中国组织工程研究 ›› 2015, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (26): 4139-4143.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.26.008

• 人工假体 artificial prosthesis • 上一篇    下一篇

高龄全膝关节置换的不同镇痛方式:认知功能障碍发生率比较

务  军   

  1. 广西科技大学附属柳州市人民医院,广西壮族自治区柳州市  545006
  • 收稿日期:2015-05-08 出版日期:2015-06-25 发布日期:2015-06-25
  • 作者简介:务军,女,1975年生,广西医科大学毕业,主治医师,主要从事临床麻醉方面的研究。

Different analgesia in elderly patients with total knee arthroplasty: incidence of cognitive dysfunction

Wu Jun   

  1. Liuzhou City People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2015-05-08 Online:2015-06-25 Published:2015-06-25
  • About author:Wu Jun, Attending physician, Liuzhou City People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

摘要:

背景:老年人关节置换后可能会出现认知功能障碍,容易导致各种置换后并发症的出现,甚至导致患者的死亡。为了降低高龄患者下肢关节置换后认知功能障碍的发生率,尝试采用不同的镇痛方式。
目的:对比不同镇痛方式下高龄患者全膝关节置换后早期认知功能障碍的发生率。
方法:纳入广西科技大学附属柳州市人民医院2013年12月至2014年12月收治的高龄全膝关节置换的患者82例,随机分为对照组和观察组,每组41例,分别给予静脉麻醉和硬膜外麻醉。置换后3 d,观察两组患者的简易智力状态检查量表评分、目测类比评分以及置换后认知功能障碍的发生率,并进行比较。
结果与结论:两组患者的简易智力状态检查量表评分差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);但观察组目测类比评分和置换后认知功能障碍发生率均显著低于对照组,差异均有显著性意义(P < 0.05)。且目测类比评分为置换后认知功能障碍的独立危险因素(P < 0.05)。表明在置换后早期认知功能的影响方面,对全膝关节置换高龄患者实施静脉麻醉或者硬膜外麻醉无明显差别,但在置换后认知功能障碍发生率以及镇痛效果方面,硬膜外镇痛更具优势。且经分析可知,疼痛是高龄患者全膝关节置换后认知功能障碍发生的危险因素。

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

关键词: 植入物, 人工假体, 全膝关节置换, 关节植入物, 高龄患者, 镇痛, 术后认知功能障碍, 目测类比评分

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Elderly patients may suffer from cognitive dysfunction after arthroplasty, which easily leads to the emergence of various postoperative complications, and even leads to the death of the patient. Different methods of analgesia are used to reduce the incidence of cognitive dysfunction after lower limb arthroplasty in elderly patients.
OBJECTIVE: To compare the incidence of early cognitive dysfunction in elderly patients with total knee arthroplasty under different analgesia.
METHODS: A total of 82 elderly patients with total knee arthroplasty in the Liuzhou City People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Science and Technology from December 2013 to December 2014 were enrolled in this study, equally and randomly assigned to control group and observation group, which received general anesthesia and epidural anesthesia, respectively. At 3 days after arthroplasty, Mini Mental State Examination score, visual analogue scale score and incidence rate of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in the two groups were observed and compared.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: No significant difference in Mini Mental State Examination score was detected between the two groups (P > 0.05), but visual analogue scale score and incidence rate of postoperative cognitive dysfunction were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, visual  analogue scale score was an independent risk factor for postoperative cognitive dysfunction (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that regarding the effect in the early postoperative cognitive function, implementation of intravenous anesthesia or epidural anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty does not have apparent difference. As for the incidence of postoperative analgesic effect and postoperative cognitive dysfunction, epidural analgesia is better. Through analysis, the pain is a risk factor for cognitive dysfunction after total knee arthroplasty in elderly patients.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:人工关节;骨植入物;脊柱骨折;内固定;数字化骨科;组织工程

Key words: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee, Analgesia, Anesthesia, Intravenous, Anesthesia, Epidural, Cognition Disorders

中图分类号: