中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (3): 477-485.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2989

• 骨与关节循证医学 evidence-based medicine of the bone and joint • 上一篇    下一篇

股骨近端联合拉力交锁髓内钉与股骨近端防旋髓内钉、亚洲型股骨近端防旋髓内钉内固定治疗老年转子间骨折的Meta分析

刘  畅1,韩树峰2   

  1. 1山西医科大学,山西省太原市  030001;2山西医科大学第一医院,山西省太原市  030001
  • 收稿日期:2020-03-20 修回日期:2020-03-25 接受日期:2020-04-27 出版日期:2021-01-28 发布日期:2020-11-19
  • 通讯作者: 韩树峰,硕士,教授,山西医科大学第一医院,山西省太原市 030001
  • 作者简介:刘畅,男,1992年生,山西省临汾市人,汉族,2020年山西医科大学毕业,硕士,主要从事创伤外科研究。

Interlocking intramedullary nail for proximal femur versus proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail or proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail of Asian for intertrochanteric fractures in older adults: a meta-analysis

Liu Chang1, Han Shufeng2   

  1. 1Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; 2First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-03-20 Revised:2020-03-25 Accepted:2020-04-27 Online:2021-01-28 Published:2020-11-19
  • Contact: Han Shufeng, Master, Professor, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Liu Chang, Master, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
股骨近端防旋髓内钉:包括主钉、近端螺旋刀片和远端锁定钉,近端螺旋刀片具有较好的抗旋转作用,可以自动锁定;螺旋刀片以压紧骨松质形成钉道,增加了刀片周围骨质密度,同时被压紧的骨松质增加了刀片的锚合力。亚洲型股骨近端防旋髓内钉是在股骨近端防旋髓内钉基础上针对亚洲人骨骼特点设计的髓内固定系统,主钉的近端直径、外偏角度和螺旋刀片的直径较股骨近端防旋髓内钉小,置入方便。
股骨近端联合拉力交锁髓内钉:主钉的横截面为梯形,增加了其抗旋转力;近端双螺钉组合固定,在增加加压和抗旋能力的同时避免了传统双钉系统的“Z”字效应;远端分叉开槽设计避免应力集中,防止髓内钉远端股骨干骨折。

目的:治疗老年转子间骨折目前常用的髓内固定系统有股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail,PFNA)、亚洲型股骨近端防旋髓内钉(proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail of Asian,PFNA-Ⅱ)和股骨近端联合拉力交锁髓内钉(interlocking intramedullary nail for proximal femur,Inter-TAN),但3者治疗A2、A3型老年转子间骨折的临床效果尚存争议。使用Meta分析比较Inter-TAN与PFNA、PFNA-Ⅱ治疗老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的临床疗效。
方法:应用计算机检索Cochrane、Embase、PubMed、Sinomed、知网、万方、维普等数据库,搜集比较Inter-TAN与PFNA、PFNA-Ⅱ治疗老年不稳定型股骨转子间骨折的文献,检索时限为建库至2019年12月。由2位评审员独立阅读筛选文献、提取资料和评价质量,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。
结果:①共纳入8篇研究,1 349例患者,包括2篇随机对照研究和6篇队列研究,证据等级均≥Ⅲ级;②Meta分析显示,Inter-TAN组手术时间、术中透视时间、术中失血量多于PFNA-Ⅱ组[MD=-16.60,95%CI(-23.22,-9.99),P < 0.05;MD=-1.85,95%CI(-2.53,-1.16),P < 0.05;MD=-9.83,95%CI(-12.66,-6.99),P < 0.000 01],与PFNA组比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);Inter-TAN组头钉尖顶距、住院时间、Harris评分与PFNA组、PFNA-Ⅱ组比较差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05);Inter-TAN组术后螺钉切出发生率少于PFNA组、PFNA-Ⅱ组[OR=6.47,95%CI(2.79,15.00),P < 0.05;OR=5.88,95%CI(1.29,26.69),P < 0.05];Inter-TAN组术后髋部或大腿疼痛发生率少于PFNA组、PFNA-Ⅱ组[OR=2.57,95%CI(1.19,5.52),P < 0.05;OR=3.20,95%CI(-1.56,6.55),P < 0.05];Inter-TAN组术后股骨干骨折发生少于PFNA组、PFNA-Ⅱ组[OR=3.87,95%CI(1.75,8.57),P < 0.05;OR=7.06,95%CI(1.24,40.07),P < 0.05];Inter-TAN组术后二次手术发生率少于PFNA组[OR=4.10,95%CI(2.45,6.86),P < 0.05],与PFNA-Ⅱ组比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。
结论:对于骨质疏松且稳定性较差的患者,Inter-TAN能提供更好的稳定性,减少术后并发症;对于全身情况差且手术风险较大的患者,可以选择PFNA-Ⅱ内固定。
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7324-9793 (刘畅) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 植入物, 固定, 骨折, 股骨, 转子间骨折, 髓内钉, Meta分析

Abstract: OBJECTIVE: The most commonly used intramedullary fixation systems for the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fractures include the proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail (PFNA), the proximal femoral anti-rotation intramedullary nail of Asian (PFNA-II) and interlocking intramedullary nail for proximal femur (Inter-TAN), but the clinical effect of the three in the treatment of A2 and A3 type intertrochanteric fractures is still controversial. Meta-analysis was used to compare the clinical efficacy of Inter-TAN, PFNA, and PFNA-II in the treatment of unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly.  
METHODS: A computer was used to search databases such as Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, Sinomed, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP to collect and compare the literatures of Inter-TAN, PFNA, and PFNA-II in the treatment of elderly unstable intertrochanteric fractures. The search period was from the establishment of the database to December 2019. Two reviewers independently read the screening literature, extracted data and evaluated the quality. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan5.3 software. 
RESULTS: (1) A total of eight studies were included, with 1 349 patients, including two randomized controlled studies and six cohort studies. The evidence level was ≥ III. (2) Meta-analysis showed that the operation time and intraoperative fluoroscopy time  were longer, and intraoperative blood loss was more in the Inter-TAN group than those of the PFNA-II group [MD=-16.60, 95%CI (-23.22, -9.99),  P  < 0.05; MD=-1.85, 95%CI (-2.53, -1.16),  P  < 0.05; MD=-9.83, 95%CI  (-12.66, -6.99),  P < 0.000 01], with no significant difference compared with PFNA group (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in tip-apex distance, length of hospital stay, and Harris score of Inter-TAN group compared with PFNA group and PFNA-II group (P > 0.05). The incidence of postoperative screw cut-out in the Inter-TAN group was less than in the PFNA group and the PFNA-II group [OR=6.47, 95%CI(2.79, 15.00), P < 0.05; OR=5.88, 95%CI(1.29, 26.69), P < 0.05]. The incidence of hip or thigh pain in the Inter-TAN group was less than that in the PFNA group and the PFNA-II group [OR=2.57, 95%CI(1.19, 5.52), P  < 0.05; OR=3.20, 95%CI(-1.56, 6.55), P  < 0.05]. Postoperative femoral shaft fractures in the Inter-TAN group were less than those in the PFNA group and PFNA-II group [OR=3.87, 95%CI(1.75, 8.57), P  < 0.05; OR=7.06, 95%CI(1.24, 40.07), P  < 0.05]. The incidence of postoperative secondary surgery in the Inter-TAN group was less than in the PFNA group [OR=4.10, 95%CI(2.45, 6.86), P  < 0.05], and there was no significant difference compared with PFNA-II group (P  > 0.05).
CONCLUSION: For patients with osteoporosis and poor stability, Inter-TAN can provide better stability and reduce postoperative complications. For patients with poor general conditions and greater surgical risk, PFNA-II internal fixation can be selected.

Key words: bone, implant, fixation, fracture, femor, intertrochanteric fracture, intramedullary nail, meta-analysis

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