中国组织工程研究 ›› 2022, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (8): 1210-1215.doi: 10.12307/2022.225

• 组织构建实验造模 experimental modeling in tissue construction • 上一篇    下一篇

跑台运动改善自发性2型糖尿病模型小鼠心肌纤维化中的作用途径

陈祥和1,刘  波1,杨  康2,陆鹏程1,余慧琳1   

  1. 1扬州大学体育学院,江苏省扬州市   225127;2江苏省苏北人民医院康复科,江苏省扬州市   225001
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-11 修回日期:2020-11-14 接受日期:2021-02-14 出版日期:2022-03-18 发布日期:2021-11-02
  • 作者简介:陈祥和,男,1986年生,山东省临沂市人,汉族,2016年华东师范大学毕业,博士,副教授,主要从事运动促进健康的生物学机制研究。
  • 基金资助:
    中国博士后科学基金资助(2019M661957),项目负责人:陈祥和;中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2021T140580),项目负责人:陈祥和;扬州大学“青蓝工程”优秀青年骨干教师项目,项目负责人:陈祥和

Treadmill exercise improves the myocardial fibrosis of spontaneous type 2 diabetic mice: an exploration on the functional pathway

Chen Xianghe1, Liu Bo1, Yang Kang2, Lu Pengcheng1, Yu Huilin1   

  1. 1College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China; 2Department of Rehabilitation, the Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou 225001, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2020-11-11 Revised:2020-11-14 Accepted:2021-02-14 Online:2022-03-18 Published:2021-11-02
  • About author:Chen Xianghe, MD, Associate professor, College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225127, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No. 2019M661957 (to CXH); Special Project of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation, No. 2021T140580 (to CXH); Yangzhou University “Qinglan Project” for Outstanding Young Teachers (to CXH)

摘要:

文题释义:
miR-29a:作为microRNAs家族成员,其可负向调控转化生长因子β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)的激活,进而作用于膜上具有丝氨酸-苏氨酸激酶活性的TGF-β1Ⅰ型(TβRⅠ)和Ⅱ型(TβRⅡ)跨膜受体。TβRⅡ,TβRⅠ被认为是活化素样受体激酶,磷酸化TGF-β1下游信号蛋白Smad2和Smad3后,并使其与Smad4形成磷酸化复合基团,并迅速转移入核,介导靶基因Ⅰ型胶原表达来转导TGF-β1信号,从而调控心肌纤维化发生、发展。
Smads家族蛋白:在将转化生长因子β信号从细胞表面受体传导至细胞核的过程中起到关键性作用,且不同的Smad介导不同的转化生长因子β家族成员的信号转导。转化生长因子β作为配体形成的受体复合物,激活Smads进入核内,共同激活或抑制它们调节的靶基因的转录。
背景:2型糖尿病伴发心肌间质纤维化,虽然miR-29a密切调控TGF-β1/Smads途径,但有关该信号通路调控2型糖尿病心肌间质纤维化的相关研究尚鲜有报道。研究表明运动能改善2型糖尿病心肌纤维化。
目的:探究不同方式运动对自发性2型糖尿病小鼠(KK-Ay小鼠)心肌纤维化的影响及miR-29a/TGF-β1途径在此过程中的分子调控作用。
方法:24只10周龄SPF级雄性KK-Ay小鼠适应性喂养1周后,随机分为KK-Ay对照组(8只)、KK-Ay游泳组(8只)和KK-Ay跑台组(8只),8只10周龄C57BL/6J小鼠作为正常对照组(8只)。KK-Ay小鼠进行高脂膳食,C57BL/6J小鼠喂以普通饲料。KK-Ay游泳组和KK-Ay跑台组小鼠分别利用游泳和跑台运动进行8周训练。结束后,取小鼠左心室室壁,利用Masson染色检测心肌纤维化程度变化;利用RT-PCR法检测心肌中相关因子mRNA表达;利用ELISA和Western-blotting分别检测心肌中相关因子蛋白水平和蛋白表达。实验方案经扬州大学体育学院动物实验伦理委员会批准,动物伦理编号为YZU-TYXY-31。
结果与结论:①与正常对照组相比,KK-Ay对照组小鼠心肌间质纤维化程度显著;心肌中miR-29a mRNA表达和蛋白水平均显著下降,且转化生长因子β1、Smad3、Smad4、Ⅰ型胶原的mRNA表达和p-Smad2、p-Smad3、p-Smad4蛋白表达均显著上调(P < 0.05或P < 0.01),转化生长因子β1和Ⅰ型胶原蛋白水平显著升高(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);②与KK-Ay对照组相比,KK-Ay游泳组小鼠心肌纤维化无显著性变化,心肌中转化生长因子β1 mRNA和蛋白水平、Smad4 mRNA表达显著下降(P < 0.05);KK-Ay跑台组小鼠心肌纤维化程度改善显著,心肌中miR-29a mRNA表达和蛋白水平均上升(P < 0.05),转化生长因子β1、Smad2、Smad3和Ⅰ型胶原 mRNA表达及转化生长因子β1、Ⅰ型胶原蛋白水平显著下降 (P < 0.05),p-Smad2、p-Smad3和p-Smad4蛋白表达显著下调(P < 0.05或P < 0.01);④结果说明,2型糖尿病小鼠心肌间质纤维化程度严重;跑台运动可通过上调2型糖尿病小鼠心肌中miR-29a来抑制TGF-β1/Smads途径进而改善心肌纤维化,但游泳运动效果不显著。

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8696-8674 (陈祥和) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:组织构建;骨细胞;软骨细胞;细胞培养;成纤维细胞;血管内皮细胞;骨质疏松;组织工程

关键词: 跑台, 游泳, 2型糖尿病, 心肌纤维化, miR-29a 

Abstract: BACKGROUND: For type 2 diabetes mellitus accompanied by myocardial interstitial fibrosis, although miR-29a closely regulates the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1/Smads pathway, little is reported about this signaling pathway regulating myocardial interstitial fibrosis in type 2 diabetes. Existing studies have shown that exercise can improve myocardial fibrosis in type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different kinds of exercises on myocardial fibrosis in spontaneous type 2 diabetic mice (KK-Ay mice) and the molecular regulation of miR-29a/TGF-β1 pathway in this process. 
METHODS: Twenty-four KK-Ay mice, 10 weeks of age, were adaptively fed for 1 week, and randomly divided into KK-Ay control group (KC; 8 mice), KK-Ay swimming group (KY; 8 mice) and KK-Ay treadmill group (KP; 8 mice). Another eight C57BL/6J mice, 10 weeks of age, were selected as normal control group (ZC). KK-Ay mice were given a high-fat diet, and C57BL/6J mice were fed with common feed. The mice in the KY and KP groups were trained for 8 weeks by swimming and running exercise, respectively. Afterwards, the wall of the left ventricle of the mouse was taken, and the change of myocardial fibrosis was detected by Masson staining. The mRNA expression of relevant factors in the myocardium was detected by RT-PCR; the protein level and expression of the relevant factors in the myocardium were detected by ELISA and western blot, respectively. The study protocol was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Physical Education School of Yangzhou University with an approval No. YZU-TYXY-31.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the ZC group, the KC group had a significant degree of myocardial interstitial fibrosis; miR-29a mRNA expression and protein level in the myocardium were significantly reduced and TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad4, type I collagen mRNA expression and p-Smad2, p-Smad3, p-Smad4 protein expression were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and TGF-β1 and type I collagen protein levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the KC group, no significant change in myocardial fibrosis was observed in the KY group; the expression of TGF-β1 and Smad4 mRNAs in the myocardium was significantly down-regulated and the TGF-β1 protein level was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and other related indicators were not significantly changed. The degree of myocardial fibrosis in the KP group was significantly improved; miR-29a mRNA expression and protein level in the myocardium increased (P < 0.05), TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3 and COL1 mRNA expression and TGF-β1, COL1 protein levels decreased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), and p-Smad2, p-Smad3 and p-Smad4 protein expression was significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05). Compared with the KY group, the myocardial fibrosis of the KP group was significantly improved; miR-29a mRNA expression and protein level in the myocardium were significantly increased (P < 0.05), TGF-β1, COL1 mRNA expression and protein level were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), and p-Smad2, p-Smad3 and p-Smad4 protein expression was significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). To conclude, type 2 diabetic mice have severe myocardial fibrosis. Treadmill exercise inhibits the TGF-β1/Smads pathway by up-regulating miR-29a in the myocardium of T2DM mice to improve myocardial fibrosis, but swimming exercise has no significant effect.

Key words: treadmill, swimming, type 2 diabetes mellitus, myocardial fibrosis, miR-29a

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