中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (20): 3158-3163.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.20.008

• 肌肉肌腱韧带组织构建 tissue construction of the muscle, tendon and ligament • 上一篇    下一篇

“双滑轮法”取腱编织重建髌股内侧副韧带修复青少年急性髌骨脱位

袁伶俐1,徐  斌2,徐文弟1,耿春辉1   

  1. 1蚌埠医学院第二附属医院,安徽省蚌埠市  233000;2安徽医科大学第一附属医院,安徽省合肥市  230022
  • 修回日期:2017-02-26 出版日期:2017-07-18 发布日期:2017-07-28
  • 作者简介:袁伶俐,男,1981年生,安徽省灵璧县人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事创伤及关节镜研究。

Reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament in the treatment of adolescent acute patellar dislocation using “double-pulley” technique

Yuan Ling-li1, Xu Bin2, Xu Wen-di1, Geng Chun-hui1   

  1. 1the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China; 2the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, Anhui Province, China
  • Revised:2017-02-26 Online:2017-07-18 Published:2017-07-28
  • About author:Yuan Ling-li, Master, Attending physician, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, Anhui Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
髌韧带:
是医学上的专业术语,主要是指身体的某种物件。猝然猛伸膝关节或外力强制屈曲膝关节时,因股四头肌急剧收缩,强大的力作用于韧带肥厚而坚韧,就会导致髌韧带的损伤。一般不易拉断,多为腔骨转子附着点出部分纤维撕脱或撕裂伤,或髌骨韧带起点两侧的部分纤维和血管受损。病程日久,在修复过程中,机化增生,局部血流受阻,出现代谢障碍而造成粘连,结疤,挛缩等改变,从而引起顽固性慢性疼痛。
习惯性髌骨脱位:指髌骨在活动过程中脱出股骨滑车凹,往往发生在青少年中。尽管髌骨习惯性脱位在运动损伤中并不十分常见,但由于髌骨脱位后可以自行复位,因此在临床诊断中极易误诊或漏诊。

 

摘要
背景:
目前针对青少年急性髌骨脱位研究较多,存在较大的争议,尚无统一的最佳治疗决策。
目的:总结应用“双滑轮法”重建髌股内侧副韧带治疗青少年急性髌骨脱位临床疗效。
方法:髌骨急性脱位30例,均由同一组医生行采用“双滑轮法”重建髌股内侧副韧带治疗,使用关节镜磨头在髌骨内上缘髌骨中点及髌骨中上1/3沿髌骨长轴做小的骨槽,以容纳肌腱为准。在骨槽内髌骨中点和髌骨中上1/3两点平行于髌骨关节面打入2枚带双线5.0锚钉,锚钉上双线分别各打1个结,另外2根加强缝合于周围软组织上,肌腱缝合为一股端,形成“双滑车”结构。于股骨内上髁及收肌结节处,切开长纵向小切口,显露内上髁及收肌结节,于两切口之间打通深筋膜隧道,将肌腱编织端拉过隧道,建立股骨端隧道,将肌腱沿股骨隧道牵拉向外侧,拉紧肌腱合适松紧度后界面螺钉挤压固定。随访10个月以上,进行韧带重建前后髌骨相关参数及膝关节功能参数比较。
结果与结论:①患者合并关节内软骨损伤12例,半月板损伤4例。②患者末次随访时髌骨倾斜角、Q角、髌骨外移值均小于韧带重建前;③患者末次随访膝关节功能Lysholm评分和IKDC评分均高于重建前;④平均手术时间(90.0±10.5) min。⑤韧带重建后出现1例膝关节活动0°-30°患者;1例因摔跤致髌骨骨折,二期进行髌骨骨折切开复位内固定;未发现髌骨脱位,未出现髌骨恐惧试验阳性,未出现感染、切口愈合不良。⑥结果提示:“双滑轮法”手术简单、创伤小、符合髌骨解剖结构的稳定性、具有髌骨运动轨迹可视性、韧带重建后患者恢复快、疗效好。若单纯应用效果不佳时,可二期再行截骨处理等优点,是急性髌骨脱位的很好手术选择之一。

 

 

ORCID: 0000-0002-3182-4454(袁伶俐)

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 髌骨脱位, 髌股内侧副韧带, 关节镜, 韧带重建, 双滑轮法

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Although there are many studies on acute patellar dislocation in adolescents, the optimal treatment strategy is under discussion.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the clinical efficacy of reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) in the treatment of adolescent acute patellar dislocation using “double-pulley” technique.
METHODS: Thirty cases of acute patellar dislocation were enrolled and received reconstruction of the MPFL using “double-pulley” technique. We proceeded to prepare the bone bed for anchor placement at the medial point of the superior edge of the patella and at the upper 1/3 patella along the long axis of the patella using arthroscopic grinding. Two double-loaded 5.0 anchors were respectively placed at the medial point of patella and at the upper 1/3 patella parallel to the patellar articular surface, and then tied using the double-pulley technique. Long longitudinal incisions were performed at the medial condyle and at the adductor tubercle to expose these two structures, the deep fascias tunnel between two incisions were penetrated to pull the tendon weave end through the tunnel until the lateral side along a femoral tunnel; finally the tendon was fixed using screws in appropriate tightness. All patients were followed for more than 10 months, and the patellar-related parameters and knee function parameters were compared before and after operation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were 12 cases of intra-articular cartilage injury and 4 cases of meniscus injury. The patella title angle, Q-angle and outward shift distance at the last follow-up were less than those before operation. Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee scores at the last follow-up were higher than those before operation. The mean operation time was (90±10.5) minutes. There was one patient with knee movement angle from 0° to 30° and one patient with a patellar fracture caused by slipping and treated with internal fixation. None of patients appeared with patellar dislocation, positive apprehension test infection or poor wound healing. These results indicate that the simple and mini-invasive double-pulley technique is a good treatment strategy for acute patellar dislocation, because it is consistent with patellar anatomical stability, holds patellar trajectory visibility, quick recovery and good curative effect. Additionally, osteotomy is recommended when the simple efficacy is not satisfactory.

 

 

Key words: Patella, Patellofemoral Joint, Medilal Collateral Ligament, Knee, Arthroscopes, Tissue Engineering

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