中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (35): 5583-5588.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.35.002

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

不同剂量氨甲环酸局部应用并不放置引流减少全膝关节置换后失血

段国庆1,任春凤2   

  1. 1济宁医学院附属医院骨关节科,山东省济宁市 272029;2济宁市第一人民医院风湿免疫科,山东省济宁市 272000
  • 出版日期:2017-12-18 发布日期:2018-01-02
  • 通讯作者: 任春凤,硕士,主治医师,济宁市第一人民医院风湿免疫科,山东省济宁市 272000
  • 作者简介:段国庆,男,1979年生,山东省菏泽市人,汉族,2015年天津医科大学毕业,博士,副主任医师,主要从事髋膝关节疾病外科治疗方面的研究。

Local application of different doses of tranexamic acid without drainage reduces blood loss after total knee arthroplasty  

Duan Guo-qing1, Ren Chun-feng2   

  1. 1Department of Bone and Joint, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China; 2Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
  • Online:2017-12-18 Published:2018-01-02
  • Contact: Ren Chun-feng, Master, Attending physician, Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining 272000, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Duan Guo-qing, M.D., Associate chief physician, Department of Bone and Joint, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:



文题释义:
注射用氨甲环酸:是一种抗纤维蛋白溶解剂,它能抑制纤溶酶原的激活,进而阻止纤溶酶与纤维蛋白结合来抑制纤维蛋白的降解,最终引起止血。主要用于急慢性、局部或全身性原发性纤维蛋白溶解亢进所致的各种出血。近年来氨甲环酸被用于减少膝关节置换术后失血,取得了良好的止血效果。
人工膝关节置换:是指采用金属、高分子聚乙烯等材料,根据人体膝关节的形态、构造及功能制成人工关节假体,通过外科技术植入人体内,代替患病膝关节功能,达到缓解关节疼痛,恢复关节功能的目的。膝关节置换术后失血较多,从300-1 000 mL不等,失血导致康复延迟、并发症增多、医疗费用增加。
 
摘要
背景:人工膝关节置换是治疗终末期膝关节骨性关节炎的有效方法,可以明显缓解疼痛,改善功能。但术后大量失血是其较为严重的并发症之一,如何减少术后失血一直困扰着关节外科医生。
目的:探讨不同剂量氨甲环酸关节内局部应用结合不放置引流减少全膝关节置换后失血的效果。
方法:选择行全膝关节置换的150例骨关节炎患者,随机分成3组,每组50例。A组为关节腔注射氨甲环酸2 g加生理盐水稀释至50 mL;B组为关节腔注射氨甲环酸1 g加生理盐水稀释至50 mL;C组为对照组,关节内注射生理盐水50 mL,均不放置引流。记录和比较3组患者术后不同时间点的血红蛋白值、输血人数、术中失血量、术后显性失血量、术后隐性失血量、术后总失血量和术后3 h相关凝血指标,观察有无切口感染、下肢深静脉血栓形成等并发症发生。
结果与结论:①3组患者相比,术后第1,3,5天血红蛋白值差异均有显著性意义(F=7.218-7.516,P=0.000);②术后A,B,C组患者输血人数分别为2,5和9例,差异亦有显著性意义(χ2=5.753,P=0.000);③3组患者之间术中失血量差异无显著性意义(F=1.206,P=5.283),术后显性失血量比较差异有显著性意义(F=14.389,P=0.000),术后隐性失血量差异有显著性意义(F=7.158,P=0.009),术后总失血量差异亦有显著性意义(F=6.752,P=0.012),且止血效果与氨甲环酸呈剂量依赖效应;④3组患者术后3 h凝血指标比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤术后1周复查下肢血管彩超,未见明显下肢深静脉血栓形成;术后3个月内观察3组患者未见症状性深静脉血栓和肺栓塞发生;⑥综上,全膝关节置换术中关节内注射氨甲环酸且不放置引流,可以有效减少围手术期失血和输血,不增加并发症,且止血效果与氨甲环酸呈剂量依赖关系。
 
中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-8705-7760(段国庆)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 人工假体, 氨甲环酸, 引流, 全膝关节置换, 失血

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is an effective method for the end-stage knee osteoarthritis, which can obviously relieve pain and improve function. But a large amount of postoperative blood loss is a serious complication, how to reduce postoperative blood loss is still a difficulty.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy of local application of different doses of tranexamic acid without drainage on the blood loss after TKA.
METHODS: 150 patients with osteoarthritis who underwent TKA were randomly divided into three groups (n=50 per group). Group A received the intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid (2 g) plus 50 mL of normal saline; group B received the intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid (1 g) 50 mL of normal saline; group C received the intra-articular injection of 50 mL of normal saline. The drainage tube was not used in all patients. The number of hemoglobin, the number of patients undergoing blood transfusion, intraoperative blood loss, external blood loss, hidden blood loss, total blood loss and postoperative 3 hour-related blood coagulation indexes were recorded and compared among groups. Additionally, the incision infection and deep vein thrombosis were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The difference of hemoglobin among groups was significant (F=7.218-7.516, P=0.000). (2) The number of blood transfusion in the groups A, B and C was 2, 5 and 9, respectively, which had significant differences (χ2=25.753, P=0.000). (3) The intraoperative blood loss had no significant difference among groups (F=1.206, P=5.283). The difference in the postoperative external blood loss, postoperative hidden blood loss and total postoperative blood loss among groups was significant (F=14.389, P=0.000; F=7.158, P=0.009; F=6.752, P=0.012). Moreover, the hemostatic effect was in a dose-dependent manner. (4) There were no significant differences in the postoperative 3-hour-related blood coagulation indexes among groups (P > 0.05). (5) There was no deep vein thrombosis at 1 week postoperatively, and no deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism occurred within postoperative 3 months in the three groups. (6) To conclude, topical application of tranexamic acid without drainage can significantly reduce perioperative blood loss, blood transfusion rate, and does not increase the incidence of complications, and the hemostatic effect is in a dose-dependent manner.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Tranexamic Acid, Drainage, Blood Loss, Surgical, Tissue Engineering

中图分类号: