中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (49): 7334-7340.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.49.006

• 心脏及血管损伤动物模型 Animal models of heart and vascular damage • 上一篇    下一篇

电镜下观察动脉粥样硬化血管损伤模型大鼠的血管超微结构

胡  萍,陈 谊,盛  净   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院老年科,上海市  200011
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-02 出版日期:2016-11-30 发布日期:2016-11-30
  • 通讯作者: 陈谊,上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院老年科,上海市 200011
  • 作者简介:胡萍,女,1979年生,上海市人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事老年心血管疾病研究。

Vascular ultrastructure in atherosclerosis rats after carotid injury under an electron microscope

Hu Ping, Chen Yi, Sheng Jing   

  1. Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2016-09-02 Online:2016-11-30 Published:2016-11-30

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

文题释义:
动脉粥样硬化血管损伤大鼠模型:选择Wistar大鼠,首先采用大剂量VitD3灌胃基础上饲高脂饲料的方法使大鼠形成血管动脉粥样硬化的病变,在这一基础上,再选用2F动脉取血栓导管损伤左侧颈总动脉,建立大鼠颈总动脉球囊损伤后狭窄模型。之后相应取损伤组大鼠动脉,分别进行血管组织学结构和超微结构的检测,以出现动脉粥样硬化改变及损伤后新生内膜增生为造模成功依据,从而成功模拟了人体血管成形术后再狭窄发生的病理过程。
再狭窄:是以管腔狭窄为特征的闭塞性血管反应,是在经皮冠状动脉腔内成形术(PTCA)术后几个月内发生的,通常指6个月内。其病理过程大致经历5个阶段:血栓形成期、炎症反应期、血管平滑肌细胞增殖期、细胞外基质形成期以及血管重塑期。

摘要
背景:
以往的血管损伤再狭窄模型大多在健康动物的正常血管上进行,研究仅仅针对正常动脉损伤后的愈合反应,而非粥样硬化血管壁球囊损伤后的反应,因此不能精确模拟人体血管成形术后的病理过程,不能完全反映人类疾病过程。
目的:建立动脉粥样硬化大鼠颈总动脉球囊损伤模型,了解血管损伤后再狭窄的发生规律及病理机制。
方法:在大鼠动脉粥样硬化病变的基础上,使用2F球囊导管损伤大鼠左侧颈总动脉,观察术后不同时期血管内膜、中膜增生的改变并在透射电镜下观察血管壁超微结构。
结果与结论:损伤后7 d新生内膜开始形成,至3个月时内膜增厚达最大,管腔明显狭窄,损伤动脉壁可见平滑肌细胞大量增殖。电镜下可见平滑肌细胞向“合成表型”转变,后期大部分恢复正常“收缩表型”。提示,应用球囊导管可以成功建立动脉粥样硬化大鼠血管损伤动物模型,损伤后新生内膜增生导致管腔狭窄,平滑肌细胞的表型改变、迁移及增殖是内膜过度增生的病理基础。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:肾移植肝移植移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植组织工程
ORCID: 0000-0001-8623-143X(胡萍)

关键词: 实验动物, 心肺损伤与修复动物模型, 再狭窄, 球囊损伤, 新生内膜, 血管平滑肌细胞

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Animal models of vascular restenosis used to be established in the normal vessels, and study on the healing results limits in the normal artery, not atherosclerosis; thereby, the model cannot accurately simulate the pathological process after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.
OBJECTIVE: To establish the common carotid catheter injury model in atherosclerosis rats and to study the pathogenesis of restenosis. 
METHODS: The balloon catheter injury was performed on the left common carotid artery of atherosclerosis rats with 2F balloon catheter. The dynamic changes of neointimal and media hyperplasia were observed at different time points after surgery. Meanwhile, the ultrastructure of arterial wall was observed using transmission electron microscope. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The neointima formed at 7 days, and reached a peak at 3 months, vascular lumen was seriously narrow, and abundant smooth muscle proliferation could be found in the damaged artery wall. The smooth muscle cells switched from contractile type to synthetic type at the beginning after injury, and most of cells returned to contractile type finally. These findings indicate that 2.0 balloon catheter can successfully establish the carotid injury model in atherosclerosis rats; neointima hyperplasia results in lumen stenosis after injury; furthermore, phenotype transformation, proliferation, and migration of smooth muscle cells play an important role in the process of neointima hyperplasia.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:肾移植肝移植移植;心脏移植;组织移植;皮肤移植;皮瓣移植;血管移植;器官移植组织工程

Key words: Models, Animal, Coronal Restenosis, Atherosclerosis, Tissue Engineering

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