中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (35): 5615-5619.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.35.008

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

老年高血压患者全膝关节置换中硬膜外复合小剂量静脉麻醉的安全性

张威强1,徐贯杰2,杨立新3,李通华3,张晓林4,张雯璟5   

  1. 河北省临城县人民医院,1麻醉科,3骨科,4普外科,5感染管理科,河北省邢台市  054300;2河北医科大学附属第三医院麻醉科,河北省石家庄市  050051
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-10 出版日期:2015-08-27 发布日期:2015-08-27
  • 通讯作者: 张威强,河北省临城县人民医院麻醉科,河北省邢台市 054300
  • 作者简介:张威强,男,1971年生,河北省临城县人,汉族,河北北方学院毕业,主治医师,主要从事临床麻醉方面的研究。

Safety of epidural combined with small-dose intravenous anesthesia during total knee arthroplasty in elderly patients with hypertension  

Zhang Wei-qiang1, Xu Guan-jie2, Yang Li-xin3, Li Tong-hua3, Zhang Xiao-lin4, Zhang Wen-jing5   

  1. 1Department of Anesthesiology, Lincheng County People’s Hospital, Xingtai 054300, Hebei Province, China; 2Department of Anesthesiology, the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, Lincheng County People’s Hospital, Xingtai 054300, Hebei Province, China; 4Department of General Surgery, Xingtai County People’s Hospital, Xingtai 054300, Hebei Province, China; 5Department of Infection Control, Lincheng County People’s Hospital, Xingtai 054300, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2015-06-10 Online:2015-08-27 Published:2015-08-27
  • Contact: Zhang Wei-qiang, Department of Anesthesiology, Lincheng County People’s Hospital, Xingtai 054300, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Wei-qiang, Attending physician, Department of Anesthesiology, Lincheng County People’s Hospital, Xingtai 054300, Hebei Province, China

摘要:

背景:老年高血压患者常合并器官组织缺血,在接受关节置换的过程中较易出现各种风险。为保证置换手术的顺利进行,提高安全性,需要选择合适的麻醉方式。
目的:探讨硬膜外复合小剂量静脉麻醉在老年高血压全膝关节置换中的应用安全性。
方法:从2013年12月至2014年12月河北医科大学附属第三医院收治的老年高血压关节置换患者中选择64例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组32例,分别给予全凭静脉麻醉和硬膜外复合小剂量静脉麻醉。测定麻醉前、麻醉诱导后、麻醉后10 min、应用骨水泥后10 min、置换结束时两组患者的收缩压、舒张压、心率、血氧饱和度、呼吸率变化;记录置换中血管活性药物(包括麻黄碱、多巴胺等)的使用率以及置换后不良事件发生情况等。
结果与结论:较之麻醉前,两组患者在麻醉后10 min、应用骨水泥后10 min的收缩压、舒张压均显著降低,血氧饱和度均升高,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05);置换结束时对照组收缩压、舒张压及呼吸率显著高于观察组,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。观察组和对照组使用血管活性药物,包括麻黄碱、多巴胺等的分别有3例和15例,使用率经比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。且对照组置换后有5例患者出现呼吸功能不全,给予短期呼吸机支持后明显改善。提示与全凭静脉麻醉相比,在老年高血压患者全膝关节置换中实施硬膜外复合小剂量静脉麻醉具有更高的安全性。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 植入物, 人工假体, 硬膜外麻醉, 全膝关节置换, 高血压, 老年患者, 全身麻醉, 安全性

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Elderly hypertensive patients often associated with organ and tissue ischemia. All kinds of risks are easy to appear in the process of undergoing arthroplasty. To ensure the smooth operation and to improve the safety of the surgery treatment, it is needed to choose an appropriate mode of anesthesia.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the application security of epidural combined with small dose of intravenous anesthesia in total knee arthroplasty in elderly hypertensive patients.
METHODS: A total of 64 elderly hypertensive patients with arthroplasty in the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 2013 to December 2014 were selected and were divided into control group (32 cases) and observation group (32 cases). They were given total intravenous anesthesia and epidural block combined with small dose of intravenous anesthesia. Systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, blood oxygen saturation and changes in respiratory rate were detected before anesthesia, after anesthesia induction, 10 minutes after anesthesia,  10 minutes after use of bone cement, and at the end of arthroplasty in both groups. The usage of vasoactive drugs (including ephedrine and dopamine) during arthroplasty and adverse events after arthroplasty were recorded.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with pre-anesthesia, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were significantly reduced and blood oxygen saturation was increased at 10 minutes after anesthesia and 10 minutes after the application of bone cement in both groups (P < 0.05). In the end of arthroplasty, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and respiratory rate were significantly higher in the control group than in the observation group (P < 0.05). A total of 3 cases in the observation group and 15 cases in the control group used vasoactive drugs (including ephedrine and dopamine), and there was a significant difference in its usage (P < 0.05). Moreover, five patients in the control group experienced respiratory insufficiency, which was apparently improved after given the short-term ventilator support. These results confirm that compared with the total intravenous anesthesia, epidural block combined with small dose of intravenous anesthesia showed a high safety during total knee arthroplasty in elderly hypertensive patients.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Hypertension, Anesthesia, Epidural, Anesthesia, General

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