中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (24): 3860-3864.doi: 10.12307/2021.093

• 骨科植入物 orthopedic implant • 上一篇    下一篇

弹性髓内钉与钢板置入治疗移位锁骨中段B型骨折的短期随访

张德刚,刘  栋,李  朋,王兆林,张  锴,张新军   

  1. 滨州医学院附属医院创伤骨科,山东省滨州市   256600
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-14 修回日期:2020-09-16 接受日期:2020-11-09 出版日期:2021-08-28 发布日期:2021-03-09
  • 通讯作者: 刘栋,硕士,副主任医师,滨州医学院附属医院创伤骨科,山东省滨州市 256600
  • 作者简介:张德刚,男,1981年生,山东省滨州市人,汉族,副主任医师,青岛大学在读博士,主要从事创伤骨科研究。
  • 基金资助:
    滨州医学院科研计划与科研启动基金项目(BY2017KJ31),项目负责人:张德刚

Short-term follow-up of elastic intramedullary nail and plate in the treatment of displaced middle clavicle type B fracture

Zhang Degang, Liu Dong, Li Peng, Wang Zhaolin, Zhang Kai, Zhang Xinjun   

  1. Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2020-09-14 Revised:2020-09-16 Accepted:2020-11-09 Online:2021-08-28 Published:2021-03-09
  • Contact: Liu Dong, Master, Associate chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Degang, Associate chief physician, Doctoral candidate, Department of Orthopedics, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256600, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Scientific Research Plan and Scientific Research Startup Fund Project of Binzhou Medical University, No. BY2017KJ31 (to ZDG)

摘要:

文题释义:
锁骨中段B型骨折:锁骨中段骨折占所有锁骨骨折的80%左右,2018年AO/OTA骨折分类系统进行了改版,锁骨干骨折分型为15.2,为锁骨内缘2 cm到喙突内侧缘垂线这一区域,共分为3种亚型,A型为简单骨折,B型伴有楔形骨块,C型为多段粉碎骨折,此次研究重点关注锁骨中段伴有楔形骨块这一骨折类型。
弹性髓内钉:是基于成人长骨干骨折治疗中使用的髓内钉经过演化而来,最早起源于法国南希地区,用于治疗儿童股骨干骨折,因疗效确切该技术迅速传播开来,一度被称为“南希针”。弹性髓内钉有较好的抗弯曲稳定性,目前儿童弹性髓内钉技术已经成为治疗儿童长骨骨折的主流技术,但应用于成人骨折应严格掌握其适应证。

背景:文献报道,弹性髓内钉治疗锁骨干A型简单骨折的临床效果确切,具有创伤小、术后美观等优点,但目前对弹性髓内钉在锁骨中段有楔形骨块B型骨折中的应用效果不明确。
目的:比较弹性髓内钉与钢板内固定置入治疗移位锁骨中段B型骨折(AO分型:15.2B)的疗效。
方法:选择2017年11月至2019年10月滨州医学院附属医院收治的28例锁骨中段B型骨折患者,其中男18例,女10例,年龄19-65岁,根据手术方式不同分为2组,对照组15例切开复位接受钢板内固定置入治疗,观察组13例接受闭合复位(其中5例小切口辅助)弹性髓内钉内固定置入治疗。记录两组术中出血量、手术时间和切口长度,随访记录两组骨折愈合时间、肩关节Constant评分、DASH上肢功能评分和并发症情况。试验已通过滨州医学院附属医院伦理委员会批准。
结果与结论:①两组均获随访,随访时间8-24个月,对照组有1例出现浅表感染、4例因皮肤激惹于术后8-12个月行钢板内固定取出,观察组有5例因皮肤激惹于术后6-10个月行弹性髓内钉内固定取出;②观察组术中出血量、手术时间及手术切口长度均少于对照组(P < 0.05),两组骨折愈合时间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③两组末次随访的肩关节Constant评分和DASH上肢功能评分比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④结果表明,钢板和弹性髓内钉置入治疗移位锁骨中段B型骨折的疗效确切,肩关节功能恢复佳,但弹性髓内钉内固定具有创伤小、切口美观等优点。
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2817-1605 (张德刚) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱;骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 骨, 内固定, 植入物, 钢板, 弹性髓内钉, 锁骨中段骨折, 皮肤激惹

Abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been reported that elastic intramedullary nail has definite clinical effect in the treatment of simple fracture of clavicle shaft type A, with advantages of small trauma and postoperative beauty. However, the application effect of elastic intramedullary nail in type B fracture with wedge-shaped bone block in the middle of clavicle is not clear.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of elastic intramedullary nail and plate fixation in the treatment of displaced middle clavicle type B fracture (AO classification: 15.2B).
METHODS: From November 2017 to October 2019, 28 patients with type B fracture of the middle clavicle in the Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical College, including 18 males and 10 females, aged 19-65 years, were divided into two groups according to different surgical methods. Totally 15 cases in the control group received plate internal fixation, while 13 cases in the observation group received closed reduction (five cases were assisted by small incision) elastic intramedullary nail internal fixation. Intraoperative blood loss, operation time and incision length were recorded in both groups. Fracture healing time, shoulder Constant score, Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand and complications were recorded in both groups. The trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The two groups were followed up for 8-24 months. In the control group, one case suffered from superficial infection; four cases received plate removal 8-12 months after operation due to skin irritation; and five cases in the observation group received elastic intramedullary nail removal 6-10 months after operation due to skin irritation. (2) Intraoperative blood loss, operation time and incision length in the observation group were less than those in the control group (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in fracture healing time between the two groups (P > 0.05). (3) There was no significant difference in shoulder Constant score and Disabilities of the Arm Shoulder and Hand score between the two groups at the last follow-up (P > 0.05). (4) The results showed that plate and elastic intramedullary nail placement in the treatment of displaced middle clavicle type B fracture had exact curative effect, good shoulder joint function recovery, but elastic intramedullary nail internal fixation had the advantages of small trauma and beautiful incision.

Key words: bone, internal fixation, implant, steel plate, elastic intramedullary nail, middle clavicle fracture, skin irritation

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