中国组织工程研究 ›› 2016, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (22): 3308-3314.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.22.016

• 数字化骨科 digital orthopedics • 上一篇    下一篇

椎弓根单向螺钉及万向螺钉置入内固定修复腰椎骨折的生物力学比较

吕胜江1,付丽娟1,李红梅2   

  1. Lv Sheng-jiang1, Fu Li-juan1, Li Hong-mei2
  • 修回日期:2016-04-11 出版日期:2016-05-27 发布日期:2016-05-27
  • 通讯作者: 吕胜江,在职硕士,主治医师,昌邑市人民医院脊柱外科,山东省昌邑市 261300
  • 作者简介:吕胜江,男,1973年生,山东省昌邑市人,在职硕士,主治医师,主要从事脊柱外诊断与治疗研究。

One-way versus universal pedicle screw fixation for lumbar fractures: biomechanics

1昌邑市人民医院脊柱外科,山东省昌邑市 261300;2山东大学附属医院骨外科,山东省济南市 276000   

  1. 1Department of Spine Surgery, Changyi People’s Hospital, Changyi 261300, Shandong Province, China; 2Department of Bone Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 276000, Shandong Province, China
  • Revised:2016-04-11 Online:2016-05-27 Published:2016-05-27
  • Contact: Lv Sheng-jiang, Studying for master’s degree, Attending physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Changyi People’s Hospital, Changyi 261300, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Lv Sheng-jiang, Studying for master’s degree, Attending physician, Department of Spine Surgery, Changyi People’s Hospital, Changyi 261300, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文章快速阅读:

 
文题释义:
有限元:在1943年被提出用于分析扭转胃体,随后在飞机的设计中被应用,发展成为矩阵位移法。随着计算机技术和软件技术的发展,有限元法也不断发展,从固体力学不断发展到生物力学、流体力学、磁场及温度场等多个领域。在生物力学领域,有限元法用于建立人体的三维有限元仿真模型,并对其进行相应的应力和模态分析等,在骨科领域被广泛应用与生物力学的分析。
椎弓根内固定:适用于胸腰椎的各种不稳定性骨折脱位或合并截瘫者;脊柱畸形,如椎间盘的退行性变、脊柱滑脱及脊柱后凸等患者。以病变脊柱为中心做背侧正中切口,确定椎弓根螺钉的进钉点及方向,置入椎弓根螺钉,安放内固定装置,并复位固定。
 
摘要
背景:已有研究对腰椎骨折的固定方式进行了三维有限元分析,但关于腰椎骨折椎弓根螺钉内固定三维有限元分析的研究不多。
目的:以有限元法分析腰椎椎弓根单向螺钉及万向螺钉置入内固定修复腰椎骨折的生物力学特点。
方法:建立腰椎骨折椎弓根单向螺钉及万向螺钉内固定模型,以三维有限元法分析正常腰椎模型、腰椎骨折椎弓根单向螺钉及万向螺钉内固定模型的最大轴向位移、最大弯曲度、椎弓根螺钉固定系统上的最大应力以及椎间盘的最大应力,并进行对比分析。

结果与结论:①单向钉固定组和万向钉固定组在前屈、后伸、左侧弯和右侧弯时的最大轴向位移均明显低于正常腰椎组(P < 0.05-0.01),万向钉固定组在以上各方位的最大轴向位移均低于单向钉固定组;②单向钉固定组和万向钉固定组在各方位的最大弯曲度均明显低于正常腰椎组(P < 0.05-0.01),万向钉固定组在各方位时的最大弯曲度均低于单向钉固定组;③万向钉固定组在各方位时椎弓根螺钉固定系统上的最大应力均低于单向钉固定组(P < 0.05-0.01);④单向钉固定组和万向钉固定组在各位置动作时椎间盘的最大应力分布均明显低于正常腰椎组(P < 0.05-0.01),万向钉固定组在各方向动作时椎间盘的最大应力分布低于单向钉固定组;⑤结果表明,腰椎骨折椎弓根单向螺钉和万向螺钉内固定均可以承载大部分应力,明显降低腰椎的最大轴向位移、最大弯曲度、椎弓根螺钉固定系统上的最大应力以及椎间盘的最大应力,其中万向螺钉的内固定稳定性优于单向螺钉。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

ORCID: 0000-0002-2191-2880(吕胜江)

关键词: 骨科植入物, 骨植入物, 腰椎, 骨折, 椎弓根, 螺钉, 内固定, 三维有限元, 生物力学

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have performed three-dimensional finite element analysis on lumbar fracture fixation. However, a few studies concerned three-dimensional finite element analysis of lumbar spinal pedicle screw fixation.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the biomechanical characteristics of one-way screw and universal screw fixation for lumbar fractures using finite element method. 
METHODS: Models of lumbar fractures treated with one-way screw and universal screw fixation were established. Three-dimensional finite element method was used to analyze and compare the maximum axial displacement, maximum bending degree, maximum stress on the pedicle screw fixation system and maximum stress of intervertebral disc in normal vertebral fracture model, one-way and universal pedicle screw fixation models.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The maximum axial displacement at anteflexion, posterior extension, left lateral curvature and right lateral curvature was significantly lower in the one-way fixation group and universal fixation group than in the normal group (P < 0.05-0.01). The maximum axial displacement at above directions was lower in the universal fixation group than in the one-way fixation group. (2) The maximum bending degree was significantly lower in the one-way and universal fixation groups than in the normal group (P < 0.05-0.01). The maximum bending degree at various directions was lower in the universal fixation group than in the one-way fixation group. (3) The maximum stress on the pedicle screw fixation system at various directions was lower in the universal fixation group than in the one-way fixation group (P < 0.05-0.01). (4) The maximum stress of intervertebral disc was significantly lower in the one-way and universal fixation groups than in the normal group (P < 0.05-0.01). The maximum stress of intervertebral disc at various directions was lower in the universal fixation group than in the one-way fixation group. (5) Results suggested that one-way and universal screw fixation for lumbar fracture can bear most of the stress, obviously decrease the maximum axial displacement, maximum bending degree, maximum stress on the pedicle screw fixation system and maximum stress of intervertebral disc. The stability of universal screw fixation was better than that of one-way screw fixation.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Lumbar Vertebrae, Fractures, Bone, Internal Fixators, Finite Element Analysis, Biomechanics, Tissue Engineering

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