中国组织工程研究 ›› 2017, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (8): 1288-1293.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2017.08.024

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

全身振动训练对老年人下肢功能和慢性疾病影响的研究与进展

谭景旺,吴雪萍   

  1. 上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海市  200438
  • 收稿日期:2017-01-07 出版日期:2017-03-18 发布日期:2017-04-14
  • 通讯作者: 吴雪萍,博士,教授,博士生导师,上海体育学院体育教育训练学院,上海市 200438
  • 作者简介:谭景旺,男,1990年生,山东省人,汉族,上海体育学院在读硕士,主要从事老年人健身方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:

    上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目(14490503600);上海体育学院研究生教育创新基金(yjscx2015059)

Effect of whole body vibration on low extremity functions and chronic diseases in the elderly

Tan Jing-wang, Wu Xue-ping   

  1. School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Received:2017-01-07 Online:2017-03-18 Published:2017-04-14
  • Contact: Wu Xue-ping, M.D., Professor, Doctoral supervisor, School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • About author:Tan Jing-wang, Studying for master’s degree, School of Physical Education and Training, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Plan of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission, No. 14490503600; the Postgraduate Innovation Foundation of Shanghai University of Sport, No. yjscx2015059

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
全身振动训练:全身振动训练或称全身振动疗法是指一种通过振动仪器产生振动波并作用于人体,使神经系统、肌肉-骨骼系统以及心血管系统产生适应性反应进而提高部分身体功能的训练方法。
全身振动训练的开展方式:全身振动训练没有固定的开展方式,操作者可采用躺、蹲和站等方式使身体全部置于振动台上,也可采撑、扶和趴等方式使身体一部分接触振动台另一部分接触地面。站姿振动普遍采用的操作方式是锻炼者双脚接触于振动台并呈微蹲状站立,双手握住扶手以保持身体平衡,通过下肢各关节的角度变化来缓冲振动波。采取微蹲姿势的原因是振动波通过踝、膝、髋和脊柱达到头部时可以得到明显减弱,能够减轻头部的震荡。
摘要
背景:
近些年关于全身振动训练的研究在逐年增多,全身振动仪器也开始逐渐流行,全身振动训练的价值正在逐渐被挖掘,特别是不便于参加常规锻炼的体质弱势人群被认为能够在全身振动训练中受益,其中老年人占了较大比重。
目的:阐述全身振动训练在下肢功能和慢性疾病两个方面对老年人产生的影响并对相应机制进行探讨,为其他全身振动训练研究提供参考。
方法:由第一作者以“whole body vibration”为主题词在Web of Science核心合集数据库和PubMed数据库检索1998年至2015年的全身振动训练文献,然后以“older adult”、“elderly”、“seniors”和“aging”为关键词进行筛选;中文数据库选择中国知网(CNKI),以“振动训练”、“老年”、“高龄”为主题词进行检索,其中振动之于肺部疾病的研究除外。文献筛选时以60岁为标准来界定老年人群,下肢功能方面选择与老年人跌倒相关且易在全身振振动训练中产生效果的“神经肌肉功能”、“平衡功能”和“步行功能”,慢性疾病方面选择与全身振动训练作用机制联系紧密的神经肌肉系统类和心血管系统类疾病,包括脑卒中、Ⅱ型糖尿病、高血压和帕金森病。
结果与结论:老年人在全身振动训练中的下肢肌力增强效果显著,平衡和步行功能都得到了不同程度的提高。在慢性疾病(脑卒中、2型糖尿病、高血压及帕金森病)方面,全身振动训练的效用主要表现在神经-肌肉系统功能上,如肌力增强、肌肉僵硬和震颤程度减轻等,全身振动训练对老年人慢性疾病的部分指标也存在着改善效应。全身振动训练是一种安全、有效的训练方法,在肌肉力量、平衡和步行功能方面有提升需求的老年人可以使用此训练方法。老年人在选择全身振动训练时要衡量其投入-产出比,不能因其耽误常规治疗,关于全身振动训练未来还需要大量深度研究来明确已有效益及发现更多适用领域。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-6789-6591(谭景旺)

关键词: 组织构建, 组织工程, 老年人, 下肢力量, 平衡功能, 步行功能, 脑卒中, 2型糖尿病, 高血压, 帕金森, 全身振动训练

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Whole body vibration (WBV) training has gained increased attention at the beginning of 21st century as a sort of exercise. WBV instruments are popularized gradually; in the meanwhile, WBV training has showed its values especially for people who are too feeble to attend conventional exercises, among whom, the elderly accounts a lot.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effects of WBV training on low extremity functions and chronic diseases in older individuals, and to explore the underlying mechanism, thus providing reference for the study on WBV training.
METHODS: Web of Science, PubMed and CNKI databases were searched for the literatures addressing WBV training published between 1998 and 2015 with the subject word of “whole body vibration” and the keywords of “older adult, elderly, seniors, aging” in English and Chinese, respectively. The articles related to the lung diseases were excluded. The subjects were more than 60 years old, the low extremity functions included neuromuscular function, balance and walking abilities, and the chronic diseases included stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and Parkinson disease.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: WBV training is likely to increase muscle strength, body balance and functional mobility. In terms of chronic diseases, WBV training contributes to muscle strength, relieving muscle stiffness, amyostasia, enancing improving some indexes of chronic diseases. WBV training is a safe and feasible exercising way for elderly people scheduled for improving the muscle strength, balance and walking abilities. Considering the existed evidences, WBV cannot replace the conventional therapy to treat chronic diseases in the elderly. Furthermore, a large number of high quality trials should be conducted in the future to clarify its effectiveness and application values.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松组织工程

Key words: Tissue Engineering, Vibration, Aged

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