸润,并存在多个空洞;与脊髓损伤组相比,电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组大鼠后肢功能开始逐渐恢复,电刺激+神经营养素3组BBB评分明显高于电刺激组(P < 0.05),上述病理损伤变化明显改善;②脊髓损伤组7,14 d及电刺激组大鼠7 d时双后肢运动诱发电位潜伏期均未测出,电刺激组、电刺激+神经营养素3组21,28 d时运动诱发电位潜伏期较模型组缩短(P < 0.05),电刺激+神经营养素3组潜伏期缩短更显著    (P < 0.05);③BrdU和Nestin阳性细胞数、微管相关蛋白2的表达:电刺激+神经营养素3组>电刺激组>脊髓损伤组;胶质纤维酸性蛋白的表达:脊髓损伤组>电刺激组>电刺激+神经营养素3组。结果表明脊髓损伤大鼠经电刺激及神经营养素3干预后,促进内源性神经干细胞增殖和向神经元分化,病理损伤明显减轻,后肢运动功能显著改善。

ORCID: 0000-0002-6353-8874(张培根)

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 脊髓损伤, 内源性神经干细胞, 电刺激, 神经营养素3, 细胞增殖, 细胞分化, 运动功能

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Due to limited access to exogenous neural stem cells, immune rejection and ethical problems, how to activate endogenous neural stem cells and promote their growth, proliferation and differentiation has become an issue of concern.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of electrical stimulation combined with neurotrophin 3 on the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells into neurons after spinal cord injury in rats.

METHODS: Ninety-six rats were randomly divided into sham operation (spinal cord exposed only), spinal cord injury, electrical stimulation, and electrical stimulation+neurotrophin groups, 24 rats in each group. A rat model of spinal cord injury was established by modified Allen method in the latter three groups. After the model was established, the rats in the four groups were given corresponding treatments. At 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after modeling, the motor function of hind limbs was evaluated by Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan score. The latency of motor evoked potential was examined by electrophysiology. At 28 days after modeling, samples of the spinal cord were taken for hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe the pathological changes and for immunohistochemical staining to observe the the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous neural stem cells. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the sham operation group, the Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan score in the spinal cord injury group was significantly decreased (P < 0.01), and a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated into the spinal cord tissues with multiple cavities. Compared with the spinal cord injury group, the hind limb function in the electrical stimulation and electrical stimulation+neurotrophin groups began to recover gradually. Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan score in the electrical stimulation+neurotrophin group was significantly higher than that in the electrical stimulation group (P < 0.05). The above pathological changes were significantly improved. (2) No latency of motor evoked potentials in both hind limbs was detected in the spinal cord injury group at 7, 14 days and in the electrical stimulation group at 7 days, respectively. At 21 and 28 days, the latency of motor evoked potential was shorter in the electrical stimulation and electrical stimulation+neurotrophin groups than in the spinal cord injury group (P < 0.05); and the latency of motor evoked potential in the electrical stimulation+neurotrophin group was shorter than that in the electrical stimulation group (P < 0.05). (3) The number of BrdU and Nestin positive cells and the expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 were ranked as follows: electrical stimulation+neurotrophin group > electrical stimulation group > spinal cord injury group. The expression level of glial fibrillary acidic protein was highest in the spinal cord injury group, followed by electrical stimulation group, and lowest in the electrical stimulation+neurotrophin group. These results show that after electrical stimulation plus neurotrophin 3 intervention, endogenous neural stem cells can proliferate and differentiate into neurons. Pathological damage is significantly alleviated and motor function of hind limbs is significantly improved.

Key words: spinal cord injury, endogenous neural stem cells, electrical stimulation, neurotrophin 3, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, motor function

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